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Anatomy Final > Neck Review > Flashcards

Neck Review Flashcards

1
Q

branches of external carotid artery

A

superior thyroid

lingual

facial

ascending pharyngeal

occipital

posterior auricular

maxillary

superficial temporal

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2
Q

superior thyroid a

A

supplies thyroid gland

infrahyoid muscles

SCM

superior laryngeal a. to larynx

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3
Q

lingual a

A

to tongue

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4
Q

facial a

A

submandibular gland

floor of mouth (submental branch)

face

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5
Q

ascending pharyngeal a.

A

supplies pharynx, prevertebral muscles, middle ear, cranial meninges

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6
Q

occipital a

A

posterior part of scalp

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7
Q

posterior auricular

A

supplies digastric, parotid gland, facial n, structures in temporal bone, ear, scalp

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8
Q

maxillary a

A

terminal branch

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9
Q

superficial temporal a

A

terminal branch

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10
Q

what does the external carotid artery supply

A

most structures external to the cranium

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11
Q

internal carotid artery enters

A

through carotid canal

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12
Q

what branches off of the internal carotid

A

opthalmic a

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13
Q

what branches off of the internal carotid a

A

ophthalmic a

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14
Q

what does the ophthalmic a supply

A

blood supply to orbits

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15
Q

what branches off of ophthalmic

A

supraorbital

supratrochlear

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16
Q

what does supraorbital a supply

A

from supraorbital foramen

to muscles and skin of forehead, scalp, and superior conjectiva

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17
Q

what does supratrochlear a supply

A

from supratrochlear notch

to muscles and skin of forehead, scalp and superior conjectiva

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18
Q

what do the internal and external carotid arteries branch from

A

common carotid arteries

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19
Q

how many cranial nerves are there

A

12 pairs

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20
Q

CN 1

A

olfactory N

sensory

sense of smell

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21
Q

CN 2

A

optic N

sensory

ability to see

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22
Q

CN 3

A

oculomotor N

motor

controls the muscles of the eye

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23
Q

CN 4

A

trochlear N

motor

controls the muscles of the eye

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24
Q

CN 5

A

trigeminal N

both

motor functions of mastification

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25
3 parts of trigeminal nerve
V1) ophthalmic N V2) maxillary N V3) mandibular N
26
CN 6
abducens motor controls extra ocular muscles
27
CN 7
Facial both all muscles of facial expression provides sensory information to the nasal cavity partial sense of taste
28
CN 8
vestibulocochlear sensory hearing and balance
29
CN 9
glossopharyngeal N both controls the salivary glands in the cheek controls muscles of the pharynx provides posterior part of tongue w/ taste
30
CN 10
vagus both helps innervate portions of the viscera
31
CN 11
accessory N motor motor nerve for SCM and trapezius
32
CN 12
hypoglossal N motor controls all the muscles of the tongue
33
sensory, motor, both acronym
some say marry money but my brother says big boobs matter most
34
acronym for cranial nerves
oh oh oh, to tough and feel very good velvet, actual heaven
35
what are the muscles of the eye
superior rectus medial rectus inferior rectus lateral rectus superior oblique inferior oblique levator palpebrae superioris
36
superior rectus actions
primary: elevation secondary: ADD and medial rotation
37
medial rectus actions
primary: ADD
38
inferior rectus actions
primary: depression secondary: ADD and lateral rotation
39
lateral rectus actions
primary: ABD
40
superior oblique actions
primary: depression and ABD secondary: medial rotation
41
inferior oblique actions
primary: elevation and ABD secondary: lateral rotation
42
levator palpebrae superioris action
elevates superior eyelid
43
nerve rule for muscles of the eye
all innervated by oculomotor N (CN3) lateral rectus innervated by abducens N (CN6) superior oblique innervated by trochlear (CN 4)
44
nerve rule abbreviations
LR6 and SO4
45
what muscle depressed the eye
superior oblique
46
what muscle elevates the eye
inferior oblique
47
what happens with paralysis of ocular muscles
double vision
48
what can spread infection in the neck
fascia of the neck
49
what happens if the mouth gets infected
it can spread through the fascia
50
pretracheal fascia
connects mouth fascia to the heart
51
where is the platysma located
in the superficial fascia
52
anterior triangle of the neck boundaries
lateral: SCM floor: pretracheal fascia
53
anterior triangle contents
suprahyoid infrahyoid common carotid a internal jugular v CN 7,9, 10, 11, 12 ansa cervicalis
54
posterior triangle of the neck boundaries
medial: SCM posterior: trapezius floor: clavicle
54
posterior triangle of the neck contents
inferior belly of omohyoid branches of subclavian a and v external jugular v CN 11 branches of cervical and brachial plexus
55
root of neck contents
apical lungs subclavian a and v vagus phrenic sympathetic trunk trachea esophagus
56
what breaks when you strangle someone
hyoid bone
57
adam's apple
laryngeal prominence on thyroid cartilage
58
what happens when SCM is damaged
the spinal accessory n is damaged (CN11) results it torticollis
59
what is torticollis
damage to SCM will till the head to the opposite side of the injury
60
suprahyoid muscles
mylohyoid geniohyoid stylohyoid (split by digastric tendon) digastric
61
mylohyoid muscle
suprahyoid muscle O: mandible I: hyoid bone via median tendon Inn: mylohyoid N (from CN V3, mandibular) A: tightens and elevates oral floor, draws hyoid bone forward, assists in opening mandible and moving it side to side
62
stylohyoid muscle
O: temporal bone I: hyoid bone (body via split tendon) innervation: facial nerve (CN7) A: elevates hyoid bone, assists in opening mandible
63
geniohyoid muscle
O: mandible I: hyoid bone (body) Inn: anterior ramus of C1 (via hypoglossal nerve) A: draws hyoid bone forward, assists in opening mandible
64
digastric muscle anterior belly
O: mandible I: hyoid bone via intermediate tendon Inn: mylohyoid n (mandibular V3) A: elevates hyoid bone, assists in opening mouth
65
digastric muscle posterior belly
O: temporal bone I: body of hyoid bone via intermediate tendon Inn: facial N A: elevates hyoid bone, assists opening mandible
66
infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid omohyoid thyrohyoid sternothyroid
67
omohyoid
O; superior border of scap I: hyoid bone Inn: ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus (C1-C3) A: depresses hyoid, draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swalling
68
sternohyoid (1)
O; manubrium and SC joint I: hyoid bone Inn: ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus (C1-C3) A: depresses hyoid, draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swalling
69
sternothyroid (2)
O; manubrium I: hyoid bone Inn: ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus (C1-C3) A: depresses hyoid, draws larynx and hyoid down for phonation and terminal phases of swalling
70
thyrohyoid
O: thyroid cartilage I: hyoid bone Inn: C1 via hypoglossal nerve A: depresses and fixes hyoid, raises larynx during swallowing
71
anterior prevertebral muscles
longus colli longus capitis rectus capitis anterior rectus capitis lateralis
72
longus capitis
innervation: direct branches from cervical plexus (C1-C3) A; flexion of heat at atlantooccipital joint
73
longus colli
innervation: direct branches from cervical plexus a: unilateral--> tilts and rotates cervical spine to opposite side bilateral--> forward flexion of cervical spine
74
rectus capitis anterior and lateralis
innervation: anterior rami of C1-C2 a: u--> lateral flexion at atlanto-occipital joint b--> flexion at the atlanto-occipital joint
75
lateral prevertebral muscles
splenius capitis levator scapulae posterior scalene middle scalene anterior scalene
76
splenius capitis
innervation: dorsal rami of the spinal nerves A: u--> rotates to the same side b--> flexed the neck
77
levator scapulae
inn: dorsal scapular n a: draws scap medially upwards while moving inferior angle medially, inclines neck to same side
78
scalenus anterior
O: C3-C6 I: 1st rib Inn: direct branches from cervical and brachial plexus A: elevates upper ribs (forced inspiration) bends cervical spine to same side (unilateral, ribs fixed) flexes neck (bilateral w/ ribs fixed)
79
scalenus medius
O: C1-C2 and C3-C7 transverse processes I: 1st rib Inn: direct branches from cervical and brachial plexus A: elevates upper ribs (forced inspiration) bends cervical spine to same side (unilateral, ribs fixed) flexes neck (bilateral w/ ribs fixed)
80
scalenus posterior
O: C5-C7 transverse processes I: 2nd rib Inn: direct branches from cervical and brachial plexuses A: elevates upper ribs (forced inspiration) bends cervical spine to same side (unilateral, ribs fixed) flexes neck (bilateral w/ ribs fixed)
81
costocervical trunk
posterior to anterior scalene
82
what is the costocervical trunk made of
superior intercostal a deep cervical a
83
dorsal scapular nerve is ______ to anterior scalene
lateral
84
what does the epiglottis do
closes over trachea protects air passage through trachea
85
alveola a
main blood supply for teeth
86
what happens if the circle of willis gets damaged
you can still can blood to the brain
87
the subclavian v drains
upper limb
88
external jugular v drains
drains most of scalp/side of face
89
internal jugular v drains
cranium
90
external facial veins drain into
internal jugular
91
what does the vagus nerve run with
internal jugular v
92
what starts the brachial plexus
C5 middle scalene
93
anterior rami is
C1-C4
94
lesser occipital nerve supplies
skin of neck, scalp, posterior superior to ear
95
phrenic n
sympathetic motor to diaphragm sensory to pericardium and mediastinal pleura
96
horner's syndrome symptoms
drooping of eyelid on one side face pink and flush face is hot and dry vasodilation
97
horner's system issue
issue w/ clinical region of the sympathetic trunk
98
thyroid is
big endocrine gland
99
larynx is
voice box air passage
100
bregma is
where all the sutures meet on the top of the head
101
CN 1 goes through
cribriform plate
102
cranial fossae
anterior middle posterior
103
anterior cranial fossa is formed by
frontal bone ethmoid bone body of sphenoid lesser wings of sphenoid
104
anterior cranial fossa contains
crista galli cribriform plate CN 1
105
middle cranial fossa is formed by
sphenoid bone parts of the temporal bone
106
contents of middle cranial fossa
sella turcica, hypophyseal fossa (pituitary gland) optic canals = CN 2 superior orbital fissue (opthalmic v, opthalmic n, CN 3,4,6) foramen rotundum = maxillary n foramen ovale = mandibular n foramen spinosum = middle meningeal artery foramen lacerum = deep petrosal n internal acoustic meatus = CN 8
107
posterior cranial fossa formed by
occipital bone petrous and mastoid part of temporal bone
108
posterior cranial fossa contents
cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata foramen magnum (medulla, vertebral arteries, CN XI) jugular foramen ( CN 9, 10, 11, internal jugular v, meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries) hypoglossal canal = CN 12
109
muscles of the face are innervated by
facial n
110
muscles of the calvaria
occipitofrontalis
111
occipitofrontalis action
elevates eyebrows wrinkles skin of forehead
112
palpebral fissue and nose
procerus orbicularis oculi nasalis levator labi superioris alaeque nasi
113
procerus
pulls medial angle of eyebrows inferiorly produces transverse wrinkles over bridge of nose
114
orbicularis oculi
acts as orbital sphincter (closes eyelids)
115
nasalis
flares nostrils by drawing ala of nose towards nasal septum
116
levator labi superioris alaque nasi
elevates upper lip opens nostril
117
ear muscles
anterior auricular muscles superior auricular muscles posterior auricular muscles
118
anterior auricular muscles
pulls ear superiorly and anteriorly
119
superior auricular muscles
elevate ear
120
posterior auricular muscles
pull ear superiorly and posteriorly
121
muscles of mouth and neck
zygomaticus major zygomaticus minor levator labii superioris depressor labii inferioris levator anguli oris depressor anguli oris buccinator orbicularis oris risorius mentalis
122
zygomaticus major
pulls corner of mouth superiorly and laterally
123
zygomaticus minor
pulls lip superiorly
124
levator labii superioris
elevates upper lip dilates nostril raised angle of mouth
125
depressor labii inferioris
pulls lower lip inferior and laterally
126
levator anguili oris
raises angle of mouth helps form nasolabial furrow
127
depressor anguli oris
pulls angle of mouther inferiorly and laterally
128
buccinator
presses cheek against molar teeth expels air from oral cavity/ resists distension when blowing unilateral--> draws mouth to one side
129
oribicularis oris
acts as oral sphincter
130
risorius
retracts corner of mouth as in grimacing
131
mentalis
elevates and protrudes lower lip
132
muscles of neck
platysma
133
platysma
depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth tenses skin of neck aids in forced depression of the mandible
134
what nerve supplies sensory to the face
trigeminal
135
intense pain to the face is described as
trigeminal neuropathy
136
blood supply to the orbit
ophthalmic a
137
injury of the facial nerve results in
bell's palsy
138
what is bell's palsy
drooping and lose of taste on one side
139
trigeminal nerve branches
ophthalmic (V1) maxillary (V2) mandibular (V3)
140
what is the buccal nerve sensory to
inside of cheeks
141
muscles that close the mouth
medial pterygoid masseter temporalis
142
medial pterygoid
origin: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pterygoid fossa insertion: medial surface of the mandibular angle inn: mandibular nerve (lateral pterygoid nerve) a: protrudes the mandible and laterally moves mandible
143
temporalis
o: temporal fossa and inferior temporal line I: coronoid process inn: mandibular nerve (deep temporal nerve) A: elevation and retraction of mandible
144
masseter
sho: anterior 2/3s of zygomatic arch dho: posteiror 1/3 of zygomatic arch i: mandibular angle inn: mandibular n (masseteric n) a: elevates and protrudes mandible
145
muscle that opens mouth
lateral pterygoid
146
lateral pterygoid
SHo: greater wing of sphenoid IHO: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate I; TMJ Inn: mandibular nerve (lateral pterygoid n) A; protrudes mandible and laterally moves mandible
147
motor nerve to tongue
hypoglossal n vagus n
148
hypoglossal n in tongue
motor to all muscles except palatoglossus
149
what nerve innervates palatoglossus
vagus n
150
what innervates the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
glossopharyngeal n sensory and taste
151
hat innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue sensory
trigeminal (mandibular)
152
what innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue taste
facial n
153
what happens if the hypoglossal nerve is damaged
tongue deviates to the same side
154
sublingual glands are
parasympathetic
155
intrinsic muscles of tongue
change shape of tongue
156
extrinsic muscles of tongue
change position of tongue

Anatomy Final (3 decks)

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