Neonatalogy

Question 1

Define neonatal period

Answer 1

4 weeks after birth

Question 2

Incidence of congenital heart disease

Answer 2

8 per 1000 births

Question 3

what is the most common congenital lesion

Answer 3

VSD

Question 4

List cyanotic and ascyanotic congenital heart defects

Answer 4

Cyanotic

• Fallots
• TGA

Ascyanotic

• VSD
• ASD
• PDA
• AS/coarc
• PS

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Question 5

Which congenital heart defects, most commonly, present in the neonatal period

Answer 5

It depends on how severe the defect is, but here are some duct dependent lesions that would present as ductus arteriosis closes, listed from most common to least:

• Pulmonary stenosis
• TGA
• Coarctiation of aorta/stenosis

Question 6

Risk factors for getting a GBS infection

Answer 6

• Mother diagnosed late in pregnancy
• Prematurity
• Fever during labour
• Prolonged rupture of membranes and birth
• Previous baby with GBS
• Maternal chorioamnionitis (intra-amniotic infection)

Question 7

Management of GBS mums and their babies

Answer 7

Antenatal

• Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) to mum
• If urine is GBS +ve given treatment at time of diagnosis not indicated for vaginal/rectal
• IAP not needed in c-section if membranes have not ruptured
• Once membranes ruptured induction is recommended at 37w

Postnatal

• Seems like babies are only given antiobiotics in neonate period if they show signs or test positive for infection
• Just say would ask consultant