Dental Anomalies Flashcards
What is a dental anamoly?
A deviation from normal, related to embryonic development
What is anodontia?
Absence of teeth, there is total and partial
What are three most common missing adult teeth?
Third molars (especially maxillary), maxillary lateral incisors (1-2% of pop.), and mandibular second premolars (1%)
Where do supernumerary teeth commonly occur
Permanent dentitions and 90% of the time in maxillary arch
What are the three most common areas for supernumary teeth?
A.maxillary incisor area
B.third molar area
C.mandibular premolar area
What is a mesiodens?
An extranumary tooth that is located in the midline between 8 and 9
What is a common abnormality that affects tooth numbers 7 and 10?
Peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor
What happens if the maxillary central incisors only develops from one tooth lobe?
Peg shaped maxillary central incisors
What is gemination?
(Twinning); one crown double in width; one root, one pulp chamber and canal.
What is fusion?
Two adjacent crowns fuse and appear double in width (two roots, two pulp chambers and canals)
What disease can give rise to Hutchinson’s incisors and what do these teeth look like?
Congenital syphilis, these teeth look like screw drivers
Aside from Hutchinson’s incisors what dental abnormality can arise from congenital syphilis?
Mulberry molars
What is a tuberculum intermedium?
Third (middle) lingual cusp on mandibular molars
What is a talon cusp?
This is a lingual projection on incisors in the shape of a talon
What are the two terms for the variation in tooth size?
Macrodontia and microdontia
Macrodontia typically affects what teeth?
Incisors and canines
Microdontia generally affects what teeth?
Maxillary lateral incisors and third molars
In what ethnic races are shovel shaped maxillary incisors prominent?
Common in American indians, asian, mongoloid, and eskimos
What is dilaceration?
Severe bending of the tooth root
What are enamel pearls?
Spheres of enamel found typically on the furcation area of teeth
What is taurodontia?
Bull tooth, this root is blunted, also there is no constriction of the pulp chamber into a canal
What is dens in dente?
Tooth within a tooth
What is hypercementosis and what is the cause?
Thickening of cementum and this arises from trauma or metabolic dysfunction
What is concresence of roots?
Joining of cementum of adjacent teeth after eruption
What is transposition?
“Switching” in the places of adjacent teeth
What is ankylosis?
Loss of periodontal ligament, root fused to the bone
What are the 4 etiologies of enamel dysplasia?
Amelogenesis imperfecta, fluorosis, enamel damage from high fever, focal hypermaturation
What are the two etiologies of dentin dysplasia?
Dentinogenesis imperfecta and tetracycline stain
What is another name for focal enamel hypoplasia?
Truner’s tooth, comes from trauma or infection
What does biliary atrisia look like?
Green bands that are present in the teeth and come from bile
What is attrition?
Wear of enamel and dentin due to opposing tooth contact (bruxism)
What is abrasion?
Wear of tooth structure by mechanical means (tooth brush, tooth pick, etc)
What is abfraction?
Bending of tooth due to heavy occlusion with enamel chipping off at cervical
What is erosion?
Wear of tooth structure due to chemical agents (citric acid, bulimic patients, etc)
