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EAP 2016 > Nerve Agents HM Manual COPY > Flashcards

Nerve Agents HM Manual COPY Flashcards

1
Q

What are the latent symptoms of Pulmonary agent exposure?

A

Rapid, shallow and labored breathing, Painful cough
Cyanosis, frothy sputum, clammy skin, rapid feeble pulse
Low BP
Crackles and rales

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2
Q

What sxs would you expect in a person with a large exposure to vapor nerve agent?

A 
Miosis, 
sudden LOC
Convulsions
Apnea
Flaccid paralysis
Copious secretions from mouth, nose and lungs
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3
Q

What chemical agent is a cyanide that disrupts oxygen utilization at the cellular level?

A

Blood agents

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4
Q

What antidote kit is replacing the MARK 1?

A

the autoinjector treatment; Nerve Agent Antidote (ATNAA)

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5
Q

What are the Nerve agents?

A 
Vx
Tabun
Sarin
Soman
CycloSarin
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6
Q

What is the NATO code for distilled mustard?

A

HD

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7
Q

What sxs would you expect in a patient who inhaled a blister agent?

A

Sore throat, sinus pain, hoarseness, productive cough and shortness of breath
May hear crackles and rales

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8
Q

What is the NATO code for Mustard?

A

H

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9
Q

What are some symptoms indicating blister agent exposure?

A

Pain and gritting feeling in eyes, spastic blinking
Photophobia, swelling of the eye lids
Erythema and blisters to the skin

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10
Q

What is the NATO code for Soman?

A

GD

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11
Q

What is the NATO code for CycloSarin?

A

GF

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12
Q

What is the treatment for systemic involvement of Lewisite?

A

British Anti-Lewisite

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13
Q

What are the pulmonary agents?

A

Phosgene
Chlorine
Diphosgene

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14
Q

What is the NATO symbol for Diphosgene?

A

DP

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15
Q

What drug is considered an acetylcholine blocker?

A

Atropine

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16
Q

What is the treatment for the pulmonary agent casualty?

A

Supportive, limit exertion as mild exertion can exacerbate sxs.
May need to oxygeniate and ventilate

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17
Q

What is the NATO code for Tabun?

A

GA

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18
Q

What are some physical characteristics of Lewisite?

A

Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes slowly

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19
Q

What medication is used for nerve agent poisoning and acts by removing the nerve agent from the enzyme acetlcholinesterase?

A

2-PAM CL

20
Q

What odor may Patients exposed to mustard report smelling?

A

Garlic, mustard or horseradish

21
Q

What is the NATO code for Cyanogen Chloride?

A

CK

22
Q

What odor does Hydrogen Cyanide have?

A

Bitter Almonds

23
Q

What is the treatment of blood agent casualties?

A

1) Two amyl nitrite ampules crushed and inhaled (until 8 have been used) or IV sodium nitrate 300-600mg
2) Sodium thiosulfate 12.5g

24
Q

What medications are found in the MARK 1 Antidote kit?

A

Atropine 2mg

2-PAM CL 600mg

25
Q

What are the blood agents?

A

Hydrogen cyanide

Cyanogen chloride

26
Q

What medication is found in the convulsive antidote, Nerve agent (CANA)?

A

Diazepam 10mg

27
Q

What is the NATO code for Lewisite?

A

L

28
Q

What is the drug of choice for treating nerve agent poisoning?

A

Atropine

29
Q

What odor may patients exposed to lewisite report smelling?

A

Geranium

30
Q

What sxs would you see in a patient with high exposure to blood agents?

A

Rapid onset of increased rate and depth of breathing, convulsions, apnea and cardiac arrest

31
Q

What sxs would you see in a patient with a moderate exposure to blood agents?

A

Transient increase in rate and depth of breathing, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting
Headache and eye irritation

32
Q

What is the NATO symbol for Chlorine?

A

CL

33
Q

What is the NATO code for Sarin?

A

GB

34
Q

Pharmacologically, the nerve agents are ______ inhibitors.

A

Cholinesterase

35
Q

What allergy is a condraindication to the use of British Anti-Lewisite?

A

Peanut allergies

36
Q

Which of the blister agents has an immediate onset?

A

Lewisite

37
Q

What chemical agent acts by causing damage to the membranes in the lungs and separates the alveolar tissues?

A

Pulmonary

38
Q

What is the odor of phosgene?

A

new mown hay or freshly cut grass

39
Q

What are some physical characteristics of H, HD, and HN?

A

Oily

Colorless or pale yellow liquids

40
Q

What is the NATO code for Hydrogen cyanide?

A

AC

41
Q

What are the blister/vesicant agents?

A

Mustard
Distilled Mustard
Nitrogen Mustard
Lewisite

42
Q

What is the NATO symbol for Phosgene?

A

CG

43
Q

In what order should nerve agent casualties be decontaminated?

A 
Face
Neck area
Chest area
Abdomen
Arms and hands
Other
44
Q

What further treatment should medical personal provide to a severe nerve agent casualty who has already received 4 MARK 1 kits?

A

Atropine 2mg at 5-10min intervals, until there is a reduction in secretion and breathing difficulty.
If sxs persist after one hour, can give an additional 3 MARK 1 kits

45
Q

What sxs would you expect in a person with a small exposure to a vapor nerve agent?

A

Miosis
Rhinorrhea
Mild dyspnea

46
Q

What is the NATO code for Nitrogen Mustard?

A

HN

EAP 2016 (7 decks)

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