Neck MMT Flashcards
What are the MMT used for the neck?
- Capital extension
- Cervical extension
- Combined extension (capital and cervical)
- Capital flexion
- Cervical flexion
- Combined flexion (capital and cervical)
- Combined flexion and rotation (SCM)
- Cervical rotation
CAPITAL EXTENSION:
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of the test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of the test?
- Patient instruction?
- Patient is lying prone with their head off the table. The PT is stanting at the side. One hand provides resistance to the occiput while the other hand is under the chin. The patient will extend their head by tilting their chin up in a nodding motion (cervical spine not extended).
- “Look at the wall. Don’t let me tilt your head down.”
- ROM=0-25°
-Main muscles are:
-rectus capitus posterior major and minor
-obliquus capitis superior and inferior
-longissimus capitis
-splenius capitis
_________________________________________
-Patient is lying supine with head on the table. The PT is standing at the end of the table with two hands under the occiput. Fingers should be placed at the base of the occiput lateral to the vertebral column to palpate capital extensors.
-“Try to look back at me without lifting your head up.”
CERVICAL EXTENSION
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of the test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of this test?
- Patient instruction?
- Patient is prone with their head off the table. The PT is standing at the side with one hand over the parieto-occipital area for resistance. The other is placed below the chin. The patient will then extend their neck without tilting the chin.
- “Push up on my hand while still looking at the floor. Don’t let me push it down.”
- ROM=0-30°
-Main muscles are:
-Longissimus cervicis
-Semispinalis cervicis
-Iliocostalis cervicis
-Splenius cervicis
_________________________________________
-Patient is lying supine with head on the table. The PT is standing at the end of the table with two hands under the head. Fingers are distal to the occiput at the level of the cervical vertebrae for palpation. The patient the tries to extend their neck into the table.
-“Try to push your head down into my hands.”
COMBINED NECK EXTENSION (capital plus cervical)
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of the test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of the test?
- Patient instruction?
- The patient is prone with their head off the table. The PT has one hand placed over the parieto-occipital area to give resistance and the other under the chin. The patient then extends head and neck through available ROM.
- “Try to look at the ceiling. Now don’t let me push your head down.
- ROM=0-45°
-Main muscles are the same as the capital and cervical.
_________________________________________
-Patient is prone with head supported by the table. The PT has both hands on cervical region and base of occiput for palpation.
-“Try to raise your head off the table and look at the ceiling.”
CAPITAL FLEXION
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of this test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of this test?
- Patient instruction?
- The patient is lying prone with their head on the table. The PT is standing at the end of the table with both hands cupped under the mandible to give resistance in an upward and backward direction. Patient then tries to tuck their chin into their neck without raising thier head from the table.
- “Tuck your chin without lifting your head. Now don’t let me lift your chin.”
- ROM=0-10/15°
-Main muscles are:
-rectus capitis anterior
-rectus capitis lateralis
-longus capitis
_________________________________
-Patient is lying prone with head on table. The PT is at the end of the table for palpation (difficult and only minimal pressure should be used)
-“Try to tuck your chin into your chest.”
CERVICAL FLEXION
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of this test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of this test?
- Patient instruction?
- Patient is lying on table with head supported. The PT has two fingers only on the forehead for resistance and the other may be placed on the chest. The patient flexes the neck by lifting the head straight up without tucking the chin. (weak muscle group)
- “Lift your head from the table while still looking at the ceiling and without raising your shoulders. Don’t let me push your head down.”
- ROM=0-35/45°
-Main muscles are:
-SCM
-Longus coli
-Scalenus anterior
________________________________________
-The patient is lying with head supported. The PT has their fingers placed over the SCM for palpation.
-“Roll your head to the left then to the right.”
COMBINED CERVICAL FLEXION
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of this test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of this test?
- Patient instruction?
- Patient is supine with their head supported. The PT has a hand placed on the forehead for resistance, the other may be used to provide thorax stabilization. The patient then flexes their head and neck, bringing their chin to their chest.
- “Bring you chin to your chest without raising your shoulders. Don’t let me push it down.”
- ROM=N/A
-Main muscles are the same as cervical and capital flexion.
______________________________________
-The patient is laying supine. The PT is at the end of the table and has fingers palpating the SCM biliaterally. The patient attempts to roll the head from side to side.
-“Try to roll your head to the right then back to the left.”
COMBINED FLEXION TO ISOLATE A SINGE SCM
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of this test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of this test?
- Patient instruction?
- The patient is supine with the head turned to the left (to test right SCM). The PT is at the end of the table with one hand placed on the temporal area above the ear for resistance. Patient then raises their head from the table.
- “Lift up your head while keeping your head turned.”
- ROM=0-45/55°
-Same as combined flexion.
_______________________________________
-With patient supine and head turned to the left the PT will paplate for SCM contraction.
-“Roll your head to the right and then to the left.”
CERVICAL ROTATION
Grade 3-5 -What is the process of this test? -Patient instruction? -ROM? -Main muscles? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Grade 0-2
- What is the process of this test?
- Patient instruction?
- Patient is supine with cervical spine in neutral and with the face turned as far to one side as possible. The PT is at the end of the table with one hand placed over the side of the head above the ear for resistance. The patient then tries to rotate their head to neutral.
- “Turn your head to face the ceiling. Now don’t let me push it back.”
- ROM=N/A
- Main muscles are:
- rectus capitis posterior major
- obliquus capitis inferior
- longissimus capitis
- splenius capitis
