Nerve Influence on Motor Speech Disorders

Question 1

What are the 6 cranial nerves that play a vital role in speech production

Answer 1

Trigeminal nerve
Facial Nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
Accessory nerve
Hypoglossal nerve

Question 2

Location of Trigeminal nerve

Answer 2

Attached to the pons at the brainstem level

Question 3

3 branches of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 3

-Ophthalmic branch
-Maxillary branch
-Mandibular branch

Question 4

Which of the trigeminal nerve branches is most important for speech, how so?

Answer 4

Mandibular branch
It innervates the muscles of the lower jaw and velum

Question 5

Location of the facial nerve

Answer 5

Extends from the brainstem below the trigeminal nerve

Question 6

Two branches of the facial nerve

Answer 6

Cervicofacial branch
Temporofacial branch

Question 7

Location of the glossopharyngeal cranial nerve

Answer 7

Originates in brainstem at medulla, coursing out to the pharynx

Question 8

3 branches of the vagus nerve

Answer 8

-Pharyngeal branch
-Superior laryngeal nerve branch
-Recurrent laryngeal nerve branch

Question 9

Which of the vagus nerve branches facilitates velum and pharynx movement

Answer 9

Pharyngeal branch

Question 10

Which of the vagus nerve branches facilitates VF adduction

Answer 10

Recurrent laryngeal nerve branch

Question 11

Location of the accessory nerve

Answer 11

Originates at the medulla below the vagus nerve

Question 12

Location of the hypoglossal nerve

Answer 12

Originates in the medulla

Question 13

5 common causes of cranial nerve damage

Answer 13

-Brainstem stroke
-growing tumor
-viral or bacterial infections, damaging the LMN tissue
-physical trauma
-surgical injury

Question 14

If the trigeminal cranial nerve is damages, what could happen

Answer 14

-Unilateral damage will cause weakness or paralysis in the jaw and velar muscles

-Bilateral damage will cause insufficient raising of the jaw to produce most consonants and vowels

Question 15

If the facial nerve is damaged what could happen

Answer 15

-Unilateral weakness or paralysis in all face muscles

-Drooping of eyelid, mouth, cheeks, etc

-Reduces lip strength and range of movement, affecting articulation

Question 16

If the glossopharyngeal nerve is damaged what is the affect?

Answer 16

The pharynx muscles and any use of tongue during articulation will be impaired, which causes imprecise consonant production

Question 17

If the glossopharyngeal nerve is damaged, what other cranial nerve is damaged often

Answer 17

Vagus nerve

Question 18

If the vagus nerve is damaged, what is the result

Answer 18

Pharyngeal branch damage will affect velum movement (resonance deficit)

SLN damage will affect pitch

RLN damage will affect VF adduction, causing breathy phonation

Question 19

If the accessory nerve is damaged, what is the affect

Answer 19

Impaired resonance, pitch control, and breathy voice quality

Question 20

Damage to the accessory nerve will also affect which cranial nerve

Answer 20

Vagus nerve

Question 21

If the hypoglossal nerve is damaged, what is the possible result

Answer 21

Tongue weakness or paralysis

Imprecise articulation, phoneme distortion, or slow lingual movements

Reduced lip strength and range of movement, affecting articulation

Question 22

Which of the spinal nerves are most important for speech production

Answer 22

Phrenic nerves

Question 23

Generally, what is the affect of spinal nerve damage & what is the exception

Answer 23

Generally, only widespread damage will cause significant damage to spinal nerves

Exception: phrenic nerves

Question 24

Phrenic nerve damage is most associated with…

Answer 24

Reduced air supply

Question 25

What are 4 things phrenic spinal nerve damage commonly causes

Answer 25

1. paralyzed diaphragm
2. decreased loudness
3. shortened vocal quality
4. Breathy or strained vocal quality

Question 26

Function of the Trigeminal nerve

Answer 26

Controls the TMJ/Jaw, cheeks, and forehead
Sensation of anterior 2/3 of tongue

Question 27

Function of the facial nerve

Answer 27

facial expressions
Taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue

Question 28

Function of glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 28

taste and sensation of posterior 1/3of tongue
Soft palate muscles

Question 29

Function of the vagus nerve

Answer 29

Sensation and movement of laryngeal and pharyngeal stuctures

Question 30

Function of the accessory nerve

Answer 30

Neck and shoulder movements

Question 31

Function of the vagus nerve

Answer 31

Sensation and movement of laryngeal and pharyngeal structures