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NERC 2023 > NERC Standards > Flashcards

NERC Standards Flashcards

Every NERC requirement

1
Q

BAL-001 4.1
A Balancing Authority (BA) receiving Overlap Regulation Service is not subject to:

A

Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1) or Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL)

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2
Q

BAL-001 R1
The Responsible Entity shall operate such that Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1) is:
A) ____%
B) for_______ period of time

A

A) > or = to 100%
B) preceding 12 consecutive calendar months

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3
Q

BAL-001 R2
Each Balancing Authority (BA) shall operate such that its average Reporting ACE does not exceed its Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) for more that _____ consecutive minutes

A

30

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4
Q

BAL-001 Attachment 1, page 6
It is neccessary that at least _______% of both Reporting ACE and Frequency Error sample data during _____ minute intervals be available to calculate Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1)

A

50%

one minute intervals

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5
Q

BAL-001 Attachment 1, page 6+7
A Balancing Authority (BA) performing Overlap Regulation Service to another BA calculates its Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1) after combining its __________________

A

Reporting ACE and Frequency Bias with that of all Balancing Authorities receiving the Regulation Service

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6
Q

BAL-001 Attachment 2 page 8
To ensure that the average actual frequency calculated for any ____ minute interval can be used to calculate BAAL, at least _____% of data during that time should be available

A

one minute interval

50% of data

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7
Q

BAL-001 Attachment 2 Page 9
A Balancing Authority (BA) providing Overlap Regulation Services to another BA calculates its Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) after combining its _________

A

Frequency Bias Setting with that of BA’s receiving the services

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8
Q

BAL-002 R1 and NERC Glossary
The Responsible Entity experiencing a Reportable Balancing Contingency Event Shall:
1.1 - Within the Contingency Event Recovery Period of _________ (time) demonstrate recovery by returning its Reporting ACE to at least the value of __________ OR _________

A

15 minutes

Zero OR Pre-existing negative value if ACE was already negative

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9
Q

BAL-002 R1
1.1
Any subsequent Balancing Contingency Event that occurs during the Contingency Recovery Period shall _______ the required recovery amount by the _______ of said additional Balancing Contingency Event

A

reduce

magnitude (amount of additional ACE the subsequent event decreases ACE)
IE: 5 minutes after an event, ACE is still -100 MW. Additional event takes ace to -150 MW. To get out of the Balancing Contingency Event, I only need to get to -50 MW. Not 0.

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10
Q

BAL-002 R1
1.2 Document all Reportable Balancing Contingency Events using _______

A

CR Form 1

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11
Q

BAL-002 R1
1.3 The Balancing Authority shall deploy ________, withing system constraints, to respond to all Reportable Balancing Contingency Events

A

Contingency Reserve

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12
Q

BAL-002 R1 1.3.1
A Balancing Authority (BA) or Reserve Sharing Group is not subject to compliance with Reportable Contingency Recovery Period if what 4 things are true?

A

Reliability Coordinator (RC) Declared an Energy Emergency Alert Level
AND
Contingency Reserves are being utilized to mitigate an emergency in accordance with procedures.
AND
Contingency Reserve is < Most Severe Single Contingency (MSSC)
AND
RC has been notified of the above and BA has provided an ACE recovery plan with a set timeline.

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13
Q

BAL-002 R2
How much contingency reserve must a Balancing Authority (BA) or Reserve Sharing Group have on hand?

A

A value > Most Severe Single Contingency (MSSC)

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14
Q

BAL-002 R1 1.3.2
When would a Balancing Authority or Reserve Sharing Group not have to comply with the Contingency Event Recovery Period (when outside an already declared Energy Emergency Alert Level)?

A

Multiple Balancing Contingency Events occur that are defined as a single contingency event with MW > Most Severe Single Contingency Event (MSSC)
OR
Multiple Balancing Contingency Events occur > MSSC during Contingency Event Recovery Period or Contingency Event Reserve Restoration Period

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15
Q

BAL-002 R2
Each Responsible Entity Shall review and update their Most Severe Single Contingency at least _______

A

Annually

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16
Q

BAL-002 R3
Each Responsible Entity shall restore their Contingency Reserve to at least a level ________ before the end of its __________ after a Balancing Contingency Event

A

Most Severe Single Contingency

Contingency Reserve Recovery Period

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17
Q

BAL-002 R3
A Balancing Contingency Event that happens to occur during the Contingency Reserve Recovery Period has what effect on the Contingency Reserve Recovery Period time frame?

A

Resets the time requirement to recover contingency reserve

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18
Q

BAL-003-2 R1:
NERC assigns each BA a Frequency Response Obligation (FRO). Each BA must prove that their Frequency Response Measure (FRM) is equal to or less than the FRO assigned by NERC.

Therefore, as per above: (BAL-003-2 R2)
What part of the ACE equation must the BA set as less than (more negative) or equal to the FRO assigned by NERC so they don’t in trouble?

A

Frequency Bias

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19
Q

BAL-003 R3
If a BA is NOT receiving Overlap Regulation Service, and has a variable frequency bias, what must the frequency bias be set to at all times?

A

< 0 at all times
= or < Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) any time frequency deviates from 60 hz > dead band (+/- .036)

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20
Q

BAL-003 R4
A Balancing Authority (BA) that is performing Overlap Regulation Service shall modify its Frequency Bias Setting in ACE to be equal to:

A

The Sum of all participating BA’s bias settings

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21
Q

BAL-005-1 R1
The Balancing Authority shall use a designated scan rate of no more than _____ seconds to calculate Reporting ACE

A

6

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22
Q

BAL-005-1 R2
A Balancing Authority that is unable to calculate Reporting ACE for more than _____ consecutive minutes shall notify its Reliability Coordinator within ____ minutes of ACE becoming unavailable.

A

30 consecutive minutes

45 minutes from beginning of outage

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23
Q

BAL-005-1 R3
Each Balancing Authority shall use frequency metering equipment for the calculation of Reporing ACE:
3.1 - That is available a minimum of _______ for each calendar year
AND
3.2 - with a minimum of _______ Hz accuracy

A

Minimum 99.95% of each year
AND
.001 Hz accuracy

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24
Q

BAL-005-1 R4
The Balancing Authority shall make available to the operator information associated with _______

A

Reporting ACE including, but not limited to, quality flags indicating missing or invalid data

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25
Q

BAL-005-1 R5
Each Balancing Authority’s system used to calculate Reporting ACE shall be available a minimum of _______ of the year

A

99.5%

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26
Q

BAL-005-1 R7
Each Balancing Authority shall ensure each Tie-line, Pseudo-Tie, and Dynamic Schedule with an Adjacent BA is equipped with:
7.1 - A _________ to provide information to both BA to use in the ___________ of ACE
7.2 - An agreed upon _________ to determine MW-hrs

A

7.1 - common source / Calculation
7.2 - Time Synchronized common source

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27
Q

BAL-005-1 R3 Rationale
_____ is the basic measurement of interconnection health

A

Frequency

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28
Q

COM-001-3 R1
Each Reliability Coordinator shall have communications with:

A

Their area’s Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities. Adjacent Reliability Coordinators.

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29
Q

COM-001-3 R2
Each Reliability Coordinator shall have backup communications with:

A

Their area’s Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities. Adjacent Reliability Coordinators.

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30
Q

COM-001-3 R3
Each Transmission Operator shall have communications with:

A

Reliability Coordinator
Balancing Authorities / Distribution Providers / Generator Operators in transmission area
Adjacent Transmission Operators synced or asynchronous

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31
Q

COM-001-3 R4
Each Transmission Operator shall have backup communications with:

A

Reliability Coordinator
Balancing Authorities in transmission area
Adjacent Transmission Operators synced or asynchronous

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32
Q

COM-001-3 R5
Each Balancing Authority shall have communications with:

A

Reliability Coordinator
Transmission Operators
Distribution Providers
Generator Operators
Adjacent Balancing Authority

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33
Q

COM-001-3 R6
Each Balancing Authority Shall have backup communications with:

A

Reliability Coordinator
Transmission Operator
Adjacent Balancing Authority

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34
Q

COM-001-3 R7
Each Distribution Provider shall have comms with

A

Balancing Authority
Transmission Operator

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35
Q

COM-001-3 R8
Each Generator Operator shall have comms with

A

Balancing Authority
Transmission Operator

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36
Q

COM-001-3 R9
Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator shall test their backup communications at least once every __________

A

Calendar Year

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37
Q

COM-001-3 R9
Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator shall correct a failed backup communication system within _________ time

A

2 hours

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38
Q

COM-001-3 R10-R11
In the event of communications failure, the Responsible Entity shall notify all affected entities within _____ time of detected failure that lasts ______ time or longer.

A

notify within 60 minutes of failure that lasts for 30 minutes or longer

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39
Q

COM-001-3 R12-R13
In addition to external communications, all entities shall have _______ _______. This includes communications between Control Centers within the same _____ _____ and/or Control Centers and field personnel.

A

Internal communications
Functional Entity

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40
Q

COM-002-4 R1
Each Balancing Authority, Reliability Coordinator, and Transmission Operator shall develop documented communication protocols for its operating personnel that issue and receive ________ _________

A

Operating Instructions

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41
Q

COM-002-4 R1 1.1
Communication protocols require the use of the _________ language, unless agreed otherwise.

A

English

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42
Q

COM-002-4 R1 1.4
In the event an Operating Instruction is issued to multiple people at the same time, who must repeat the instruction back?

A

At least one person

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43
Q

COM-002-4 R2-R3
What must an operator have before receiving or issuing an operator instruction?

A

Initial communications training

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44
Q

COM-002-4 R1 1.2
Describe the steps for issuing an operating instruction

A

Issue instruction
Listen to instruction repeated back
Confirm or re-issue instruction
Seek alternate method if person cannot repeat back

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45
Q

COM-002-4 R1 1.3
Describe the steps for receiving an Operating Instruction

A

Listen to Instruction
Request them to repeat instruction if necessary
Repeat, not necessarily verbatim, the Instruction
Listen for confirmation

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46
Q

COM-002-4 R4
Each Balancing Authority, Reliability Coordinator, and Transmission Operator shall do what every 12 months to their communications program?

A

Assess adherence of personnel
Provide feedback to personnel
Assess effectiveness of program

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47
Q

COM-002-4 R5,R6,R7
How does issuing or receiving an Operating Instruction change during an emergency?

A

It doesn’t. The penalty for violation of protocol just goes up.

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48
Q

EOP-004-4 R1
Each Responsible Entity shall have an event reporting Operating Plan that includes protocols for reporting to

A

NERC and/or others

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49
Q

EOP-004-4 R2
Each Responsible Entity shall report events to specified entities in their EOP by the later of _______ or _______

A

24 hours or the end of the next business day

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50
Q

Event Type:
Damage or destruction of a facility

Threshold for Reporting (Both Types):

A

Damage or destruction of a Facility within its Reliability Coordinator Area, Balancing Authority Area or Transmission Operator Area that results in action(s) to avoid a BES Emergency.

OR

ANY type for damage that is suspected to be from intentional human action.

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51
Q

Event Type:
Physical threats to its Facility

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Physical threat to its Facility excluding weather or natural disaster related threats, which has the potential to degrade the normal operation of the Facility.
OR
Suspicious device or activity at its Facility.

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52
Q

Event Type:
Physical threats to its BES control center

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Physical threat to its BES control center, excluding weather or natural disaster related threats, which has the potential to degrade the normal operation of the control center.
OR
Suspicious device or activity at its BES control center.

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53
Q

Event Type:
Public appeal for load reduction resulting from a BES Emergency

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Public appeal for load reduction to maintain continuity of the BES.

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54
Q

Event Type:
System-wide voltage reduction resulting from a BES Emergency

Threshold for Reporting:

A

System-wide voltage reduction of 3% or more

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55
Q

Event Type:
Firm load shedding resulting from a BES Emergency

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Firm load shedding ≥ 100 MW (manual or automatic)

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56
Q

Event Type:
BES Emergency resulting in voltage deviation on a Facility

Threshold for Reporting:

A

A voltage deviation of =/> 10% of nominal voltage sustained for ≥
15 continuous minutes

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57
Q

EOP-004-4
Event Type:
Uncontrolled loss of firm load resulting from a BES Emergency

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Uncontrolled loss of firm load for ≥ 15 minutes from a single incident:

≥ 300 MW for entities with previous year’s peak demand ≥ 3,000 MW
OR
≥ 200 MW for all other entities

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58
Q

Event Type:
System separation (islanding)

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Each separation resulting in an island ≥ 100 MW

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59
Q

Event Type:
Generation loss

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Total generation loss, within one minute, of:

≥ 2,000 MW in the Eastern, Western, or Quebec Interconnection
OR
≥ 1,400 MW in the ERCOT Interconnection

Generation loss will be used to report Forced Outages not weather patterns or fuel supply unavailability for dispersed power producing resources.

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60
Q

Event Type:
Complete loss of off-site power to a nuclear generating plant (grid supply)

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Complete loss of off-site power (LOOP) affecting a nuclear
generating station per the Nuclear Plant Interface Requirements

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61
Q

Event Type:
Transmission loss

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Unexpected loss within its area, contrary to design, of three or more BES Facilities caused by a common disturbance (excluding successful automatic reclosing).

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62
Q

Event Type:
Unplanned evacuation of its BES control center

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Unplanned evacuation from its BES control center facility for 30 continuous minutes or more.

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63
Q

Event Type:
Complete loss of Interpersonal Communication and Alternative Interpersonal Communication capability at its staffed BES control center

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Complete loss of Interpersonal Communication and Alternative Interpersonal Communication capability affecting its staffed BES control center for 30 continuous minutes or more.

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64
Q

Event Type:
Complete loss of monitoring or control capability at its staffed BES control center

Threshold for Reporting:

A

Complete loss of monitoring or control capability at its staffed BES control center for 30 continuous minutes or more.

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65
Q

EOP-005-3 R1
Each Transmission Operator shall develop and implement a Blackstart restoration plan approved by its _________

A

Reliability Coordinator

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66
Q

EOP-005-3 R1 1.2
Transmission Operators shall include in their restoration procedures / protocols mutually agreed upon methods for restoring off-site power to __________ including priority of restoration.

A

Nuclear Power Plants

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67
Q

EOP-005-3 R1 1.5
Identification of _______ paths and initial switching requirements between Blackstart Resocurces must be called out in emergency restoration procedures

A

Cranking

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68
Q

EOP-005-3 R2
Transmission Operators shall provide entities identified in its approved restoration plan any changes to their roles and tasks prior to ________

A

the effective date of the plan

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69
Q

EOP-005-3 R3
Each Transmission Operator shall review its restoration plan and submit it to the Reliability Coordinator _____ on a mutually agreed, predetermined schedule

A

Annually

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70
Q

EOP-005-3 R4
Each Transmission Operator shall submit its revised restoration plan to its Reliability Coordinator for approval, when the revision would change its ability to implement its restoration plan, as follows:

A

Within 90 days of an unplanned permanent BES modification OR prior to a planned modification

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71
Q

EOP-005-3 R5
Each Transmission Operator shall have a copy of the approved restoration plan where?

A

Primary and Backup control rooms

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72
Q

EOP-005-3 R6
Each Transmission Operator shall verify through analysis, simulations, or testing that their restoration plan is correct at least every ________ years

A

5

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73
Q

EOP-005-3 R7
Each Transmisison Operator, as part of Blackstart planning, shall verify:
6.1 ) The capability of Blackstart resources to meet the real and reactive power requirements of the ______ ______ and the dynamic capability to supply initial _______

A

Cranking Paths

Loads

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74
Q

EOP-005-3 R7
Each Transmisison Operator, as part of Blackstart planning, shall verify:

6.2 ) The location and magnitude of Loads required to control ________ and _______ within acceptable operating limits

A

Voltage and Frequency

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75
Q

EOP-005-3 R7
Each Transmisison Operator, as part of Blackstart planning, shall verify:

6.3 ) The capability of _________ resources to control voltages and frequency within acceptable limits

A

Generation

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76
Q

EOP-005-3 R7
Transmission Operators shall have Blackstart Resources tested at least every _______.

A

3 Years

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77
Q

EOP-005-3 R7 7.2

Blackstart resource testing specifications require the resource to be tested while the unit is under what conditions?

A

Isolated with no support from the BES or when designed to remain energized without connection to the remainder of the system.

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78
Q

EOP-005-3 R7 7.3
The Transmission Operator is required to specify the minimum _________ a Blackstart resource is to be tested for.

A

Duration

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79
Q

EOP-005-3 R7 7.2

Blackstart resource testing specifications require the resource to __________ a _______ , if possible. Alternatively, the operator must at least affirm the unit has the capability to do so.

A

Energize a bus

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80
Q

EOP-005-3 R8
Each Transmission Operator shall conduct System restoration training with its operators at least _________

A

Annually

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81
Q

EOP-005-3 R9
Transmission Operators, Transmission Owners, and Distribution Providers shall provide at least ______ hours of system restoration training at least every _____ years to field switching personnel

A

Two

Two

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82
Q

EOP-005-3 R10
Each Transmission Operator shall participate in its Reliablility Coordinator’s restoration drills at least ________ with its Reliability Coordinator

A

As Requested

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83
Q

EOP-005-3 R11
Each Transmission Operator and Generator Operator shall have written ________ or mutually agreed upon ______ and ______

A

Blackstart Resource Agreements

Procedures and Protocols

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84
Q

EOP-005-3 R12
Each Generator Operator with a Blackstart Resource shall have documented _________ for starting each Blackstart Resource

A

Procedures

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85
Q

EOP-005-3 R13
When must a Generator Operator notify the Transmission Operator about issues with a Blackstart Resource?

A

Within 24 hours

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86
Q

EOP-005-3 R14
When must a Generator Operator provide Blackstart test results?

A

Within 30 days of test

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87
Q

EOP-005-3 R15
Each Generator Operator must provide Blackstart resource startup training to its personnel. The personnel must be provided a minimum of ______ hours training at least every _____ years

A

Two

Two

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88
Q

EOP-005-3 R16
Each Generator Operator shall participate in its Reliablility Coordinator’s restoration drills at least ________ with its Reliability Coordinator

A

As Requested

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89
Q

EOP-006-3 R1
The Reliability Coordinators Blackstart restoration plan is a ____-_____ strategy

A

High-Level

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90
Q

EOP-006-3 R1
The Reliability Coordinators restoration plan shall include the criteria and conditions for re-establishing __________ with Transmision Operators and other Reliability Coordinators

A

Interconnection

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91
Q

EOP-006-3 R1
At the conclusion of a system restoration plan the Reliability Coordinator transfers ________ and _______ back to the Balancing Authority

A

operations and authority

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92
Q

EOP-006-3 R2
The Reliability Coordinator shall distribute its most recent restoration plan to Transmission Operators and adjacent Reliability Coordinators within ______

A

30 days

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93
Q

EOP-006-3 R3
Reliabilty Coordinators shall review its own restoration plan within at least _______ of the last review date

A

13 months

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94
Q

EOP-006-3 R4
Each Reliability Coordinator shall review its neighboring Reliability Coordinator’s restoration plans and provide written notification of any conflicts discovered during that review within ______ days of receipt.

A

60

95
Q

EOP-006-3 R4
If a Reliability Coordinator finds conflicts between its restoration plans and any of its neighbors, the conflicts shall be resolved within ______ days of receipt of written notification.

A

30

96
Q

EOP-006-3 R5
The Reliability Coordinator shall review the restoration plans of Transmission operators for ______ and _______ with their own and other Transmission Operators in the area

A

Coordination and Compatibility

97
Q

EOP-006-3 R5
The Reliability Coordinator shall provide notification to the Transmission Operator of approval or disapproval, with stated reasons, of the Transmission Operator’s submitted restoration plan within ____ following the receipt of the restoration plan from the Transmission Operator.

A

30 days

98
Q

EOP-006-3 R6
Each Reliabiliy Coordinator shall a keep copy of its restoration plan and all Transmission Operator restoration plans _______

A

in its primary and backup control center

99
Q

EOP-006-3 R7
Each Reliability Coordinator shall provide restoration training to its system operators _______. This training shall address coordination and re-establishing the interconnection.

A

Annually

100
Q

EOP-006-3 R8
Each Reliabiliy Coordinator shall conduct ________ system restoration drills per calendar year with Transmission Operators and Generator Operators

A

Two

101
Q

EOP-008-2 R1
Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator shall have a current _______ to maintain operations in the event of primary control center failure.

A

Operating Plan

102
Q

EOP-008-2 R2
Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority and Transmission Operator shall have a dated, current, and in effect copy of its Operating Plan for backup functionality located _____

A

In primary and backup control center

103
Q

EOP-008-2 R3,R4
Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall have a backup _______

A

Control center

104
Q

EOP-008-2 R5
Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall review and approve a backup control Operating Plan ______

A

Annually

105
Q

EOP-008-2 R6
Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall have a backup and primary control center that function __________

A

Independently

106
Q

EOP-008-2 R7
Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall conduct a loss of primary control center test at least ______

A

Annually

107
Q

EOP-008-2 R7
Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall document these two things as part of loss of control center testing:

The _____ time between loss of primary and full implementation of backup control center
That backup control center can be operated for a minimum of _______ hours

A

Transition time
2 hours

108
Q

EOP-008-2 R5
Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority experiencing a loss of primary or backup control center functionality lasting, or anticipated to last, greater than _______ shall notify its Regional Entity within _____ showing how primary or backup control will be restored.

A

6 months

109
Q

EOP-010-1 Background
Geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) events have the potential to adversely impact the ______operation of interconnected transmission systems

A

Reliabile

110
Q

EOP-010-1 Background
During a GMD event, geomagnetically-induced currents (GIC) may cause transformer ______ or damage

A

Hot-spot heating

111
Q

EOP-010-1 Background
During a GMD event, geomagnetically-induced currents (GIC) may cause ______ of Reactive Power sources

A

loss

112
Q

EOP-010-1 Background
During a GMD event, geomagnetically-induced currents (GIC) may cause _______ Reactive Power demand

A

increased

113
Q

EOP-010-1 Background
During a GMD event, geomagnetically-induced currents (GIC) may cause Protection System ________

A

Misoperation

114
Q

EOP-010-1 R1 / R3
Each Reliability Coordinator and Transmission Operator shall develop, maintain, and implement a GMD _________ plan that coordinates GMD Operating ________ within its area of responsibility

A

Operating

Procedures

115
Q

EOP-010-1 R1 1.1 / 1.2
At a minimum, the Reliability Coordinator GMD Operating Plan shall include:

1.1 A description of activities designed to ______ the effects of GMD events
1.2 A process for the Reliability Coordinator to review the GMD Operating Procedures or Operating Processes of _______

A

Mitigate

Transmission Operators

116
Q

EOP-010-1 R2
Each ______ shall disseminate forecasted and current space weather information to functional entities identified in the GMD operating plan

A

Reliability Coordinator

117
Q

EOP-010-1 R4
At a minimum, each Transmission Operator’s GMD operating procedure shall contain:
- Steps to receive ______ weather information
- System Operator actions to be ________ based on predetermined conditions
- The conditions for ________ the procedure

A

Space
taken
terminating

118
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Each Transmission Operator shall develop and maintain one or more _________ reviewed Emergency Operating Plans

A

Reliability Coordinator

119
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Transmission Operators shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

_______ of the Reliability Coordinator

A

Notification

120
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Transmission Operators shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

_________ of transmission and generator outages

A

Cancellation

121
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Transmission Operators shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

Transmission System _________

A

Reconfiguration

122
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Transmission Operators shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

________ of generation request

A

Redispatch

123
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Transmission Operators shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

_________ load shedding that minimizes overlap with ________ load shedding

A

Manual

Automatic

124
Q

EOP-011-2 R1
Transmission Operators shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

Having provisions to determine the reliability impacts of ______ weather

A

Extreme

125
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
Each Balancing Authority shall develop, maintain, and implement one or more Reliability Coordinator-reviewed Operating Plan(s) to mitigate _______Emergencies and ______ Emergencies within its Balancing Authority Area.

A

Capacity

Energy

126
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
If a Balancing Authority is experiencing an energy emergency they should request an _____ via their _____

A

Energy Emergency Alert
Reliability Coordinator

127
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
A Balancing Authority is responsible for managing their generating resources to address:
- Capability and _____
- Fuel Supply and _______
- Fuel _______ capability
- _______ Constraints

A

Availability
Inventory
Switching
Environmental

128
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
In the event a Balancing Authority does not have the _______ to match load demand the BA may issue a ______

A

Generating Capacity

Public Appeal for voluntary load reduction

129
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
A balancing authority can request government agencies implement their programs to achieve necessary ________ in the event of an energy emergency

A

Energy reductions

130
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
In the event of an energy emergency a Balancing Authority can utilize ______ or ______ load, and demand response

A

Interruptible or Curtailable load

131
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
Balancing Authorities shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

_________ load shedding that minimizes overlap with ________ load shedding

A

Manual

Automatic

132
Q

EOP-011-2 R2
Balancing Authorities shall have plans to mitigate emergencies by:

Having provisions to determine the reliability impacts of ______ weather

A

Extreme

133
Q

EOP-011-2 R3
The Reliability Coordinator shall review Emergency Operating Plans of Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities within _____ days for Coordination, Inter-dependency, and compatability

A

30

134
Q

EOP-011-2 R3 / R4
After Reliability Coordinator review of Emergency Operating Procedures, the Transmission Operator or Balancing Authority will have how long to make requested changes to the procedures?

A

Reliability Coordinator specified time frame

135
Q

EOP-011-2 R5
Each Reliability Coordinator has how long to notify other affected parties after receiving an emergency alert from a Transmission Operator or Balancing Authority?

A

30 Minutes

136
Q

EOP-011-2 R5
Who must the Reliability Coordinator notify upon receiving an emergency alert from their own area?

A

All Balancing authorities and Transmission Operators in their area.
Adjacent Reliability Coordinators

137
Q

EOP-011-2 R6
Each Reliability Coordinator experiencing a potential or actual Energy Emergency shall declare an _______

A

Energy Emergency Alert

138
Q

EOP-011-2 R7
Each Generator Owner shall implement and maintain one or more cold weather preparedness plans for generating units. These shall include:

Generator ______ protection measures

A

Freeze

139
Q

EOP-011-2 R7
Each Generator Owner shall implement and maintain one or more cold weather preparedness plans for generating units. These shall include:

______ inspection and maintenance of freeze protection measures

A

Annual

140
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
An Energy Emergency Alert (EEA) may be initiated only by a _______

A

Reliability Coordinator

141
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
If a Reliability Coordinator receives a request for an Energy Emergency Alert (EEA) they _____ issue an EEA alert if the request was valid.

A

must

142
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

When is EEA 1 declared?

A

All available generation is in use

143
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

When is EEA 2 declared?

A

Load Management procedures in effect

144
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

When is EEA 3 declared?

A

Firm Load interruption is imminent or in progress

145
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
The Balancing Authority is experiencing conditions where all available generation resources are committed to meet firm Load, firm transactions, and reserve commitments, and is concerned about sustaining its required Contingency Reserves.

A

EEA 1

146
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
The Balancing Authority is no longer able to provide its expected energy requirements and is an energy deficient Balancing Authority.

A

EEA 2

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
Non-firm wholesale energy sales (other than those that are recallable to meet reserve requirements) have been curtailed.

A

EEA 1

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
The Balancing Authority is no longer able to provide its expected energy requirements and is an energy deficient Balancing Authority.

A

EEA 2

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
An energy deficient Balancing Authority has just implemented its Operating Plan(s) to mitigate Emergencies.

A

EEA 2

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
An energy deficient Balancing Authority is still able to maintain minimum Contingency Reserve requirements.

A

EEA 2

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 2 energy deficient Balancing Authorities have the following responsibilities:
- Notifying other ________ and ___________

A

Balancing Authorities and Market participants

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 2 energy deficient Balancing Authorities have the following responsibilities:
- Notifying other ________ and ___________

A

Balancing Authorities and Market participants

147
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
The energy deficient Balancing Authority is unable to meet minimum Contingency Reserve Requirements

A

EEA 3

148
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 2 Reliability Coordinators have the following responsibilities:
- Posting the alert level and name of energy deficient Balancing Authority to RCIS website at upon ________

A

Request by deficient BA

149
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 2 Balancing Authorities have the following responsibilities:
- Updating status to Reliability coordinator every ______ hour(s)

A

One

150
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 2 Reliability Coordinators and Balancing Authorities have the following responsibilities:
- OTHER Reliability Coordinators and Balancing Authorities shall ___________

A

Share information on resource availability and coordinate relief as appropriate

151
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 2 Reliability Coordinators have the following responsibilities:
The Reliability Coordinator shall review Transmission outages and work with the ______ to see if it’s possible to ______ any Transmission Elements that may relieve the loading on System Operating Limits (SOLs) or Interconnection Reliability Operating Limits(IROLs).

A

Transmission Operators

Return to service

152
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
Before requesting an EEA 3, the energy deficient Balancing Authority must make use of all available resources; this includes, but is not limited to:

A

All available generation units are online

Activate Demand-Side Management withing provisions of any applicable agreements

153
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1

At what EEA Level is the following BA at:
The energy deficient Balancing Authority is unable to meet minimum Contingency Reserve Requirements

A

EEA 3

154
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 3, Reliability Coordinators and Balancing Authorities have the following responsibilities:

Reliability Coordinator shall evaluate the risks of revising ___ and ____ for the possibility of delivery of energy to the energy deficient Balancing Authority

A

System Operating Limits (SOLS) and Interconnect Reliability Operating Limits (IROLS)

155
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA3, who must agree before a Reliability Coordinator can authorize a reevaluation of a System Operating Limit (SOL) or Interconnect Reliability Operating Limit (IROL)?

A

Transmission Operator

156
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
During EEA 3, what must happen before a SOL or IROL can be revised?

A

Deficient Balancing Authority must have met all obligations, by taking whatever actions may be necessary to reduce risk to the interconnection. This may include load shedding.

157
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
When can an EEA level be downgraded below level 3?

A

When energy is made available to the energy deficient Balancing Authority such that conditions are returned to pre-emergency SOL or IROL condition.

158
Q

EOP-011-2 Attachment 1
When can an EEA level be downgraded to level 0?

A

When Balancing Authority can meet Load and Operating Reserve requirements

159
Q

FAC-008-5
On request, any Transmission Operator or Generator Operator shall provide information on equipment ratings to any Responsible Entity within:

A

30 days

160
Q

FAC-011-3 R1
SOLs shall not exceed ________ ratings

A

facility (equipment)

161
Q

INT-006-5 R1 / R2
Each Balancing Authority / Transmission Service Provider shall approve or deny each _____ Arranged Interchange or _____Arranged Interchange that it receives and shall do so prior to the expiration of the time period

A

On-time
Emergency

162
Q

INT-006-5 R1
Source and Sink Balancing Authority shall deny the Arranged Interchange or curtail Confirmed Interchange if they do no expect to be capable to support the _____ of the Interchange, including ____, throughout the duration of the Interchange

A

Magnitude

Ramping

163
Q

INT-006-5 R1
Each Balancing Authority shall deny the Arranged Interchange or curtail Confirmed Interchange if the scheduled path is _____

A

Invalid

164
Q

INT-006-5 R2
Each Transmission Service Provider shall deny the Arranged Interchange if the _____ path is invalid

A

Transmission

165
Q

INT-006-5 R3
Source and Sink Balancing Authorities shall approve or deny a _____ Adjustment Arranged Interchange within the time period

A

Reliability

166
Q

INT-009-3 R1
Each Balancing Authority shall agree with each of its Adjacent Balancing Authorities that its _____ Confirmed Interchange is:
-Identical in Magnitude
-_____ in sign

A

Composite

Opposite

167
Q

INT-009-3 R2
Each Balancing Authority which contains a High-Voltage DC tie shall coordinate the Confirmed Interchange with the __________ _______ prior to implementation

A

Transmission Operator

168
Q

IRO-001-4 R1
The Reliability Coordinator shall act to address the _______ of its area via direct action or by issuing ________

A

Reliability

Operating Instructions

169
Q

IRO-001-4 R2
Each Transmission Operator, Balancing Authority, Generator Operator, and Distribution Operator shall comply with Reliability Coordinator’s Instructions unless they cannot be _______ implemented or unless such actions violate ______, equipment, regulatory, or statutory requirements.

A

Physically

safety

170
Q

IRO-001-4 R3
Each Transmission Operator, Balancing Authority, Generator Operator, and Distribution Operator shall inform the Reliability Coordinator of _____ to perform Operating Instructions

A

Inability

171
Q

IRO-002-7 R2
Each Reliability Coordinator shall have data exchange capabilities, with ______ and _______ routed data exchange infrastructure within their primary control center.

A

Redundant

Diversely routed

172
Q

IRO-002-7 R2
Each Reliability Coordinator shall have redundant data exchange capabilities with which entities?

A

Its own Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities, along with anyone else it deems neccessary

173
Q

IRO-002-7 R3
Reliability Coordinator shall test it’s redundant data exchange capabilities every ____ calendar days. If unsuccessful it shall initiate corrective action in ______

A

90

2 hours

174
Q

IRO-002-7 R4
Each Reliability Coordinator shall provide its system operators with the authority to approve ________ and ______ of its telecommunication, monitoring, and analysis capabilities

A

planned outages and maintenance

175
Q

IRO-002-7 R5
Each Reliability Coordinator shall monitor Facilities, the status of _______ _______ Schemes, and necessary ____-____ facilities

A

Remedial Action Schemes

Non-BES facilities

176
Q

IRO-002-7 R5
Reliability Coordinator shall monitor facilities, RAS, and non-BES facilities within it’s area and the _____ area to identify ____ and _____ exceedances

A

Neighboring

SOL

IROL

177
Q

IRO-002-7 R6
Reliability Coordinators shall have _____ systems that provide information utilized by the RC’s operating personnel, giving particular emphasis to alarm and awareness sytems, automated data transfers, and synchronized information systems, over a _____ infrastructure.

A

Monitoring

Redundant

178
Q

IRO-006-5 R1
Each Reliability Coordinator and Balancing Authority that receives a requrest pursuant to a Transmission Loading Relief (TLR) procedure shall _______ unless ______

A

Comply with the request

Unless the complying affects reliability

179
Q

IRO-008-2 R1
Each Reliability Coordinator shall perform Operational Planning Analysis to allow it to assess whether the planned operations for the next day will _______

A

Exceed SOLs or IROLs

180
Q

IRO-008-2 R2
Each Reliability Coordinator shall _______ in the event next day planning identifies SOL or _____ exceedances

A

develop a plan (or procedure or process if you want to use those words. I just use plan because all those words really mean the same thing)

IROL

181
Q

IRO-008-2 R2
Reliability Coordinator operating plans should take into account next day plans given to the RC by _____ and ____

A

Transmission Operators and Balancing Authorities

182
Q

IRO-008-2 R3
Reliability Coordinators shall notify _______ identified in its operating plans

A

impacted entities

183
Q

IRO-008-2 R4
Reliability Coordinators shall ensure a real-time assessment is performed at least once every _____

A

30 minutes

184
Q

IRO-008-2 R5
Each RC shall notify _____ , _____ , and _____ when real-time assessments indicate actual or expected _____

A

Transmission operators, Balancing Authorities, and other RC

SOL or IROL exceedances

185
Q

IRO-008-2 R6
Each RC shall notify TO, BA, other RC when real-time assessments indicate previously identified SOL or IROL violations have been _______

A

prevented or mitigated

186
Q

IRO-009-2 R1
If during next-day planning the RC identifies IROL exceedances, the RC shall develop a plan:

-That can be implemented in time to prevent ______
-To mitigate the _______e and _________n of IROL exceedances such that the IROL exceedance is relieved within the IROL’s Tv

A

the IROL exceedance

Magnitude and Duration

187
Q

IRO-009-2 R2
RC shall actually implement their ______ to prevent the IROL _______

A

plan

exceedance

188
Q

IRO-009-2 R3
The RC shall act or _____ _____ ___ ____ so that the magnitude and duration of the IROL exceedance is fixed within the duration of IROL’s ____

A

Direct others to act

Tv

189
Q

IRO-009-2 R4

In the event two RC disagree on an IROL or its Tv they are required to use the _________ value

A

Most Limiting

190
Q

IRO-010-4 R1
RC shall have a document that specifies all data needed for planning and real-time monitoring / Analysis.
-This includes provisions for _______ of protective system problems and Remedial Action Scheme status changes, and reliability degradation.
- The ________ the data is required to arrive at, including ________ for data provided by others

A

Notification

Periodicity , Deadlines

191
Q

IRO-010-4 R2
RC shall distribute it’s data requirements / deadlines to _______

A

any entities they want data from

192
Q

IRO-010-4 R3
Any entity receiving a data request from the RC shall provide said data in a:

-_______ _________ format, process, and security protocol

A

Mutually agreeable

193
Q

IRO-014-3 R1
Adjacent RCs shall have plans in place for notification or coordination with each other. At a minimum the plan will include:
-Criteria and _______ for notification
- ________ shortages
- ________ of voltage
-Exchange of information including _____ and un______ outages
-Provisions for periodic communication

A

process
capacity
control
planned and unplanned outages

194
Q

IRO-014-3 R2
Each RC will update its Operating Procedures, Processes, Plans:
-Updated ______
-RC shall obtain written agreement with all other RC who is mentioned as taking _______
-Any RC mentioned above shall receive a copy within ______ of an update

A

Annually

Action

30 Days

195
Q

IRO-014-3 R3

Upon notification of an actual or expected emergency, the responsible RC will notify all other impacted ________

A

RC

196
Q

IRO-014-3 R4
In the event two RC disagree on the existence of an emergency, they shall ______

A

both act as if the emergency exists

197
Q

IRO-014-3 R5
In the event two RC disagree on an emergency status, are both required to develop a plan to mitigate the emergency?

A

No. The RC who called the emergency has to make a mitigation plan if the two disagree.

198
Q

IRO-014-3 R6
Two RC disagree on the emergency status.
Both are in Emergency operation mode.
The emergency calling RC has developed the plan to mitigate the emergency.
Are both required to follow the plan that was developed?

A

Yes, unless the plan violates safety, equipment, NERC, etc etc

199
Q

IRO-014-3 R7

If an RC requests aid from another RC, are they required to help?

A

Yes, provided the requesting RC has declared an emergency and no safety, NERC, etc etc is violated.

200
Q

IRO-018-1 R1
Each RC shall develop a process to address the _______y of real-time data.

A

quality

201
Q

IRO-018-1 R1
Each RC shall have a process to evaluate data quality. This shall specify:
-______ for evaluating data quality
-Provisions to __________ quality to the operator
-_______ to correct issues with data quality

A

Criteria
Indicate
Actions

202
Q

TOP-001-5 R1/R2
Each Transmission Operator and Balancing Authority shall act to maintain _____ of its AOR via own actions or ______ ______

A

Reliability

Operating Instructions

203
Q

TOP-001-5 R3/R4
Each BA, GO, DistP shall _____ with Transmission Operator’s Operating Instructions unless safety/reliability/etc.

Those above shall _____ the TO if they cannot comply

A

comply

inform

204
Q

TOP-001-5 R5/R6
Each TO, GO, DistP shall _____ with BA’s Operating Instructions unless safety/reliability/etc.

Those above shall _____ the BA if they cannot comply

A

Comply

Inform

205
Q

TOP-001-5 R7
Each Transmission Operator shall assist other Transmission Operators within its Reliability Coordinator Area, if requested and able, provided that the requesting Transmission Operator has implemented its comparable _____, unless such assistance cannot be physically implemented or would violate safety, equipment, regulatory, or statutory requirements.

A

Emergency Procedures

206
Q

TOP-001-5 R8

TO shall inform RC and BA if they expect or experience an _______

A

Emergency

207
Q

TOP-001-5 R9

BA and TO shall inform RC and other known impacted interconnected entities of planned outages and unplanned outages of ___ minutes or more of metering, control, monitoring, assessing, or communication equipment.

A

30

208
Q

TOP-001-5 R10

TO shall monitor and obtain data to determine SOL ____

A

exceedances

209
Q

TOP-001-5 R12
TO shall not operatre outside IROL in excess of ____

A

IROL Tv

210
Q

TOP-001-5 R11
BA shall monitor area, including Remedial Action Scheme (RAS) status to maintaion ______-______-_____ balance

A

Generation-Load-Interchange

211
Q

TOP-001-5 R13
TO shall perform a real-time assessment at least once every

A

30 minutes

212
Q

TOP-001-5 R14
TO shall initiate its ____ _____ to mitigate a SOL exceedance

A

Operating Plan

213
Q

TOP-001-5 R15
TO shall inform the ______ of actions taken to mitigate a SOL

A

RC

214
Q

TOP-001-5 R16/17
Just like the RC, a BA and TO will be given the authority to ____ planned outages and maintenance of metering, control, assessment, and communication equipment.

A

Approve

215
Q

TOP-001-5 R18
TO shall operate to the ___ ___ parameter in instances where SOLs mismatch

A

Most Limiting

216
Q

TOP-001-5 R20 R 23
Just like they have with the RC, a BA and TO shall have _____ exchange capabilities with _______ and diversely routed infrastructure between each others control centers

A

data

redundant

217
Q

TOP-001-5 R21 R24

Just like the RC, a BA and TO will test their redundant data every ____ days and take corrective action within ___ hours if redundancy fails

A

90 days

2 hours

218
Q

TOP-002-4 R1
TO shall have _____ _____ that will allow it to assess if planned operations for next-day will exceed any _____

A

Operations Planning
SOL

219
Q

TOP-001-5 R2
In the event next-day planning show a SOL exceedance, the TO will develop a _____ to address the violation

A

plan

220
Q

TOP-001-5 R3
TO shall notify other ______ that need to take action on an operations plan to mitigate a SOL

A

entities

221
Q

TOP-001-5 R4
BA shall have a plan for next-day operations to address:
-Expected _______ dispatch commitments
- _______ schedules
-________ patterns
-__________ reserves

A

Generation
Interchange
Demand
Capacity

222
Q

TOP-001-5 R5
BA shall notify other _______ of their role in plans

A

entities

223
Q

TOP-001-5 R6/7
TO/BA shall provide copies of their next-day plans to the ____

A

RC

224
Q

TOP-003-5 R1 R2
BA/TO shall have a document containing:
-A list of _____ needed for planning and real-time analysis
-How operators will be ________ of protection system operation, RAS operation, and reliability degradation
-_______ of data required

A

data
notified
periodicity

225
Q

TOP-001-5 R3 R4
BA/TO will distribute their data specifications to _____ entities who need to provide said data. _____ entities are required to comply with said ‘request’ in a:
-_____ agreeable format, process, security protocol

A

all

all

mutually

226
Q

TOP-010-1 R1 R2 R3
BA/TO shall create and implement an operating process to address the ______y of data needed. Process shall include:
-______ for evaluating data
-How the System Operator will be ______ of data deficiencies
-_______ the System Operator shall take to address data issues

A

quality

criteria

notified

actions

227
Q

TOP-010-1 R4
TO/BA shall have an _____ that notifies the System Operators when a failure in the Real-Time monitor process has failed

A

alarm

228
Q

TOP-010-1 Supplemental
Real-time monitoring of the BES is the _____ function of the RC,BA,TO

A

primary

NERC 2023 (2 decks)

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