Nephritic syndrome Flashcards
Definition for nephritic syndrome
Inflammation in the glomeruli
Clincal features involved:
HTN
Haematuria
Mild proteinuria
Mild odema.
General symptoms of nephritic syndrome
Haematuria
Mild oedema
Oliguria
Fatgiue, pruritis, nausea
Ig A nephropathy pathology + mangement.
IgA bonds w sugars that are antigenic.
Recognised by autoantibodies
Immune complexes lodges in glomerulus.
Tx
Steroids + immunosupression
IgA nephropathy - presentation + investigation
1-2 days after resp infection (post resp infection)
Haematuria (visible or non visible)
Rash - henoch-schonlein purpura.
- mesanigal depositis of IgA in biopsy.
Post- infectious glomerulonephritis - presentation + investigation
2-3wks post Group A strep infection.
Presents nephritic picture.
Ix:
Low C3, normal C4.
Biopsy - IgG + c3 deposition in epithelial and mesangial cells.
Post strep glomerulonephritis- pathology + management
immune complex (IgG, IgM and C3) deposition in the glomeruli.
Supportive care
Goodpasture disease (Anti-GBM). - Pathology + management
Anitbodies boound to type IV collagen found in glomerular and alveolar basement membranes.
Immunosuppression +- plasma exchange.
Goodpasture disease - investigation + presentation
- crescents on biopsy / focal necrotising glomerulonephritis
- AKI + pulmonary haemorrhage.
Alport disease - what is it + management?
X linked disease (most common) causing glomerulonephritis and deafness due to mutation in type 4 collagen
Tx - dialysis + renal transplant.
ANCA vasculitis - presentation
- rapidly progressive GN
- upper and lower airways features w c-ANCA.
ANCA vaculitis (granulomatosis w polyangitis) - Mangement?
Corticosteroids + cyclophosphamide
Henoch- scholein purpura presentation
*Commoner in children
*Purpuric rash - butttocks + flexor surfaces of upper and lower limbs
*Polyarthritis
*Abdo pain
