Neoplasms Flashcards
Where does epithelial originate
exterior and inferior body surfaces and glandular ducts
Epithelial:
name for benign
name for malignant
benign: papillomas or adenomas (glandular)
malignant: carcinomas
Where does non-epithelial originate?
CT, muscle, nervous tissue
non-epithelial:
name for benign
name for malignant
benign: name of tissue cell origin - oma
malignant: sarcoma
What is cancer in blood and bone marrow called
leukemias and myelodysplasias
cancer in plasma cells of bone marrow
multiple myeloma
Cancer in lymphocytes (T&B cells) in lymph nodes and vessels
What are the common ones and the difference between them?
lymphoma
non-hodgkin (more common)
hodgkin (reed-sternberg cells)
Explain the cell cycle
G0 - resting, halt proliferation
G1 - cell grows, makes mRNA and protein needed for DNA synthesis
S - DNA synthesis (replication
G2 - pre mitosis, synthesis of cellular structures
M - mitosis
What is Tumor suppressor and is active in what cell cycle phase?
G1 before S
glow the growth
What is DNA repair and is active in what cell cycle phase?
G2 before mitosis
fix damages DNA (BRCA)
What does proto-oncogene do and what happens when its mutated
cell growth and division
uncontrolled growth (HER2)
What are the stages of tumor development
mutation, hyperplasia, dysplasia, in situ, invasive
__: increased number of cells, look normal but growing faster
hyperplasia
__: presence of abnormal cells, increased risk of developing cancer
dysplasia
__: alteration in the epithelium (carcinoma) may become cancer, hasnt penetrated the basal membrane
in situ
