Nephro Flashcards
Phospholipase a2 receptor antigen test positive in primary membranous nephropathy, negative in secondary membranous nephropathy
Membranous nephropathy increase risk of blood clot when albumin less than 2.8
Esrd increase risk for renal cell carcinoma with multiple cysts
Tolvaptan is approved for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Ppi can cause hypomagnesemia
Dm2 can have mild hypomagnesemia due to insulin resistance and sglt2 inhibitor cause increase magnesium level
Surreptitious diuretic use can cause metabolic alkalosis
Treatment of severe hypermagnesemia in esrd by calcium carbonate and hemodialysis
If normal kidney function, can use furosemide
Topiramate can cause both type 1 and type 2 Renal tubular acidosis
Renal percutaneous angioplasty done when
Short duration of htn
Atherosclerotic Reno vascular disease refractory to medical therapy
Severe htn or recurrent flash pulmonary edema
Aki following use of acei or arb
Progressive impaired kidney disease due to bilateral renovascular disease or unilateral affect one kidney
Ifosfamide can cause fanconi syndrome
Mesna can prevent hemorrhagic cystitis and bladder cancer from cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide
Calcitriol should not be used in non dialysis dependent patient because risk of calcium overload, just use on esrd on dialysis
Calcium based binder are calcium carbonate and calcium acetate
Non calcium based binder are sevelamer and lanthanum
Cinacalcet a calcimimetic that decrease pth level us pda approved for pt who are undergo dialysis
First line treatment of iga nephropathy is acei
Bartter syndrome looks like furosemide effect
Gitelman syndrome look like thiazide diuretic
Liddle syndrome looks like amiloride or triamterene effect
Clopidogrel can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome
In salicylate toxicity, can caue res alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis and acidosis. Maintain serum ph 7.5-7.55 to avoid salicylic acid in the brain
Hemodialysis is used when salicylate level is higher 90
Patient with fibromusculsr dysplasia should have at least one time assessment for intracranial aneurysm with brain cta or mra
There is no fda approved drug for calciphylaxis but often use calcimimetic to suppress parathyroid hormone. Sometime use thiosulfate, an anti inflammatory agent can be used
Use dexamethasone cause catabolic effect and increase urea causing urea diuresis. Treat with increase water and decrease dexa dose
The differential diagnosis of rapid progressive GN is divided histologically into three patterns on immunofluorescence microscopy of the kidney biopsy like???
Pauci immune staining ANCA-mediated GN
Linear staining anti GBM GN
Granular staining Lupus nephritis
Treatment of igg4 related disease is prednisone
Igg4 on kidney cause lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltrate on kidney biopsy
Acid uric kidney stone is radiolucent
Treatment for tumor lysis syndrome with rasburicase because faster than allopurinol and febuxostat
Urine alkalization can promote a favorable environment for precipitation of calcium phosphate
Fabry disease is x linked disease
Hereditary nephritis Alport syndrome is x linked disease 85% and autosomal recessive pattern 15%
Iv iron can cause hypophosphatemia due to increase fibroblast growth factor 23 with cause phosphaturia and decrease 1-hydroxylation of vit D
Hiv cause fsgs
Hbv cause membranous nephropathy
Hcv cause cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Ethylene glycol and methanol and isopropyl alcohol cause increase osmolar gap
Migraine without aura: at least five headache attacks lasting 4-72 hours, at least 4 migraines characteristic as unilateral location, pulsating quality, inhibit or prohibit daily activities, aggravating by walking up or down stairs or similar routine physical activity. And at least one associated symptoms like nausea vomiting photophobia phonophobia. Not be accounted for by another diagnosis
Treatment hyperkalemia by patiromer, sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, a potassium binder
Mycophebolate mofetil is teratogenic, can switch to azathioprine because safer
