need to knows for exam 3

Question 1

If your patient is experiencing respiratory acidosis, what should you do?

Answer 1

sit them up in fowlers and give oxygen

Question 2

who is at the greatest risk for fluid volume deficiet?

Answer 2

GI issues, febrile, trauma with severe burns

Question 3

if a pt is hypovolemic, what solutions should you give them?

Answer 3

isotonic

Question 4

what are good potassium sources?

Answer 4

spinach, sweet potato, low-fat milk, or yogurt

Question 5

What labs are associated with FVD?

Answer 5

increased osmolaltiy, specific gravity and hemoglobin

Question 6

if a pts potassium is low or high what do you do first?

Answer 6

assess ECG

Question 7

what foods are a part of a low salt diet?

Answer 7

corn on the cob, grilled chicken, grilled steak, roll, tea

Question 8

when administering magnesium, what should you monitor?

Answer 8

magnesium levels, respiratory status, deep tendon reflexes

Question 9

what is the antidote for hypermagnesemia

Answer 9

calcium gluconate

Question 10

what labs are associated with FVE?

Answer 10

all decreased

Question 11

what electrolyte imbalances do we see a postive chvostek and troussea’s ?

Answer 11

hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypomagnesmia

Question 12

what is the first thing to do if you have an infiltrated IV?

Answer 12

turn it off

Question 13

if chloride levels are off, what levels are also off?

Answer 13

sodium

Question 14

what is the treatment for hyperkalemia?

Answer 14

sodium polystyrene sulfate

Question 15

how much urine should you expect to lose if your pt is taking fureosemide?

Answer 15

200 ml

Question 16

what does SPIN stand for?

Answer 16

stop infusion, pulse ox and vital signs, infuse NS, notify HCP

Question 17

what is used to treat hypocalcemia?

Answer 17

calcium gluconate

Question 18

pt works on a mill with no air conditioning. pt states “I drink lots of water, but I seem to sweat more than i can replace” what should the nurse say?

Answer 18

eat something salty when drinking water

Question 19

what do you administer with fluid volume deficiet?

Answer 19

0.9% NaCl

Question 20

when a patient is in fluid overload, what should you do for them?

Answer 20

sit them up

Question 21

if mag levels are low what should you adminster?

Answer 21

magnesium sulfate

Question 22

what foods are high in potassium?

Answer 22

bananas, oranges, asparagus

Question 23

what type of solution is D5 0.45% NaCl?

Answer 23

hypertonic

Question 24

what is the most accurate way to determine if a patient is improving from having fluid volume deficiet?

Answer 24

gaining 5 pounds