Negligence (Breach) Flashcards
CL Standard of care RULE –>defining breach
is defined as acting as a reasonable person of ordinary prudence under the circumstances
CL SofC Factor Test
To determine whether person acted as a reasonable person there must be:
Probability of harm
Severity
*Burden of taking precautions
Burden/costs to defendant
*Availability of reasonable alternatives to D’s conduct
That involve less risk
*Social utility of D’s conduct
Is it beneficial to society/specific group
Child SofC RULE
A child is only held to the same standard of care of that of a child with the same age, experience, and knowledge
Child SofC Exception
If child is engaging in dangerous adult activity –> is held to SofC of an adult
CL Professional SofC RULE
acting as a reasonable person/______ with knowledge, training, and skill of an ordinary member of the profession under the same or similar circumstances
CL Professional Standard FACTOR 1
- Possession of knowledge or skill
* Generally professionals are not expected to know everything, just what the ordinary member of the profession does
* Ex. Attorneys follow the laws of the state, their customary practice
CL Professional Standard FACTOR 2
- AND/OR Exercise of best judgment
* As long as you are making a tactical decision–>you won’t be held liable
o Also, even if you consult with other fellow members of your profession or disagreement develops to your course of action professional using best judgment will not be liable
CL Professional Standard FACTOR 3
- AND/OR use of due care
* Ex. Just a prime example is a lawyer who fails to file a suit before the running of the statute of limitations
CL Expert Testimony Req for Pro SofC
Generally, expert testimony is required to assess if there is a breach of the Pro SofC
Professional SofC Expert Testimony EXCEPTION
However, when dealing with common knowledge –> won’t need an expert testimony
If you comply with custom–>it is evident you are not negligent but not conclusive proof you are not negligent
In order to find breach of duty related to medical pros–>
there needs to be testimony of what is required for that type of surgery!!
NOT what is relevant to the standard of care, that is your expert saying that he would have done it differently and you wouldn’t have the specific injury to your body ——> insufficient to establish a breach of the standard of care for the _____ /profession
Majority approach to Standard of Medical Pros
physicians must follow the national standard
- 1st Minority rule: similar community Test
o Here the test is used as one of factors to be considered, along with advances in the profession, availability of facilities, and whether health care provider was specialist or general practitioner
- 2nd minority rule: look at the exact same community
o Here you compare an ordinary physician with the same knowledge and skill of another physician within the same community in which the D practices
Informed Consent Doctrine (Deals only with physicians)
Minority Approach
Patient Centered Approach is the Minority Approach
- What a reasonable patient would want to know in order to make an intelligent choice