Neonatology 👶🏻 Flashcards by Fatima Meftah

Which is cause of jaundice in first day of life
A. Physiological
B. ABO hemolysis
C. SCA
D. Hypothyroidism

B. ABO hemolysis

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14 days old FTVD you noticed he is jaundice, he is feeding and growing well:

A. Breast milk jaundice
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Hemolysis
D. Sepsis

A. Breast milk jaundice 🍼🤱🏻

Within 7 days: Breast feeding jaundice
Within 14 days: Breast milk jaundice

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The rooting reflex disappears by […] months

4 months 👄

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Stepping reflex disappears by […] months

2 months 👣

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Moro reflex […]
Palmar grasp […]
Plantar grasp […]

👼🏻6
✊🏻3
🦶🏻6

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Large hemangioma over the eyelid:
A. Referral to opthalmo
B. Reassure as it disappears by 5 years
C. Tell mother it’ll get worse
D. Steroid

A. Referral to opthalmo
1st line tx: Propranolol

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Pregnant at 39 weeks now in labor, during delivery you noticed the amniotic fluid is mixed with dark black-green. What is the cause of this color?

A. Fetal aspiration
B. Fetal distress
C. Placenta abruption
D. Preterm pabor

B. Fetal distress

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Newborn with poor feeding. Which is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis?
A. Positive swap for staph epidermis
B. ROM for 12 hrs
C. Preterm babies
D. Cessation section

C. Preterm babies

🚨Risk for neonatal sepsis
Preterm • IUGR • ROM >18 hrs • Swap +ve GBS • Maternal fever • Chorioaminionitis

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Baby born by CS He is preterm 27 weeker. Now has Respiratory distress. Etiology:
A. Hyaline membrane disease
B. Meconium aspiration
C. Transient tachypnea of newborn
D. Congenital heart disease

A. Hyaline membrane disease

Preterm
Surfactant deficiency
L/S <2 or baby of DM mom
CXR: ground glass

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38 weeks CS baby with tachycardia, tachypnea, and grunting
CXR: fluid on lung fissure. Etiology:
A. Transient tachypnea of newborn
B. Meconium aspiration
C. Sepsis
D. ARDS

A. Transient tachypnea of newborn

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A baby delivered with meconium aspiration and admitted to PICU
Pre-ductal oxygen (hands) 85% , post-ductal oxygen (legs) 74%. Best action

A. Nitric oxide
B. Surfactant
C. Bicarbonate
D. Antibiotics

A. Nitric oxide

10% difference O2 sat = Pulmonary HTN
Tx: Nitric oxide / Sildenafil
Meconium aspiration suppress surgactant » Tx: O2 & Surfactant

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Which of the following most common type of CP in preterm babies:
A. Quaderplegia
B. Diplegia
C. Monoplegia
D. Hemiplegia

B. Diplegia
Both arms or both legs

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A baby born with low APGAR not responding to initial resuscitation. Best way to prevent CP:

A. Mechanical ventilation
B. Hypothermia
C. Antibiotics
D. Steroid

B. Hypothermia

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FTVD newborn of DM mom with Respiratory distress and desating. Mx:

A. Intubation & MV
B. ICU, monitor RBS & observation
C. Cardiac echo
D. Oxygen 100%

B. ICU, monitor RBS & observation

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When to give anti-D for baby as prophylaxis
A. Within 72 hrs after delivery
B. During delivery
C. After 7 days of birth
D. Last 2 weeks of pregnancy

A. Within 72 hrs after delivery

Anti-D Ig
☑️ GA week 28
☑️ 72 hrs postpartum

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Newborn with microcephaly & hepatosplenomegaly. Best investigation:
A. Chromosomal
B. Congenital infection screening
C. Metabolic screening
D. Culture

B. Congenital infection screening

TOURCH
🔹Micocephaly
🔹Cataract (rubella)
🔹Hepatosplenomegaly
🔹Brain calcification (CMV / Toxo)
🔹Jaundice
🔹Congenital heart disease
🔹Congenital nephrotic syndrome

NICU child suddenly developed distress with absent breath sounds. Where to place the butterfly needle?

A. 2nd intercostal space
B. 3rd intercostal space
C. 4th intercostal space
D. 5th intercostal space

A. 2nd intercostal space
“Tension Pneumothorax”

Pediatric newborn with purulent eye discharge, Culture showed G -ve diploccoci. Tx:
A. Topical antibiotics
B. Observation
C. IV cephalosporin
D. IV doxycyclin

C. IV cephalosporin

Day 1 : silver nitrate
Day 1-5: Nesseria » Ceftriaxone
Day 5-14 : Chlamydia » erythromycin

Premature newborn present with abdominal distention and air in bowel wall. Dx:
A. Intussception
B. Necrotizing Enterocolitis
C. Duodenal atresia
D. Pyloric stenosis

B. Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Cyanotic newborn with scaphoid abdomen. Heart sounds identified in the right side only. Most likely Dx:
A. Dextocardia with sinus inversus
B. TGA
C. Diaphragmatic hernia
D. Hiatal hernia

C. Diaphragmatic hernia

Treatment of G+ meningitis in newborn:
A. Ampicillin
B. Doxycyclin
C. Ceftriaxone
D. Vancomycin

A. Ampicillin

Ampi + Genta + Cefotaxime
“Ampicillin” cover GBS + Listeria
“Gentamycin & Cefotaxime” cover G-

Prevent infection for small babies during examination by:
A. Wear gloves
B. Gown
C. Hand wash
D. Mask

C. Hand wash

Treatment of neonate with APGAR 3:
A. Chest expansion
B. Ventilation
C. IVF
D. No need for intervention

B. Ventilation

In neonate what causative organism of meningitis?
A. Listeria
B. S. pneumo
C. Staph aureus
D. N. meningitidis

A. Listeria

Meningitis in pediatrics
<3 mo: Listeria, E.coli, group D strep
>3 mo: S.pneumo, H.influenza, Neisseria

Calculate APGAR HR 120, breath irregular & gasping, acrocyanotic, cough & grimace, only flexing limbs: […]

**7** Appearance 2: 🩷 1: acrocyanosis 0: 🩵 Pulse 2: >100 1: <100 0: 🚫 Grimace 2: cough/sneeze 1: grimace 0: 🚫 Activity (tone) 2: Active 1: flexed 0: 🚫 Resp 2: crying 1: irregular 0: 🚫

In multiple gestation what increase mortality & morbidity? A. Prematurity B. Instrumental delivery C. Cessarian D. Jaundice

A. Prematurity

Infant has congenital heart block, mild PDA, platelets low. His mother has: A. Rubella B. SLE C. Metabolic disease D. Sepsis

**B. SLE** Rubella: PDA SLE: heart block +/- PDA, rash, low plt

Infant of Diabetic mother advised to be on a high concentration glucose (20%) what is the expected route of glucose delivery? A. NGT B. OGT C. Central line D. Peripheral line

**C. Central line** Maximum glc concentration can be given in peripheral line is 12.5%

10 days old neonate I/E: tuft of hair in his lower back. What investigation you should order now? A. US B. CT C. MRI D. CSF

C. MRI “Spina bifida”

4 days old neonate with cyanosis. His Hbg: 214 Hct: 75% .. management: A. Partial exchange transfusion B. Oxygenation C. Hydration & monitoring D. No treatment needed

**C. Hydration & monitoring** Neonatal polycythemia #1: Hydration #2: partial ExTx # definitive: treat the cause

A neonate found to have generalized petechial rash & intracranial hemorrhage immediately after delivery. His Hb low, Plt 4, all other labs are normal. Mother’s plt normal. Most likely diagnosis: A. ITP B. Alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) C. Congenital thrombocytopenia D. Congenital CMV infection

**B. Alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT)** Tx: platelet Subsequent pregnancies give mother IVIG & steroid

Finding of nasal depress on newborn examination. Next step : A. Chromosomal test B. TORCH test C. Blood culture D. C1

**A. Chromosomal test** Dysmorphic features » Chromosomal test Hypoglc / Met Acid » Metabolic screen Hepatosplenomegaly / Cataract » TORCH

Case of neonate after venus there is bulging in head under periosteum within line of head sutures. Dx: A. Cephalohematoma B. Subgleal bleeding C. Interventricular hemorrhage D. Subarachnoid hemorrhage

**A. Cephalohematoma** • Do not cross sutures = Cephalohematoma • Cross suture lines= Caput succedaneum • Subgleal hematoma : severe, cross suture, + shock !!