Neck Muscles for First Exam

Question 0

Origin of Sternocleidomastioid

Answer 0

Clavicular Head: Superior Surface of Medial Third of Clavicle

Sternal Head: Surface of the Maunbrium of the Sternum

Question 1

Action of Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 1

Unilateral Contraction: tilts head to same side (laterally flexes the neck) and rotates it so face is superiorly toward the opposite side

Bilateral Contraction: 1) extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints 2) flex cervical vertebrae to that chin approaches the manubrium or 3) extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level

With cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate the manubrium and medial end of the clavicles, assisting the pump-handle action of deep respiration

Question 2

Insertion of the Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 2

Lateral Surface of Mastoid Process of Temporal Bone and Lateral Half of Superior Nuchal Line

Question 3

Origin of Anterior Scalene

Answer 3

Anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6

Question 4

Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 4

Spinal accessory nerve 11; C2 and C3 (proprioception and pain)

Question 5

Insertion of Anterior Scalene

Answer 5

1st Rib

Question 6

Innervation of Anterior Scalene

Answer 6

Cervical Spinal Nerves C4-C6

Question 7

Action of Anterior Scalene

Answer 7

Laterally flex the neck; Elevate the first rib during forced inspiration

Question 8

Origin of Middle Scalene

Answer 8

Posterior Tubercles of Transverse Processes of C4-C7

Question 9

Insertion of Middle Scalene

Answer 9

Superior Surface of 1st Rib; posterior to groove for subclavian artery

Question 10

Innervation of Middle Scalene

Answer 10

Anterior Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves

Question 11

Action of Middle Scalene

Answer 11

laterally flex the neck; elevate 1st rib during forced inspiration

Question 12

Origin of Posterior Scalene

Answer 12

Posterior Tubercles of Transverse Processes C4-C6

Question 13

Insertion of Posterior Scalene

Answer 13

External Surface of 2nd Rib

Question 14

Innervation of Posterior Scalene

Answer 14

Anterior Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves C7 and C8

Question 15

Action of Posterior Scalene

Answer 15

Laterally flex the neck; elevate the 2nd rib during forced inspiration

Question 16

What muscles make up the floor of the posterior cervical triangle?

Answer 16

prevertebral fascia overlying the muscles: 1)Levator Scapulae 2) Splenius Capitis 3) Middle Scalene 4) Posterior Scalene

Question 17

What are the nerves of the lateral cervical region

Answer 17

1) Spinal Accessory Nerve 2) Roots of Brachial Plexus 3) Suprascapular Nerve 4) FINISH THIS LATER

Question 18

Where does spinal accessory nerve pass in the neck?

Answer 18

Spinal Accessory Nerve passes deep to the sternocleidomastoid supplying it before it enter the lateral cervical region at middle of posterior border of sternocleidomastoid.

Question 19

What is the root of the brachial plexus and where does it appear?

Answer 19

Anterior Rami of C5-C8 and T1; roots of brachial plexus appear between the anterior and middle scalene muscles

Question 20

What makes up the cervical plexus?

Answer 20

Anterior Rami of C1-C4

Question 21

Where does the Lesser Occipital Nerve supply to?

Answer 21

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2) supplies the skin of the neck posterosupero to auricle

Question 22

Greater Auricular Nerve

Answer 22

Greater Auricular Nerve (C2,C3) supplies posterior aspect of auricle, and area of skin overlying angle of the mandible to the mastoid process

Question 23

Supraclavicular Nerve (C3,C4)

Answer 23

Common trunk formed under cover the sternocleidomastoid and send small fibers to skin of neck, across the clavicle, supplying skin over the shoulder

Question 24

Phrenic Nerve

Answer 24

Phrenic Nerve is (C3-C5); chief supply from C4 but receive contributions from C3 and C5; lies on top anterior scalene muscle

Question 25

External Jugular Vein

Answer 25

External Jugular Vein begins near the angle of the mandible, descends inferiorly to lateral cervical region and terminates in the subclavian vein

Question 26

What is the suprascapular artery?

Answer 26

Suprascapular artery comes from subclavian artery, goes inferolaterally across the anterior scalene muscle and phrenic nerve