Intro to parasit Flashcards
concerned with the phenomenon of dependence of one living organism on another
Parasitology
concerned with the animal parasites of humans and their medical significance
Medical parasitology
deals with tropical diseases
Tropical medicine
living together of unlike organisms
Symbiosis
two species live together and 1 specie benefits without harming the other
example?
Commensalism (e.g. Entamoeba coli)
2 organisms mutually benefits from each other
example?
Mutualism (e.g. termites, flagellates)
parasites lives for its survival
example?
Parasitism (e.g. Entamoeba histolytica)
A. Intestinal illness
B. parasite
Amoebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica
Parasites
According to its habitat
A. living inside the body
B. living outside the body example?
A. Endoparasite
B. Ectoparasite (e.g. ticks)
Parasites
A. presence of endoparasite in a host
B. presence of ectoparasite in a host
A. infection
B. infestation
need a host (dependent) at some stage of their life cycle to complete their development
example?
Obligate parasite (e.g. tapeworms such as A. lumbricoides)
free-living state and a parasitic existence
example?
Facultative parasite (e.g. S. stercoralis)
visit the host only during feeding time
example?
Intermittent (e.g. mosquitos)
establishes itself in a host where it does not ordinarily live
Incidental/accidental parasite
remains in the body until maturity
Permanent parasite
artifacts mistaken as parasite (pollen, hair)
Pseudoparasite
lives on a host only for a short period of time
Temporary parasite
free-living organism passes through digestive tract w/o infecting the host
Spurious parasite
Hosts
A. attains sexual maturity
B. asexual stages or larval stage
C. does not develop further to later stages
D. allow parasite’s life cycle to continue and become additional sources of human infection
E. infected indiv is not necessary for the parasite survival
A. definitive (humans)
B. intermediate
C. paratenic (prawns)
D. reservoir (rodents)
E. Incidental (trichinosis)
Nomenclature
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Division: (suborder, superfamily, subfamily, subspecies)
A. Family name
B. Superfamily
C. Subfamily
A. -idae
B. -oidea
C. -inae
Modes of transmission
A. undergo development in the soil to reach the infective stage example?
B. in the snail to reach infective stage example?
C. in insect vectors example?
D. really infective example?
A. Soil-transmitted (e.g. A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura)
B. Snail-transmitted (e.g. S. japonicum)
C. Arthropod transmitted (e.g. malaria, filariasis, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis)
D. Contact transmitted (e.g. E. vermicularis, T. vaginalis)
Example of …
Animal borne - animal to human
Airborne
Autoinfection - infecting ones self
Airborne - E. vermicularis, A. lumbricoides
Portals of entry
Mouth (oral cavity)
A. Ingestion of?
B. Intimate oral contact
A. embryonated eggs (A. lumbricoides), cysts (Entamoeba histolytica)
B. T. tenax, E. gingivalis
