Neoaves: Core water birds Flashcards

1
Q

Loons (Gaviiformes)

A
  • Foot propelled divers
  • Tarsi Laterally compressed
  • Streamlined body
  • Spear shaped bills-fish
  • Young ride on back
  • Live 20-28 yrs
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2
Q

(Sphenisciformes) Penguins-Southern Oceans

A

18 species

  • Flightless-wings modified as flippers, can’t fold
  • Dive to 800m for 30 min
  • Bones not hollow
  • Feathers not in tracts; dense waterproof
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3
Q

(Procelliifromes) Tube nosed seabirds: albatross (wolrdwide), petrels(all oceans), shearwaters (all oceans), diving petrels (southern), storm petrels

A

147 species

  • Tubular nostrils
  • Hooked bills
  • Salt excreting glands
  • Pelagic
  • Most monogamous
  • Parents/young squirt fowl smelling stomach oil at intruders
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4
Q

(Ciconiformes) Long legged wading birds: Storks

A

19 species

  • Short toes partially webbed
  • No syrinx
  • Many breed colonially, some place stick nests in trees
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5
Q

(Suliformes) Aquatic Birds: frigate birds, boobies, cormorants, anhingas

A

61 species

  • Gular pouch
  • Totipalmate
  • Oceans + inland waters
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6
Q

Frigatebirds

A
  • Tropical oceans
  • Gliders
  • Sexually dimorphic
  • Kleptoparasites + predators
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7
Q

Gannets + Boobies

A

Tropical and temperate oceans

  • External nostrils closed, breathe through mouth
  • Colonial, incubate with vascularized feet
  • Dive into water for fish
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8
Q

Anhingas

A

Tropical oceans

  • Snake birds
  • Don’t have waterproof feathers
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9
Q

Cormorants

A

All continents and oceans

  • Foot propelled divers-dive out of water first
  • External nostrils closed
  • Some flightless
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10
Q

(Pelicaniformes) Herons, bitterns, egrets, Ibises, spoonbills, pelicans

A

118 species

-Tropic, some temperate

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11
Q

Herons, bitterns, egrets

A

Worldwide

  • Long neck-modified vertebrae-spears, s-shaped in flight
  • Pectinate middle toe
  • Powder down
  • Rookeries
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12
Q

Hammerkop

A

Africa, Madagascar

  • Monotypic
  • Live near water
  • Crepuscular/twilight
  • Huge roofed nest
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13
Q

Shoebill

A

Africa

  • Monotypic
  • Marshes
  • Massive, hooked bulbous bill
  • Transports water to nestling
  • Powder down
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14
Q

Pelicans

A

All continents

-Totipalamate feet

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15
Q

(Opsicothomiformes) Hoatzin

A

1 species

  • Monotypic
  • Folivorous
  • Crop=fermentation chamber
  • Small sternum, bad fliers
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