Need to Know Minerals Flashcards by Leigh Tucker

Q

Quartz *

A

Silica
SiO2

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Q

Tridimite

A

Silica

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Q

Cristobalite

A

Silica

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Q

Coesite

A

Silica

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Q

Stishovite

A

Silica

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Q

Chert

A

Cryptocrystalline Silica form
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure)

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Q

Chalcedony

A

Cryptocrystalline Silica form
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure)

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Q

Agate

A

Cryptocrystalline Silica form
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure)

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Q

Jasper

A

Cryptocrystalline Silica form
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure)

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Q

Flint

A

Cryptocrystalline Silica form
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure)

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Q

Petrified Wood

A

Cryptocrystalline Silica form
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure)

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Q

Anorthite *

A

Plagioclase Feldspar
Ca Al2 Si2O8

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Q

Albite *

A

Plagioclase Feldspar
Na Al Si3O8

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Q

Orthoclase *

A

(K-spar) Feldspar
K Al Si3O8 (partially ordered, fast/slow cooling)

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Q

Sanidine *

A

(K-spar) Feldspar
K Al Si3O8 (disordered, fast cooling - volcanic)

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Q

Microcline *

A

(K-spar) Feldspar
K Al Si3O8 (highly ordered, slow cooling - granitic)

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Q

Anorthoclase *

A

Feldspar
(Na,K) AlSi3O8

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Q

Perthite

A

Feldspar
(intergrowth of two feldspars)
(not a true mineral - has various compositions)

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Q

Leucite

A

Feldspathoid

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Q

Nepheline

A

Feldspathoid

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Q

Sodalite

A

Feldspathoid

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Q

Muscovite *

A

Mica
K Al2 (Al Si3O10) (OH)2

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Q

Biotite *

A

Mica
K (Mg,Fe)3 Al Si3O10 (OH)2

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Q

Phlogopite

A

Mica (Biotite group)

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Q

Annite

A

Mica (Biotite group)

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Q

Lepidolite

A

Mica

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Q

Smectite *

A

Clay
A0.3 D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
or
(Ca,Na,H) (Al,Mg,Fe,Zn)2 (Si, Al)4O10(OH)2 -xH2O

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Q

Illite *

A

Clay
K0.65 Al2.0 [Al0.65 Si3.35 O10] (OH)2
or
(K,H3O) (Al,Mg,Fe)2 (Si,Al)4O10 [(OH)2 . (H2O)]

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Q

Kaolinite *

A

Clay
Al2 (Si2O5 )(OH)4

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Q

Chrysotile *

A

Serpentine
Mg3 (Si2O5) (OH)4

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Q

Lizardite *

A

Serpentine
Mg3 (Si2O5) (OH)4

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Q

Antigorite *

A

Serpentine
Mg3 (Si2O5) (OH)4

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Q

Chlorite *

A

Sheet Silicate Group
(Mg,Fe,Li)6 Al Si3O10 (OH)8

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Q

Talc *

A

Sheet Silicate
Mg3Si4O10(OH)2

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Q

Enstatite *

A

Orthopyroxene
MgSiO3

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Q

Ferrosilite *

A

Orthopyroxene
FeSiO3

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Q

Augite *

A

Clinopyroxene
(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6

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Q

Diopsite *

A

Clinopyroxene
CaMgSi2O6

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Q

Hedenbergite

A

Clinopyroxene

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Q

Spodumene

A

Clinopyroxene

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Q

Wollastonite

A

Pyroxenoid

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Q

Rhodenite

A

Pyroxenoid

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Q

Tremolite *

A

Amphibole
Ca2 (Mg,Fe)5 Si8O22 (OH)2

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Q

Actinolite *

A

Amphibole
Ca2 (Mg,Fe++)5 Si8O22 (OH)2
or
Ca2 (Mg4.5-2.5,Fe0.5-2.5 ) Si8O22 (OH)2

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Q

Glaucophane *

A

Amphibole
Na2 (Mg3 Al2) Si8O22 (OH)2

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Q

Hornblende *

A

Amphibole
Ca2 (Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)5 (Si,Al)8O22 (OH)2

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Q

Anthophyllite

A

Amphibole

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Q

Cummingtonite

A

Amphibole

Q

Forsterite *

A

Olivine
Mg2 SiO4

Q

Fayalite *

A

Olivine
Fe2 SiO4

Q

Spessartine *

A

Garnet
Mn3 Al2 (SiO4)3

Q

Almandine *

A

Garnet
Fe3 Al2 (SiO4)3

Q

Pyrope *

A

Garnet
Mg3 Al2 (SiO4)3

Q

Grossular *

A

Garnet
Ca3 Al2 (SiO4)3

Q

Titanite (aka Sphene)

A

Nesosilicate

Q

Zircon

A

Nesosilicate

Q

Staurolite

A

Nesosilicate

Q

Andalusite *

A

Aluminosilicate
Al2 SiO5

Q

Sillimanite *

A

Aluminosilicate
Al2 SiO5

Q

Kyanite *

A

Aluminosilicate
Al2 SiO5

Q

Zeolite

A

group of Hydrated aluminosilicate

Q

Chabazite

A

Zeolite (hydrated aluminosilicate)

Q

Cordierite

A

Cyclosilicate

Q

Beryl

A

Cyclosilicate

Q

Chrysocolla

A

Cyclosilicate

Q

Lawsonite *

A

Sorosilicate
Ca Al2 (Si2O7) (OH)2 · H2O

Q

Epidote *

A

Sorosilicate
Ca2 (Al2Fe3+) [Si2O7] [SiO4] O (OH)

Q

Ringwoodite *

A

Deep Mantle Mineral
(Mg,Fe2+)2 SiO4
or
Si Mg2 O4
(high pressure forsterite polymorph)

Q

Wadsleyite *

A

Deep Mantle Mineral
Mg4 O (Si2O7)
or
Mg2 SiO4
(forsterite polymorph)

Q

Majorite *

A

Deep Mantle Mineral
Mg3 (MgSi) (SiO4)3

Q

Silicate Perovskite

A

Deep Mantle Mineral
(also called Bridgmanite)

Q

Ferropericlase

A

Deep Mantle Mineral

Q

Apatite

A

Phosphate

Q

Topaz

A

Other Silicate

Q

Monazite

A

Phosphate

Q

Dolomite *

A

Carbonate
Ca Mg (CO3)2

Q

Aragonite *

A

Carbonate
Ca CO3
(calcite polymorph, low temp, near surface)

Q

Calcite *

A

Carbonate
Ca CO3

Q

Siderite *

A

Carbonate
Fe CO3

Q

Magnesite

A

Carbonate

Q

Rhodochrosite

A

Carbonate

Q

Malachite

A

Copper Carbonate

Q

Azurite

A

Copper Carbonate

Q

Gypsum *

A

Sulfate
Ca SO4 · 2H2O

Q

Anhydrite *

A

Sulfate
Ca SO4
gypsum - without (an) water (hydrite)

Q

Barite *

A

Sulfate
Ba SO4

Q

Halite *

A

Halide
Na Cl

Q

Sylvite

A

Halide

Q

Fluorite

A

Halide

Q

Pyrite *

A

Sulfide
Fe S2

Q

Chalcopyrite *

A

Sulfide
Cu Fe S2

Q

Chalcocite

A

Sulfide

Q

Molybdenite

A

Sulfide

Q

Arsenopyrite

A

Sulfide

Q

Marcasite

A

Sulfide

Q

Galena *

A

Sulfide
Pb S

Q

Stibnite

A

Sulfide

Q

Orpiment

A

Sulfide

Q

Realgar

A

Sulfide

Q

Cinnabar

A

Sulfide

Q

Covellite

A

Sulfide

Q

Sphalerite

A

Sulfide

Q

Bornite

A

Sulfide

Q

Goethite

A

Oxide

Q

Limonite

A

Oxide
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure and can have various compositions)

Q

Diaspore

A

Oxide

Q

Bauxite

A

Oxide
(not a true mineral - lacks crystalline structure and can have various compositions)

Q

Chromite

A

Oxide

Q

Cassiterite

A

Oxide

Q

Magnetite *

A

Oxide
Fe2+ Fe3+2 O4
or
Fe3 O4

Q

Hematite *

A

Oxide
Fe2 O3

Q

Rutile *

A

Oxide
Ti O2

Q

Ilmentite *

A

Oxide
Fe Ti O3
or
Fe2+ Ti4+ O3

Q

Corundum *

A

Oxide
Al2 O3
(ruby, sapphire, amethyst)

Q

Cuprite

A

Oxide

Q

Gold *

A

Native Element
Au

Q

Silver *

A

Native Element
Ag

Q

Diamond *

A

Native Element
C

Q

Graphite *

A

Native Element
C