neo 6

Question 1

a necessary component of fetal lung growth

Answer 1

fetal lung fluid

Question 2

when there it too little amniotic fluid

Answer 2

oligohydramnios

Question 3

a chronic leaking of amniotic fluid and diminished urine production

Answer 3

Potter’s syndrome / oligohydramnios sequence

Question 4

lungs expand by forces generated by diaphragm and intercostal muscles ; quiet breathing ; contraction of diaphragm when increased breathing needed

Answer 4

inspiration

Question 5

lungs recoil secondary to elastic and surface tension forces ; passive breathing

Answer 5

expiration

Question 6

a s-shaped curve with flatter beginning and ending portion ; moderately sleep middle potion

Answer 6

inspiration limb

Question 7

a c-shaped curve

Answer 7

expiration limb

Question 8

stretchability of lungs ; ease at which the lung is deformed or distended

Answer 8

compliance

Question 9

it is how quickly the lungs rebound after they have been stretched

Answer 9

elastic recoil

Question 10

the main contributor to lung elastic recoil in newborns

Answer 10

surface tension

Question 11

it diminishes surface forces ; reduces tendency of lungs to collapse

Answer 11

surfactant

Question 12

it is the start of surfactant production and storage

Answer 12

week 20

Question 13

it is in the maximal production of surfactant and appears in the amniotic fluid

Answer 13

week 28-32

Question 14

it is in the mature levels of surfactant in lungs

Answer 14

week 34-35

Question 15

a compliance measured during spontaneous breathing

Answer 15

dynamic lung compliance

Question 16

a compliance calculated between points of no flow when the respiratory muscles are relaxed by employing occlusion of airway

Answer 16

static lung compliance

Question 17

a compliance the compares compliance with a specific unit of lung volume ; a degree of elasticity corrected for lung volume or patient size

Answer 17

specific compliance

Question 18

the most important component in neonates since the chest wall is very distensible

Answer 18

lung compliance

Question 19

an inherent capacity of air conducting system and tissue to resist airfflow

Answer 19

resistance

Question 20

an equipment that measures both airway and viscous resistance

Answer 20

pneumotachometer

Question 21

an equipment that determines pure airway resistance

Answer 21

plethysmography

Question 22

they are obligate nose breathers

Answer 22

newborns

Question 23

a measure of how fast the lungs or individual lung unit will empty or fill

Answer 23

time constants

Question 24

alveoli that are surrounded by other alveoli and is interconnected by connective tissue

Answer 24

alveolar interdependence

Question 25

a measure of the energy expended in inflating the lungs and moving the chest wall

Answer 25

work of breathing

Question 26

volume of air moved in an out of the respiratory tract during each ventilatory cycle

Answer 26

tidal volume

Question 27

a method where the infant is placed in a “body box” with a face seal placed around the head

Answer 27

plethysmography

Question 28

a method that is the simplest and most widely used ; used either spontaneously or mechanically ventilated infants

Answer 28

pneumotachography

Question 29

a method that measure the change in thoracic circumference and blood volume to estimate VT

Answer 29

impedance pneumatography

Question 30

a method that uses a “jacket” coils of insulated wire sewn into elastic bands that encircle the rib cage and abdomen

Answer 30

respiratory inductive plethysmography

Question 31

an additional volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled following a normal inspiration

Answer 31

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 32

an additional volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled following a normal expiration

Answer 32

expiratory reserve volume

Question 33

the maximal volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximal inspiration

Answer 33

vital capacity

Question 34

a maximum volume of air expired in a single breath during crying

Answer 34

crying vital capacity

Question 35

a volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration

Answer 35

residual volume

Question 36

a volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration

Answer 36

functional residual capacity

Question 37

it serves as an oxygen compartment in the body and a buffer so that the large changes in alveolar gas tension are reduced

Answer 37

functional residual capacity

Question 38

a method that requires that the patient breath 100% oxygen

Answer 38

nitrogen washout tehnique

Question 39

a method that requires that a known volume and concentration of helium be breath to an equilibrated new level

Answer 39

helium dilution technique

Question 40

a volume of air in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration

Answer 40

total lung capacity

Question 41

a volume of air exhaled per minute

Answer 41

minute volume

Question 42

a portion of volume not involved in gas exchange

Answer 42

dead space

Question 43

an airway volume not involved in gas exchange and is made up of air passage from nares to terminal bronchioles

Answer 43

anatomic dead space

Question 44

the volume of gas in alveoli that are well ventilated but underperfused

Answer 44

alveolar dead space

Question 45

the sum of anatomic and alveolar dead space

Answer 45

physiologic dead space

Question 46

tissue level ; there is high CO2 and decrease O2 and high CO2 that aids in unloading O2

Answer 46

Bohr effect

Question 47

a decreased PO2 that aids in loading CO2

Answer 47

Haldane effect