Neoplasms of Bone

Question 1

Conditions that describes by the following.

• Usually limited to the confines of the bone
• Well-demarcated edges
• Surrounded by a thin rim of sclerotic bone
• Grow slowly and do not spread
• Weaken bone and compress other tissues

Answer 1

Benign Bone Tumours

Question 2

What are the common types of benign bone tumor?

Answer 2

• osteoma
• chondroma
• osteochondrom
• giant cell tumour

Question 3

The most common benign skeletal tumour [20%]. Can be sessile or pedunculated: usually attached to bone by a bony stalk. Usually cartilage capped. Adolescents affected primarily. Grows during growth phases from the cartilage plate. Can remove if necessary.

Answer 3

Osteochondroma [Exostosis]

Question 4

Fluid-filled lesion that is asymptomatic, most common affects the Upper humerus or femur . Pathological function may lead to fracture. Treatment includes aspiration, curettage and bone chips or steroid injection.

Answer 4

Solitary (unicameral) bone cyst

Question 5

A small, painful lesion of bone composed of osseous tissue (the nidus) and surrounded by a halo of reactive bone formation. Can be compact or spongy bone. Found on the surface of long bone, flat bone, or the skull.

Answer 5

Osteoma

Question 6

Type of bone tumour that is rare before age 10, grow rapidly and extend beyond the confines of the bone with Ill-defined edges.

Answer 6

Malignant Bone Tumours

Question 7

What are the two most common forms of bone cancer in
children and young adults?

Answer 7

Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma

Question 8

Bone cancer that is most common between 20-50 years of age.

Answer 8

Chondrosarcoma

Question 9

What are the three most common types of malignant bone tumours?

Answer 9

1. Osteosarcoma
2. Chondrosarcoma
3. Ewing Sarcoma

Question 10

Most common primary malignant bone tumour (20%)

Answer 10

Osteosarcoma (Osteogenic sarcoma)

Question 11

Characteristics of Osteosarcoma. Which is not included?

1. Osteogenic sarcoma
2. When in older persons, usually due to Paget’s or radiation exposure
3. Usually around the knee or shoulder
4. Commonly spread to lymph nodes, or local soft tissues
5. Symptoms are deep localized pain and swelling in the affected bone with night-time awakening
6. Treated by radiotherapy, and antiviral drugs

Answer 11

not included: 6

Question 12

A group of small, round cell, undifferentiated tumours thought to be of neural crest origin. Most commonly found in early teen years.

Answer 12

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 13

What are the symptoms of Ewing Sarcoma?

Answer 13

Symptoms of pain, limited movement, and tenderness are often accompanied by systemic manifestations of fever or weight loss.

Question 14

Common metastases of Ewing Sarcoma.

Answer 14

lungs, or bone marrow

Question 15

What are the areas usually affected with Ewing sarcoma?

Answer 15

Usually affects the femur or pelvis

Question 16

Second most common primary malignant bone tumour
That is Cartilaginous in origin. Occur mostly after age 40, Which spread slowly and usually painless.

Answer 16

Chondrosarcoma

Question 17

What is the treatment of Chonrosarcoma?

Answer 17

Surgical excision

(preferred over radiation therapy )

Question 18

What is the treatment of Ewing Sarcoma?

Answer 18

Treated by chemo and surgery

Question 19

What race rarely affected with Ewing Sarcoma?

Answer 19

Rare in black or Asian children