Nerve Damage

Question 1

most common sites for a slipped disc

Answer 1

L4/L5 and L5/S1

Due to the mechanical loading at these joints

Question 2

do lumbar nerve roots emerge above or below there respective vertebrae

Answer 2

below

Question 3

nerve roots that emerges at the same level as the intervertebral disc is termed

Answer 3

exiting nerve root

Question 4

the nerve root that emerges at the level below is termed

Answer 4

transversing nerve root

Question 5

lumbar spine para central herniation what nerve root will be compressed

Answer 5

transversing nerve root rather than exiting

Question 6

Sciatic nerve roots

Answer 6

L4-S3

Question 7

How does the sciatic nerve pass with respect to piriformis

Answer 7

anterior

Question 8

what does the sciatic nerve split into

Answer 8

tibial and common peroneal nerve at popliteal fossa

Question 9

piriformis syndrome

Answer 9

refers to sciatica-like symptoms that do not originate from compression of the spinal nerve roots, but instead are due to compression of the scaitic nerve by the piriformis muscle

Question 10

piriformis syndrome symptoms

Answer 10

dull ache in butt
typical sciatica pain in the thing, leg and foot 
pain when walking up stairs or inclines 
increased pain after prolonged sitiing
reduced range of motion of the hip joint

Question 11

the most common form of sciatic nerve entrapment

Answer 11

spams of piriformis msucle

usually due to overuse or to direct trumam

Question 12

injury to the sciatic nerve in the buttock if completely divided

Answer 12

hip normal - althought ham string paralysed
hip extenion normal due to glut max (inferior gluteal nerve)
hip flexion unaffected floxors of hip mostly supplied by femoral nerve
adduction would be unaffected as mostly supplied by the obturator nerve
abduction would be unaffected as gluteus medium and minimus are supplied by the superior gluteal nerve
knee extension nroaml - quads supplied by femoral nerve
active knee flexion would be absent as almost all of the flexors of the knee are supplied by the scistic nerve

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the ankle and inversion and eversion of the midfoot would be paralysed, as would movement of the toes

Question 13

superior gluteal nerve supplies

Answer 13

glut medius and min and tensor fascia latae

Question 14

Meralgia paraesthetica is injury to what nerve of thigh

Answer 14

lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Question 15

which area of thigh does lateral cutaneous nerve supply

Answer 15

anterolateral aspect of the thigh

Question 16

what is meralgia paraethetica

Answer 16

compression of lateral cutaneous nerve as it pierces the inguinal ligament or as it pierces the fascia lata

Question 17

femoral nerve lumbar orgin

Answer 17

L2,3,4

Question 18

Femoral nerve enervates

Answer 18

anterior thigh that flex the hip joint (pectineus, iliacus and sartorius)
extends the knee (quadricepts femoris:rectus femoris, vasus lateralis, vastus medicalis and vastus intermedius)

Question 19

femoral nerve lesions side effects

Answer 19

weakness and wasting of the quadriceps femoris group of muscles, sartorius, iliacus and pectineus
hip flexion will be compromised
active extension of the knee will be lost and the knee jerk reflex will be absent

Question 20

tibial nerve crosses where to deep comaprtment

Answer 20

popliteal fossa

Question 21

tibial nerve lies between what muscles in deep compartment

Answer 21

flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus

Question 22

where does the tibal nerve cross at the ankle

Answer 22

flexor retinaculm at the medial malleolus

Question 23

common peroneal (fibular) nerve travel root

Answer 23

superior aspect of the popliteal fossa and travels along the superolateral border of the popliteal fossa on the medial border of bicepts femoris
winds around the neck of the fibualr to pierce the peroneus longus msucle and divided into the superficial and deep peroneal nerves
before it divided it gives off a cutaneous branch which supplies the skin of the supper lateral leg

Question 24

the patient presents with foot drop due to

Answer 24

paralysis of the tibial anterior muscles (dorsiflexes ankle) and the long extensors of the toe, and inversion of the ankle due to paralysis of peroneus longus and brevis

Question 25

the superficial peroneal nerve supplies what part of leg

Answer 25

lateral compartment of the leg

Question 26

deep peroneal nerve innervates which part of leg

Answer 26

anterior compartment of leg

Question 27

deep peroneal nerve innervates what muscles

Answer 27

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius

Question 28

saphenous vein is purely sensory is a branch of

Answer 28

the femoral nerve

Question 29

what is the sural nerve

Answer 29

sensory nerve from tibital nerve and common peronela nerve that unite in the posterior leg

onces united the sural nerve runs down the leg in a posterolateral direction

Question 30

where does the sural nerve supply

Answer 30

skin of the lateral ankle and lateral boarder of the foot