Neck anatomy Flashcards
Layers of the deep cervical fascia and their function
Investing layer
- Surrounds all structures in the neck, including trapezius and SCM
Prevertebral layer
- Surrounds the vertebral column and deep muscles of the back
Pretracheal layer
- Surrounds the viscera of the neck
Carotid sheaths
- Surrounds the neurovascular bundles
Boundaries of the posterior triangle
Posterior border of the SCM
Middle 1/3 of the clavicle inferiorly
Anterior border of the trapezius
Contents of the muscular triangle
Infrahyoid muscles
Thyroid and parathyroid gland
Superior and inferior thyroid artery and vein
Anterior jugular vein
Contents of the carotid triangle
Carotid sheath:
Vessels
- CCA
- IJV
- Superior thyroid
- Lingual artery
- Facial artery
- Ascending pharyngeal artery
- Occipital artery
Nerves
- Vagus nerve
- Hypoglossal
- Accessory
- Ansa cervicalis
Nodes
- Deep cervical
Carotid triangle borders
Anterior: superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Superior: Posterior belly of digastric muscle
Posterior: Anterior border of the SCM
Floor: Thyrohyoid, hypoglossus, pharynx muscles.
Contents of the submandibular triangle
- Vessels, muscles, nerves, glands/nodes.
Vessels
- Facial artery and vein
- Submental artery and vein
- Lingual artery
Muscles
- Geniohyoid muscle
- Hypoglossus muscle
Nerves
- Mylohyoid nerve
Glands and nodes
- Submandibular gland and lymph nodes
Deep lingual vein
Borders of the muscular triangle
Superiorly- hyoid bone
Laterally- the superior belly of omohyoid muscle and anterior border of SCM
Base- The midline
Borders of the submandibular triangle
Superiorly
- Inferior border of the mandible and mastoid process
Anteriorly
- Anterior belly of digastric muscle
Posteriorly
- Posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the stylohyoud muscles.
Border and contents of the submental triangle
Borders:
- Superiorly= mandibular symphysis
- Laterally= anterior belly of the digastric muscles
- Inferiorly= hyoid bone
Contents of the anterior triangles (the sub-triangles)
Submental triangle
Submandibular triangle
Carotid triangle
Muscular triangle
Boundaries of the anterior triangle
Anterior border of the SCM
Inferior border of the mandible
Midline of the neck
Carotid triangle borders
Anterioinferiorly: superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Superior: Posterior belly of digastric muscle, stylohyoid
Posterior: Anterior border of the SCM
Floor: Thyrohyoid, hypoglossus, pharynx muscles.
List the posterior traingles of the neck
Subclavian
Occipital
Borders of the occipital triangle
Anterior: posterior border of SCM
Posterior: trapezius
Inferior: inferior belly of omohyoid
Contents of the occipital triangle
Vessels
- Occipital artery
- Transverse cervical
Nerve
- Accessory
- Brachial plexus
- Cervical plexus
- Phrenic nerve
