Nematodes Flashcards
Nematodes
free living / obligate parasite
complete digestive tract
well-developed reproductive system
elongated
bilaterally symmetrical
Characteristics
separate sexes - dioecious
covered cuticle produced by hypodermis/epidermis
Habitats in humans
small CHATS
Capillaria philippinensis
Hookworms
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichinella spiralis
Strongyloides stercoralis
Habitats in humans
LARGE intestine (colon) TaE
Trichuris trichiura
Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides (polymyarian)
Features
longitudinal muscle
does not have true body cavity
presence of pseudocoelom
heart lung migration
Longitudinal muscle
A. multiple rows of cells
B. 1 with no more than 2 rows of cells
C. 1 with 2-5 rows of cells
Polymyarian
Holomyarian
Meromyarian
Pseudocoelom (fluid-filled space)
Helps with?
Waste removal
Circulation
Better digestion
Shock absorption
A. presence
B. absence
A. Nervous system
B. Circulatory and Respiratory system
Nervous system
nerve ganglion (pharynx)
Ventral (front) 1
Dorsal (back) 1
Lateral (side) 2
Ascaris lumbricoides
A. inner layer
B. thick part
C. outer layer
A. vitelline
B. chitin
C. mammilated albuminous coat
Larval migration
Infections and its causes
Lactose intolerance
Vit. A deficiency
Bowel obstruction
Intussusception
Volvulus
Extraintestinal migration
Vomitted
Escape through nostrils
Invade bile ducts
Lodge appendix - appendicitis
Block pancreatic duct - pancreatitis
Treatment
Albendazole
Mebendazole
Pyrantel pamoate
Prevention
Environmental sanitation
Hygiene education
Regular deworming
Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)
Holomyarian
Thin - anterior (TT47 protein) - attenuated 2/3
Thick - posterior (tail) robust 1/3
no heart lung migration
