Nephrology

Question 1

What are the indications for dialysis

Answer 1

Persistent N/V
Pericarditis
Fluid overload
Uremia encephalopathy, accelerated HTN
Bleeding due to uremia
Serum creating > 12
Severe abnormal electrolyte imbalance
Pericarditis
Pulmonary edema
Hyperkalemia and acidosis unresponsive to treatment

Question 2

Describe the stages of chronic kidney disease

Answer 2

Stage GFR. Comments

1. > 90ml/1.73. Evidence of kidney damage, GFR nil
2. 60-89. Mild decline
3. 30-59. Moderate decline
4. 15-29. Severe
5. <15. End stage

Question 3

Autosomal polycyclic kidney disease is associated with what medical problems

Answer 3

Liver cyst
Cerebral aneurysm
Colonic diverticula
Cardiac valvular disease

Question 4

What are the indications for dialysis and patience with AkI

Answer 4

Metabolic acidosis pH <7.1, refractory to bicarb
Volume overload, keto acidosis

Uremia, pericarditis, neuropathy, encephalopathy and altered mental status

Fluid overload
Refractory hyperkalemia
Poisonimgs