Nephritic syndrome (Acute Glomerulonephritis)

Question 1

What are the features of Nephritic syndrome?

Answer 1

Macro or Micro haematuria
Proteinuria causing oedema
HTN
Oligouria, progressive renal impairment

Question 2

What are the causes of Nephritic syndrome?

Answer 2

Proliferative/Post streptococcal
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis - Goodpastures
SLE
IgA nephropathy
Henoch–Schönlein purpura

Question 3

What are the features of Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Answer 3

Child develops smoky urine 1-2 weeks post sore throat or skin infection
Malaise
Nephritic syndrome
Decrease in C3
Increase in antistreptolysin O titre (ASOT)
IgG and C3 desposition in biopsy

Question 4

What are the different types of Rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis?

Answer 4

Type 1 - Anti GBM eg Goodpastures
Type 2 - Immune complex deposition eg SLE, IgA nephropathy
Type 3 - Pauci Immune eg Wegners, Churg-Strauss

Question 5

What is Anti GBM rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis?

Answer 5

Goodpastures
Antibodies to collegen IV
Haemoptysis, haematuria
CXR shows infiltrates
Give plasmapheresis and immnosuppressants