Nephro

Question 1

Inappropriately dilute urine (<300 mOsm/kg) and hypernatremia

Answer 1

Diabetes insipidus; nephrogenic if no response after water restriction or giving desmopressin; central if urine concentrates after giving desmopressin

Question 2

Most common cause of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Answer 2

Lithium

Question 3

What vaccine should patients age 19-64 with ESRD and dialysis get?

Answer 3

Pneumococcal

Question 4

Microscopic UA finding in acute glomerulonephritis; type in kids after episode of pharyngitis or impetigo; treatment?; not prevented with antecedent antibiotics (true or false)

Answer 4

RBC casts; PSGN; supportive treatment and thiazide/loop diuretic to manage BP and edema; true

Question 5

what medication is first line for prevention of recurring calcium containing kidney stones?

Answer 5

potassium citrate; other agents that can help prevent stones are HCTZ and allopurinol