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Neonatal Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Respiratory distress syndrome prevention

A

Betadexamethasone

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2
Q

Vaginal adhesions in neonate

A

Apply topical estrogen or beclomethasone x 5-10 d

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3
Q

Prevention therapy for Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)

A

Prenatal and Postnatal:

  • Betamethasone
  • Surfactant
  • Indomethacin
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4
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

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5
Q

Need to maintain patency of ductus arteriosus (usually in congenital heart defect)

A

Alprostadil (prostaglandin E1 inhibitor)

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6
Q

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (4)

4 abx combos?

A
  1. Stop feeding
  2. NG decomp
  3. IV abx
    1. Ampicillin + gentamicin
    2. Vancomycin + cefotaxime
    3. Metronidazole
    4. +/- clindamycine
  4. Surgery
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7
Q

Omphalocele (4)

A
  1. Replogle
  2. Central line
  3. Fluids, abx
  4. Surgery
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8
Q

Gastroschisis (5)

A
  1. Replogle
  2. Central line
  3. Fluids, abx
  4. Pain management
  5. Silo
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9
Q

What treatment should you avoid in omphalocele and gastroschisis?

A

Ventilation

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10
Q

Duodenal atresia

A
  1. NG tube, low intermittent suction
  2. Surgery 2-3 DOL
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11
Q

Anal atresia

A

Surgery

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12
Q

Hypospadias

A

Refer to urology

DO NOT CIRCUMCISE!!

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13
Q

Cryptorchidism

A

Refer to peds urology if testes have not descended by 1 year.

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14
Q

Posterior urethral valve

A

Surgery - valve ablation or vesicostomy

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15
Q

Hip dysplasia

A

Pavlik harness - abduction device

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16
Q

Supernumerary digits

A

Surgical ligation

17
Q

1st Line Seizure Tx in Neonates.

2 others.

A

Phenobarbital

Others: Fosphenytoin, Lorazepam

18
Q

Myelomeningocele (3)

A
  1. Surgical repair within 72 hours of birth to minimize meningitis risk
  2. Abx
  3. Fluids
19
Q

Secondary energy failure (6)

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Correct substrate, fluid and electrolyte disturbances
  3. Maintain blood volume and hemostasis
  4. Treat seizures - phenobarbital
  5. Treat organ damage
  6. Therapeutic hypothermia
20
Q

Intraventricular hemorrhage (4)

A
  1. Minimal handling
  2. Prevent fluctuating BP or CO2
  3. Prevent breathing against the ventilator
  4. Blood transfusion
21
Q

Neonatal jaundice (4)

A
  1. Eat, poop, pee
  2. Phototherapy = 1st line
  3. IVIg
  4. Exchange transfusion
22
Q

Early onset sepsis (3)

A
  1. Ampicillin + gentamicin
  2. Fluid maintenance
  3. Respiratory support
23
Q

Neonatal abstinence syndrome Non-pharm (8)

(infant withdrawal syndrome)

A
  1. Respiratory support
  2. Nutritional support
  3. Holding, swaddling
  4. Decreased ambient light/noise
  5. On demand feeding routine
  6. Pacifier use
  7. Infant massage
  8. PT/OT
24
Q

Neonatal abstinence syndrome Pharm (4)

A
  1. Morphine
  2. Clonidine
  3. Similac lactose free formula
  4. Simethicone (gas relief)
25

Pediatrics (4 decks)

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