Neck and Oral Cavity

Question 1

What can the oral cavity be divided into?

Answer 1

• Outer oral vestibule (includes lips and cheeks).
• Inner oral cavity (enclosed by the teeth).
• Roof (includes both the hard and soft palate).

Question 2

What two arches do the muscles of the soft palate form?

Answer 2

• Palatoglossal arch

- Palatopharyngeal arch

Question 3

What makes up the floor of the oral cavity?

Answer 3

• Mylohyoid muscle
• Geniohyoid muscle
• Tongue

Question 4

Which artery/vein supplies the tongue?

Answer 4

Lingual artery and Lingual vein

Question 5

How is the tongue divided?

Answer 5

• Anterior 2/3 (oral)

- Posterior 1/3 (pharyngeal)

Question 6

What are the different papillae that cover the tongue?

Answer 6

• Fungiform
• Filiform
• Foliate
• Vallate

Question 7

Which papillae is the only one without taste buds on its surface?

Answer 7

Filiform papillae

Question 8

What is the frenulum?

Answer 8

A medial fold on the underside of the tongue which separates the left and right halves of the tongue.

Question 9

Why are the muscles that supply the tongue paired?

Answer 9

Because the tongue is divided into a left side and a right side.

Question 10

What are the two types of muscles that supply the tongue?

Answer 10

Intrinsic and Extrinsic

Question 11

What are the intrinsic muscles in the tongue and what is their function?

Answer 11

Longitudinal, transverse and vertical muscles and their function is to create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing.

Question 12

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 12

• Genioglossus which depresses and protrudes the tongue
• Hypoglossus which depresses the tongue
• Styloglossus which retracts the tongue
• Palatoglossus which elevates the back of the tongue and depresses the soft palate

Question 13

What are the cartilages that make up the larynx?

Answer 13

• Thyroid
• Cricoid
• Arytenoid
• Cuneiform
• Corniculate
• Epiglottis

Question 14

How is blood supplied to the larynx?

Answer 14

• Superior thyroid artery supplies blood to the upper half of the larynx
• Inferior thyroid artery supplies blood to the lower half of the larynx

Question 15

What nerves supply the Larynx?

Answer 15

Superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch of the Vagus nerve (X).

Question 16

What two ligaments are in the larynx?

Answer 16

• Vestibular ligament

- Vocal ligament

Question 17

What is the Accessory Nerve (XI)?

Answer 17

Motor nerve to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius.

It exits the skull at the jugular foramen.

Question 18

What is the Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)?

Answer 18

A special somatic afferent nerve for hearing, equilibrium and motion.

Question 19

What does the Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII) divide into?

Answer 19

Vestibular nerve and Cochlear nerve

Question 20

What shape is the pharynx?

Answer 20

Funnel shaped

Question 21

What are the three sections of the pharynx?

Answer 21

• Nasopharynx
• Laryngopharynx
• Oropharynx

Question 22

What are the three constrictor muscles in the pharynx?

Answer 22

• Superior
• Middle
• Inferior

Question 23

What nerves allow for taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 23

• Chorda tympani (branch of the Facial nerve (VII))

- Lingual nerve (branch of the mandibular nerve (V3))

Question 24

Which nerve detects general sensation in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 24

Lingual nerve (branch of the mandibular nerve (V3))

Question 25

Which nerve detects general sensation and taste in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 25

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Question 26

Which nerves provides a motor supply to the muscles of the tongue?

Answer 26

• Hypoglossal nerve (XII) supplies all but one of the muscles in the tongue
• Vagus nerve (X) only supplies the palatoglossus muscle