Neck

Question 1

Attachment and innervation of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 1

Spinal accessory nerve and C2-3

Runs from mastoid process to insert onto sternum and medial clavicle

Question 2

4 suprahyoid muscles

Answer 2

Mylohyoid- mylohyoid nerve from V3
Stylohyoid- facial nerve
Geniohyoid- C1 via facial nerve
Digastric- anterior mylohyoid nerve V3, posterior facial nerve

Question 3

Muscles forming the floor of the posterior triangle

Answer 3

Splenius capitis
Levator scapulae
Posterior scalene
Middle scalene

Question 4

Innervation of levator scapulae

Answer 4

Dorsal scapular nerves, spinal nerves C3 and 4

Question 5

Name the superficial fascia of the neck

Answer 5

Investing fascia (invests sternocleidomastoid)

Question 6

Name the 3 deep fasciae of the neck

Answer 6

Pretracheal
Prevertebral
Carotid sheath

Question 7

What does pretracheal fascia enclose?

Answer 7

Trachea, thyroid, oesophagus

Question 8

Inferior border of pretracheal fascia?

Answer 8

Fibrous pericardium- potential space for infection spread

Question 9

What does prevertebral fascia encase?

Answer 9

Vertebrae, deep cervical muscles forming floor of posterior triangle (levator scapulae, splenius capitis, middle and posterior scalene muscles)

Question 10

What is the retropharyngeal space?

Answer 10

Potential space between prevertebral and pretracheal fascia

Question 11

Which muscles divide the anterior triangle of the neck into 4 smaller triangles?

Answer 11

Digastric muscle and superior belly of omohyoid

Question 12

What muscle divides the posterior triangle into 2 smaller triangles?

Answer 12

Omohyoid, inferior belly

Question 13

Boundaries of submental triangle

Answer 13

Hyoid bone inferiorly

Anterior bellies of left and right digastric muscles

Question 14

Floor of submental triangle

Answer 14

Mylohyoid muscle

Question 15

Contents of submental triangle

Answer 15

Submental nodes draining tip of tongue

Question 16

Borders and contents of carotid triangle

Answer 16

Superior – posterior belly digastric.
Lateral – medial border sternocleidomastoid.
Inferior – superior belly omohyoid.

Common carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Hypoglossal and vagus nerves.

Question 17

Boundaries and contents of submandibular triangle

Answer 17

Superiorly – body of mandible.
Anteriorly – anterior belly digastric.
Posteriorly – posterior belly digastric

Submandibular gland and lymph nodes
Facial artery and vein

Question 18

Boundaries and contents of muscular triangle

Answer 18

Superiorly – hyoid.
Medially – midline of theneck.
Supero-laterally – superior belly omohyoid.
Infero-laterally – inferior sternocleidomastoid

Infrahyoid muscles
Pharynx,
Thyroid and parathyroid glands.