Neck

Question 1

Platysma

Answer 1

Attachments:
- subcutaneous tissue inferior and superior to clavicle
- mandible, cheek, inferior lip, orbicularis oris
Actions:
- depresses mandible (against resistance)
Innervation:
- cervical branch of facial nerve

Question 2

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 2

Attachments:
- mastoid process and occipital bone
- manubrium and medial 1/3 of clavicle
Actions:
- unilateral: laterally flexes and superiorly rotates neck
- bilateral: extends Atlanto-occipital joints
- bilateral: flexes neck
- bilateral: extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior cervical vertebrae
Innervation:
- accessory nerve

Question 3

Suprahyoid muscles

Answer 3

Proximal attachments:
- digastric: base of cranium
- stylohyoid: styloid process
- mylohyoid: body of mandible 
- geniohyoid: body of mandible
Distal attachments:
- hyoid bone
Actions:
- elevate hyoid bone
- depresses mandible (against resistance)

Question 4

Infrahyoid

Answer 4

Proximal attachments:
- omohyoid: scapula
- sternohyoid: manubrium
- sternothyroid: manubrium
- thyrohyoid: thyroid cartilage 
Distal attachment:
- hyoid bone (except sternothyroid: thyroid cartilage)
Actions:
Fix or depress hyoid bone (and larynx: sternothyroid)

Question 5

Anterior scalene

Answer 5

Attachments:
- transverse processes of C3-C6
- 1st rib
Actions: 
- flexes head

Question 6

Middle scalene

Answer 6

Attachments:
- transverse processes C5-C7
- 1st rib
Actions:
- laterally flex neck and elevate 1st ribs during forced inspiration

Question 7

Posterior scalene

Answer 7

Attachments:
- transverse processes C5-C7
- 2nd rib
Actions:
- laterally flex neck and elevate 2nd ribs during forced inspiration