Nerves Flashcards by Kenny Mueller

What are the 4 cranial nerves of the oral cavity?

Cranial nerve V, VII, IX, and XII

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What is the name of CN V?

Trigeminal

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What is the name of CN VII?

Facial

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What is the name of CN IX?

Glossopharyngeal

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What is the name of CN XII?

Hypoglossal

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What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Division I: ophthalmic (not to mouth)
Division II: maxillary (to all maxillary teeth)
Division III: mandibular (to all mandibular teeth and muscles of mastication)

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These receptors in muscles and ligaments (including PDL) provide brain info of position of teeth and mandible at all times.

Proprioceptive receptors, division I and II

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Through what does the trigeminal nerve division I leave the cranium?

Exits via superior orbital fissure (sphenoid)

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Through what does the trigeminal nerve division II leave the cranium?

Exits via foramen rotundum (sphenoid) into the pterygopalatine space

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What are the four branches of the trigeminal nerve division II?

First: pterygopalatine branch
Second: posterior superior alveolar (PSA)
Third: infraorbital nerve
Fourth: zygomatic nerve

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What are the three branches of the pterygopalatine branch of the trigeminal nerve division II?

Descending palatine-greater palatine, nasopalatine, and middle and posterior or lesser palatine

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The greater palatine nerve enters palate through what foramen?

Greater palatine foramen

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The nasopalatine nerve enters the palate through what foramen?

Incisive foramen

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The middle and posterior palatine nerve enters the palate through what foramen?

Lesser palatine foramen

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What branch of maxillary division II supplies MSA and PSA?

Infraorbital branch

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PSA nerve supplies what?

Maxillary molars (pulp and ligaments), alveolar bone, and facial gingiva

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MSA nerve supplies what?

Premolars and pulp and mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar as well as facial gingiva, bone and ligament

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ASA nerve supplies what?

Anterior teeth facial gingiva and part of sinus

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Terminal branches of infraorbital nerve supplies?

Upper lip and nose

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The zygomatic branch of maxillary division II supplies what?

Skin of temporal and orbit region (not to mouth)

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What are the 4 branches of the trigeminal nerve division III (mandibular nerve)?

A. auriculotemporal neve
B. buccal (or long buccal or buccinator) nerve
C. lingal nerve
D. inferior alveolar nerve

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The mandibular division III: auriculotemporal nerve supplies what?

Provides sensation to outer ear and skin of the face anterior to the ear and provides proprioception to TMJ

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The mandibular division III: buccal nerve branch supplies what?

Buccal gingiva of molars and premolars (and buccal mucosa and skin of cheeks up to corner of mouth (commisure)

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The mandibular division III: lingual nerve branch supplies what?

General sensation to anterior two thirds of tongue and lingual gingiva in mandible

What are the two terminal branches of the inferior alveolar nerve?

Mental branch and incisive branch

The mental branch of the inferior alveolar nerve supplies what?

Goes to lower lip and anterior facial gingiva

The incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve supplies what?

Anterior pulps

The facial nerve exits the brain case via what opening?

Internal acoustic meatus into the petrous part of temporal bone

How do the branches of the facial nerve exit the temporal bone?

Via petrotympanic fissure and stylomastoid foramen

As the facial nerve branch exits the petrotympanic fissure what does it become?

Chorda tympani (taste)

The glossopharyngeal nerve exits the cranium via what?

Jugular foramen

The afferent fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve go to what?

Go to posterior one-third of tongue for general sensation and taste also pharynx, and tonsils

The secretory fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve go to what?

Parotid gland

The efferent fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve go to what?

Muscles of the pharynx

Facial nerve efferent fibers go to what?

Many muscles of facial expression posterior belly, stylohyoid and platysma

Facial nerve secretory fibers go to what?

Submandibular and sublingual glands

Hypoglossal nerve efferent fibers go to what?

Muscles that move the tongue

What are the three afferent fibers that go to the tongue?

CN V: anterior two thirds general sensation CN VII: anterior two thirds taste CN IX: posterior two thirds general sensation and taste

What is the efferent fiber that innervates the tongue?

CN XII tongue muscles

Palatoglossal tongue muscle is innervated by what?

CN X

What are the three branches of the external carotid artery?

Lingual, facial, and maxillary

The lingual branch of the external carotid artery supplies what?

Tongue, floor of the mouth, sublingual gland and adjacent gingiva

The facial branch of the external carotid artery supplies what?

Soft palate, tonsils, pharynx, chin, floor of the mouth, lips, and nose

The maxillary branch of the external carotid artery supplies what?

All maxillary and mandibular teeth and muscles of mastication

What are the arteries to the mandible?

The mandibular branch of the maxillary artery

The pterygoid branch of the maxillary artery supplies what?

Muscles of mastication and buccinator muscle

The pterygoid branch of the maxillary supplies what?

PSA (molars) , infraorbital branches ASA, MSA (premolars and anterior teeth); descending palatine (nasal cavity, palate and lingual gingiva)

The pterygoid plexus vein drains what?

Blood from the upper part of the face, including maxillary teeth, and the inferior alveolar vein drains the mandible and lower teeth into the pterygoid plexus as well

The pterygoid plexus vein empties into what?

The maxillary vein and into the retromandibular vein

The facial vein drains what?

Runs parallel to the facial artey collect from the superior , inferior labial v. and muscles of mastication, nose and eyes

The lingual vein drains what?

Blood from the tongue

The common facial vein drains what?

All oral facial veins

The common facial vein drains into what?

Internal jugular vein - superior vena cava -heart

What are the four major lymph nodes of the head and neck?

Parotid, submandibular, submental, and cervical

The parotid lymph nodes drain what?

Drain cheek, ear and eyelids

The submental lymph nodes drain what?

Tip of tongue, anterior part of lower lip, anterior part of floor of mouth and mandibular incisors

The submandibular lymph nodes drain what?

Drain other maxillary and mandibular teeth as well as posterior floor, tongue upper lip and part of lower lip

The cervical lymph nodes drain what?

All lymph nodes of the head