Neck Muscles

Question 1

Sternocliedo-Mastoid

Answer 1

PA: -Sternal Head = Manubrium along upper Ant surface
-Clavicular Head= Medial third of clavicle along superior surface

DA: Mastoid process along lateral aspect, lateral half of superior nuchal line.

INN: Spinal accessory n. (CN XI), branch of C2,3 ventral rami

Actions: -Unilateral= ipsilateral SB and Contralateral rotation of head and neck
-Bilaterally= Flexes the neck

Question 2

Anterior Scalene

Answer 2

PA: TP’s of C3-6 at ant tubercles

DA: First rib at its scalene tubercle on rib’s inner border and ridge ant to groove for subclavian artery.

INN: C4-6 Ventral Rami

Actions: -OC= Elevates first rib
-CC=Flexes, ipsilateral SB and Contralateral rotation of neck.

Question 3

Middle Scalene

Answer 3

PA: TP’s of C2-7 at posterior tubercles

DA: First rib along superior surface between groove for subclavian artery and scalene tubercle

INN: C3-8 Ventral Rami

Actions: -OC= Elevates first rib
-CC= Ipsilateral SB of neck

Question 4

Posterior Scalene

Answer 4

PA: TP’s of C4-6 at posterior tubercles

DA: Second rib along exterior border, posterior to seratus anterior attachment.

INN: C5-7 Ventral Rami

Actions: -OC= elevates second rib
-CC= Ipsilateral SB the neck

Question 5

Upper Trapezius

Answer 5

PA: Medial third superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, SP C7

DA: Posterior border lateral third of clavicle

INN: Motor spinal part of the accessory n.(CN11) Motor innervation; sensory= branches from ventral rami (C3,4)

Actions: -OC= scapular elevation

• CC= -unilaterally: ipisilateral SB, contralateral rotation head and neck
• Bilaterally: extends head and neck

Question 6

Levator Scapula

Answer 6

PA: TP C1-4 and Posterior tubercles of TP C3,4

DA: Medial border of scapula between sup angle and root of spine

INN: Dorsa Scapular Nerve(C5) and branch of (C3,4) Spinal Nerves

Actions: -OC= Elevation and downward rotation of the scapula
-CC= Ipsilateral SB and rotation of the neck

Question 7

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major

Answer 7

PA: SP of C2

DA: Lateral portion of Inf nuchal line and occipital bone inf to it

INN: Dorsal Ramus of C1 (sub occipital nerve)

Actions: -Unilaterally= Ipsilateral Rotation
-Bilaterally= Extension of head

Question 8

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor

Answer 8

PA: Posterior tubercle of C1

DA: Medial portion of inf nuchal line and occipital bone down to foramen magnum

INN: Dorsal Ramus of C1(sub occipital nerve)

Actions: Extends head

Question 9

Obliqus Capitus Superior

Answer 9

PA: Superior surface of TP of C1

DA: Occiput between sup and inf nuchal lines; overlapping rectus captious post major

INN: Dorsal Ramus of C1(sub occipital nerve)

Actions: Ipsilateral SB of head

Question 10

Obliqus Capitus Inferior

Answer 10

PA: SP of C2

DA: TP of C1 at inferoposterior aspect

INN: Dorsal Ramus of C1(Sub occipital nerve)

Actions: Ipsilateral rotation of head

Question 11

Longus Capitus

Answer 11

PA: TP’s of C3-6 at anterior tubercles

DA: Inferior portion of basilar occipital bone

INN: Ventral Rami C1-3

Actions: Flexes the head

Question 12

Longus Colli

Answer 12

PA: -Inf Oblique= bodies of T1-2 along ant surface

• Sup Oblique= TP’s of C3-5 on ant tubercles
• Vertical Portion= C5-T3 bodies along ant surfaces

DA: -Inf Oblique= TP’s of C5-6 on ant tubercles

• Sup Oblique= Ant tubercle of C1
• Vertical Portion= C2-4 bodies along anterior surfaces

INN: Ventral Rami C2-6

Actions: Flexes the neck as a whole