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Nefrologia > Nephrolithiasis > Flashcards

Nephrolithiasis Flashcards

1
Q

Prevalence:

A

3%

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2
Q

Rate of recurrence in the first year:

A

10%

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3
Q

Rate of recurrence in 5 years:

A

35%

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4
Q

Rate of recurrence in 10 years:

A

50-60%

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5
Q

Genre most affected:

A

Male

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6
Q

Age most affected:

A

20-40 years old

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7
Q

Personal and Family history, Low water intake, Acid urine, Gout, HAS and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection:

A

Risk Factors

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8
Q

Composition of 70-80% of the Kidney stones:

A

Calcium salts

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9
Q

Calcium salts:

A

Calcium oxalate and fosfate

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10
Q

Types of Calcium oxalate:

A

Monohydrate and Dihydrate

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11
Q

Composition of 10-20% of the Kidney stones:

A

Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate)

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12
Q

Kidney stones related with urease producing bacteria:

A

Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate)

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13
Q

Composition of 5-10% of the Kidney stones:

A

Uric Acid

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14
Q

Medullary Sponge Kidney, Horseshoe kidney and Pyelocalyceal duplicity:

A

Anatomic alterations related to formation fo kidney stones

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15
Q

Nucleation Inhibitors:

A

Water intake, Citrate and Magnesium

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16
Q

Physiological points of constriction of the ureter:

A

Pelvi-ureteric junction, Middle of the ureter and Ureterovesical junction

17
Q

Renal colic duration:

A

20-60min

18
Q

Severe lumbar/flank pain radiating to the groin or testicle, Nausea and vomiting, Tachicardia and Hypertension and Hematuria:

A

Renal colic

19
Q

Flank pain with Giordano+:

A

Kidney stone in the pelvi-ureteric junction

20
Q

Flank pain radiating to the ipsilateral groin or testicle:

A

Kidney stone in the middle of the ureter

21
Q

Dysuria, polaciuria and urethral pain with Giordano+-:

A

Ureterovesical junction

22
Q

Hematuria in Nephrolithiasis:

A

90%

23
Q

Progressive hydronephrosis suggests:

A

Obstruction

24
Q

Staghorn calculus always need:

A

Interventional therapy

25
Q

Renal colic ddx:

A

Appendicitis, Diverticulitis and Renal infarction

26
Q

First line Image exam:

A

Non contrast CT scan

27
Q

Second line Image exam:

A

Urinary ultrasound scan

28
Q

Radiolucent calculi to Simple Rx:

A

Uric acid calculi

29
Q

Uric acid calculi at CT scan:

A

Can be visualized

30
Q

Pregnant image exam:

A

Urinary ultrasound scan

Nefrologia (3 decks)

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