Bowel and Bladder & Other stuff

Question 1

what muscle contracts to expel urine out of the bladder

Answer 1

Detruser

Question 2

what structure in the brain integrates input from other brain areas and coordinates emptying through efferent paths to PNS, SNS, somatic neurons in SC

Answer 2

Pons

Question 3

What is the PNS (S2-S4) responsible for with urination

Answer 3

elimination

Question 4

what happens when the bladder is filled
___ reflex activated –> detrusor __ –> urethra __
What system is responsible?

Answer 4

the stretch reflex is activated –> detrusor contracts –> urethra relaxes
PNS

Question 5

What is the SNS (T11 - L2) responsible for with urination

Answer 5

storage

Question 6

when we want to store urine
detrusor__ –> urethra is __
What system is responsible?

Answer 6

detrusor relaxes and urethra is contracted
SNS

Question 7

What system is responsible for brain control of storage and elimination

Answer 7

Somatic motor neurons in SC (S2-S4)

Question 8

external sphincter is __ for storage
external sphincter is __ for elimination

Answer 8

contracted
relaxed

Question 9

UMN and LMN is considered by what levels

Answer 9

UMN: above t12
LMN: T12 and below

Question 10

UMN is (reflexive or a-reflexive) voiding?
LMN?

Answer 10

UMN: reflexive
LMN: a-reflexive

Question 11

how often should someone cath for UMN and LMN

Answer 11

both every 4 hours

Question 12

can FES for bladder management be used for above T12 or T12 and below?

Answer 12

above T12 (UMN)

Question 13

The intrinsic (Enteric System) is responsible for what part of BM

Answer 13

peristalsis, brings poo to anus

Question 14

what levels are PNS and SNS?
What do they control with BM?

Answer 14

PNS (S2-S4) - elimination
SNS (T12-L2) - storage

Question 15

During Spinal shock peristalsis slows which would result in ___ bowel sounds

Answer 15

no

Question 16

Reflexive UMN bowel vs a-reflexive LMN bowel?
who has S2-S4 in and who has it out?

Answer 16

above T12: S2-S4 intact stretch reflex when filled
T12 and below: S2-S4 out, stool just sits

Question 17

Bowel Program frequency

Answer 17

same time everyday or every other day

Question 18

bladder and bowel complications

Answer 18

bladder: UTI, kidney failure
bowel: impaction, megacolon (dilation), ileus (no parastalsis), diverticulitis

Question 19

What are the 2 kinds of erections, what system controls them?

Answer 19

psychogenic: both SNS and PNS
reflexive: PNS

Question 20

what SC levels are PNS and SNS in sexual functioning

Answer 20

PNS: S2-S4
SNS: T11-L2

Question 21

during emission, semen reaches ___ and is moved by contraction of ___

Answer 21

posterior urethra
vas deferens

Question 22

what is emmision is controlled by
1.
2.
3.

Answer 22

1. supraspinal centers
2. sacral PNS (S2-S4
3. Thoracolumbar (T11-L2)

Question 23

ejaculation is controlled by __ reflex

Answer 23

somatic sacral reflex (S2-S4)

Question 24

in UMN injury what is intact for sexual functioning
in LMN injury what is not intact

Answer 24

sacral cord intact
lax anal sphincter tone, absent bulbocavernous relfex

Question 25

UMN lesion above T12-L1 do they psychogenic and reflexogenic erection

Answer 25

psycho - no reflex - yes

Question 26

LMN lesion L2-S1 do they have psychogenic and reflexogenic erection

Answer 26

psycho: yes (b/w T12 - L1) no (b/w S2-S4) reflex: yes

Question 27

LMN lesion S2-S4 do they have psychogenic and refexogenic erection

Answer 27

psycho: yes (T12-L1) no (b/w S2-S4) reflex: no

Question 28

what level is sacral loop intact and absent

Answer 28

Intact: L2-S1 absent: S2-S4

Question 29

What level is most successful for sexual functioning

Answer 29

LMN L2-S1

Question 30

what is the PLISSIT model

Answer 30

Permission Limited Info Specific Suggestions Intensive Therapy

Question 31

What classifies a UMN vs LMN injury

Answer 31

UMN: damage up to ant horn LMN: damage to ant horn and below

Question 32

What are the levels of sympathetic outflow to the heart its going to: vaso__ __ HR

Answer 32

T1-T5 vasoconstrict inc HR

Question 33

What nerve provides parasympathetic outflow to the heart its going to: vaso__ __ HR

Answer 33

vagus nerve vasodilate dec HR

Question 34

we are concerned with autonomic dysreflexia with what level SCIs

Answer 34

T5 and above

Question 35

Some with an injury T5 and above will have what resting symptoms? why?

Answer 35

bradycardia, vasodilation below the level of the lesion, they lose SNS connection so PNS is dominating

Question 36

with autonomic dysreflexia you have __ below the lesion and __ above the lesion

Answer 36

sympathetic below parasympathetic above