Nerve Histology

Question 1

schwann cells?

Answer 1

myelin producing cell in peripheral nervous system

associated with non-nonmyelinated nerves as wells

Question 2

epineurium

Answer 2

outside all of nerve

Question 3

perineurium

Answer 3

around fascicle bundle

Question 4

endoneurium

Answer 4

around individual axons

Question 5

motor end plate

Answer 5

where axon is on the muscle

Question 6

functional unit of nervous system

Answer 6

motor unit

-single axon and the muscle it innervates

Question 7

how to ruin a neuron

Answer 7

demyelination
lesion of neuron
damage muscle cell

Question 8

cells in a nerve?

Answer 8

schwann cells
arteries
etc.

Question 9

main en griffe

Answer 9

claw hand

if you injure the ulnar nerve

Question 10

can you reattach a nerve?

Answer 10

yes

-poor prognosis

Question 11

first cellular response to injury of neuron?

Answer 11

chromatolysis
-break down the nissl bodies and ribosomes move down axon

then ends retract and membranes fuse

then severed ends expand

schwann cells and machophages phagocytose debris

distal portion degenerates
-can’t maintain itself

Question 12

wallerian degeneration

Answer 12

after lesion

-distal breakdown

Question 13

growth cone formation

Answer 13

follows chemokines from schwann cells

Question 14

traumatic neuroma

Answer 14

bundle of axons that forms after lesion of nerve

can cause phantom nerve**

Question 15

when motor unit loses innervation

Answer 15

myofibers atrophy

Question 16

two ways to kill neuron

Answer 16

axonal degeneration

de-myelination

Question 17

findings of multiple sclerosis?

Answer 17

lesion in white matter

autoimmune - demyelination

will find immunoglobulin and mononuclear cells in CSF

(retina - normal but optic neuritis present)

Question 18

sclerosis

Answer 18

scarring

Question 19

multiple sclerosis

Answer 19

T cell mediated Th1 autoimmune response against myelin

find plaques associated with lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 20

treat MS?

Answer 20

corticosteroids

Question 21

oligodendrocytes

Answer 21

myelinating cell in CNS

can do multiple nerve fibers

**schwann cells only myelinate one nerve fiber

Question 22

myelin same in PNS and CNS?

Answer 22

NO!!!!

Question 23

amytrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 23

ALS - lou gehrigs disease

motor neuron disease
-no diaphragm (respiratory failure)

Question 24

how to distinguish neuropathy from myopathy

Answer 24

nerve conduction studies

electromyography

Question 25

EMG can diagnose?

Answer 25

neuropathies
neuromuscular junction disease
myopathies

Question 26

NCS can diagnose?

Answer 26

neuropathies

• neuronal compression
• axonal degeneration
• demyelination

Question 27

poliomyelitis

Answer 27

KNOW IT TOO