NERC Test Bank Flashcards
The reliability Coordinator may initiate a conference call under which of the following conditions?
Anytime they want
Data required for the calculation of ACE is acquired on which of the following time intervals?
6s
All of the following are reasons to notify other systems through predetermined communication
paths EXCEPT:
a. Insufficient resources
b. Lack of single contingency coverage
c. Loss of 10 MW load
d. Sabotage incident
Loss of 10MW Load
EOP-4-4:
Uncontrolled loss of firm load for ≥ 15 minutes from a
single incident:
≥ 300 MW for entities with previous year’s peak
demand ≥ 3,000 MW
OR
≥ 200 MW for all other entitie
NERC event reporting requires a report for events or occurrences which result in a loss of generation in the amount greater than ______ outside of ERCOT?
a. 100 MW
b. 300 MW
c. 2,000 MW
d. 1,000 MW
EOP-004-4:
Total generation loss, within one minute, of:
≥ 2,000 MW in the Eastern, Western, or Quebec Interconnection
OR
≥ 1,400 MW in the ERCOT Interconnection
You are a transmission operator and provide the following operating instructions to a switchman in the field. “I want you to open breaker 33A.” The switchman responds with, “I understand that you want me to open breaker 33A.” What would then be your appropriate response?
That is Correct
All of the reasons listed below are reasons to notify other affected entities through
predetermined communication paths EXCEPT ______?
a. Insufficient resources
b. Emergency actions for inability to purchase capacity
c. Market implications
d. Lack of single contingency coverage
c
Each Balancing Authority and Generator Operator shall comply with the instructions issued by the Transmission Operator, unless such actions would violate all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Safety requirements
b. Equipment requirements
c. Market requirements
d. Regulatory requirements
c
If a transmission operator expects an emergency condition, it shall inform ____.
a. Its Reliability Coordinator and any other potentially affected Transmission Operators.
b. Its Balancing Authority and Load Serving Entity
c. Its Generator Operator and Balancing Authority
d. Its Purchase Selling Entity and Interchange Authority
a
All generation, transmission, and load operating within an Interconnection must be included within
the Metered Boundaries of a/an _______?
a. TO
b. ISO
c. Market Participant
d. Balancing Authority Area
d
(# = Blank Space. Sorry, had to use due to their auto formatting)
G1-0MW————|–Line 1—–100MW———–|
############|—Line 2—–50MW———-|
##Gen2-100MW-|—Line 3——50MW———|
G1 goes up to 100MW, what is MW on line 3?
150MW
Ratios stay the same. Line 1 gets 50%, Line 2 and 3 get 25% each.
You are operating as a Transmission Operator and you identify in your EMS that a value from SCADA is indicating 0 MVA, but the State Estimator value is 75 MVA. Which of the following actions should you take?
a. Remove the line from service immediately
b. Investigate the cause for the bad SCADA value
c. Identify why the line tripped
d. Request your EMS support group to restart the State Estimator
B. Investigate first, then maybe take action
If an IROL violation requires the adjustment of interchange transactions, which of the following actions should the Reliability Coordinator direct the Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities to take until the transaction curtailments take place?
- Raise the limits
- Re-dispatch generation
- Shed load
- Switch transmission facilities
a. 1, 3, and 4
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 1, 2 and 3
d. 2, 3, and 4
D. 2,3,4
IRO-009-2 R1 / R2
For each IROL (in its Reliability Coordinator Area) that the Reliability Coordinator identifies the Reliability Coordinator shall
have and implement procedures that specify actions the Reliability Coordinator shall take or actions the RC will direct others to take (up to and including load shedding)
If a system operator is required to control its transmission facilities on a pre-contingency basis, which of the following actions would be appropriate if a system study indicated a potential emergency limit violation?
a. Reduce system frequency in order to reduce system load
b. Request an EEA 3 from the Reliability Coordinator
c. Reduce all interchange transactions to 0 regardless of their impact on the violation
d. Shift generation to eliminate the concern
D. Shifting generation around does not affect interchange if done in coordination
A - would only create inadvertent interchange and potentially violate frequency limits
B - EEA’s are for a BA and deal with generation deficiencies
C - this is just a dumb extra answer so I’m not going to explain it
Which of the following would result if there was a bad State Estimator solution?
a. The system would be on the verge of voltage collapse
b. EMS would be bogged down
c. The calculation of ATC would be wrong
d. Contingency Analysis program would produce incorrect results
D. This is what the estimator is used for
a- state estimator doesn’t actually control anything
b ?
c. Available Transfer Capacity would be based on real-time data. Not an estimator program
According to the NERC glossary, a constrained facility is defined as a transmission facility that is approaching, is at, or is beyond its:
a. Available transfer capability
b. Economic operating point
c. SOL or IROL
d. Normal voltage parameters
C.
A transmission facility (line, transformer, breaker, etc.) that is approaching, is at, or is beyond its System Operating Limit or Interconnection Reliability Operating Limit
Your system configuration presents you with a situation of having two parallel lines between two stations. The lines have different ratings. Line A has a rating of 250 MVA, while line B has a rating of 200 MVA. Based on the line ratings, what is the first contingency transfer capability between
the two stations?
a. 250 MVA
b. 450 MVA
c. 50 MVA
d. 200 MVA
D. Use the lowest limit
Which of the following defines the acceptable operating boundaries for the transmission system?
a. CPS 1&2
b. DCS
c. INLs
d. SOLs
d
Line A-B is overloaded with the flow going from Station A to Station B. The Reliability Coordinator has directed you to shed 20 MW of load to alleviate the overload. Which of the following is the best option to implement the directive?
a. Shed 0 MW at Station A and 20 MW at Station B
b. Shed 0 MW at Station A and 10 MW at Station B
c. Shed 10 MW at Station A and 10 MW at Station B
d. Shed 20 MW at Station A and 0 MW at Station B
A. Line AB is sending the MW FROM A to B. Shedding the load upstream of the line at station A will accomplish nothing because that will not decrease the downstream loading.
All flows are going from left to right
Line 1 >——->|—>—->Line 3
Line 2 >——->|—->—>Line 4
Gen 1 >——->|—–>–>Line 5
What happens if line 4 trips out of service?
a. The flow on Line 3 and Line 5 would increase
b. The flow on line 3 would increase and the flow on line 5 would decrease
c. Generator 1 would reduce its output
d. The flow on Line 2 would increase
A. If a line in parallel with another trips off, all parallel lines would pick up the load.
The Reliability Coordinator may use local transmission loading relief procedures if which of the following entities is experiencing a potential or actual SOL or IROL violation?
a. Reserve Sharing Group
b. Generator Operator
c. Transmission Operator
d. Balancing Authority
C.
LOCAL TLR so that does not mean the RSG. so not A
Gen Operators and BA’s do not actually own/operate any transmission lines so they don’t need them relieved. so not B or D
If a Transmission Operator is experiencing a SOL or IROL violation, how long does the entity have to correct the problem?
a. 30 minutes
b. 60 minutes
c. 10 minutes
d. None of these are correct
D
TOP-001-5 R12. Each Transmission Operator shall not operate outside any identified Interconnection Reliability Operating Limit (IROL) for a continuous duration exceeding its associated IROL Tv
TOP-001-5 R14. Has no time requirement for SOL violation
While performing a pre-outage study, you identify that the transmission outage will cause a thermal violation on a parallel path, which of the following actions would be the first one that you would implement?
a. Reschedule the outage if possible
b. Allow the outage to take place as long as no load is lost
c. Shed load to mitigate the concern
d. Allow the outage to occur and see what happens
A. Each Transmission Operator shall act to maintain the reliability of its Transmission Operator Area via its own actions or by issuing Operating Instructions.
C. Shedding load is the LAST option not the first
Which of the following would be a result of State Estimator failing to solve?
a. SCADA would stop working
b. All system tie-lines would trip
c. 10% of the load would have to shed
d. RTCA results would be flawed
D. Contingency analysis uses the model. Not scada/ controls / load shedding
By RTCA they mean Real Time Contingency Analysis
Which of the following actions should the system operator implement first if transmission line limits exceed the facilities emergency limits based on a contingency that has not yet occurred?
a. Curtail any interchange transactions that are curtailable
b. Only implement actions if the contingency occurs
c. Reduce voltages in the area of the violation
d. Remove the facility from service
A. TOP-001-5 R14. Each Transmission Operator shall initiate its Operating Plan to mitigate a SOL exceedance identified as part of its Real‐time monitoring or Real‐time Assessment
b-assessments are what gives us contingency analysis, so we act on those and dont wait for it to happen
c- generally transmission line contingencies are not voltage related
d. removing working facilities would decrease system reliability