neck Flashcards
describe the Superficial fascia Superficial to deep
Skin
subcutaneus fat
Platysma (facial nerve)
- Deep compartments of Neck (What does each compartment contain?)
Vertebral - vertebra and Musculature
visceral - trachea, osophagus, thyroid
vascular - Vagus, common carotid and the internal jugular
Borders of the anterior triangle
Midline
Ramus of the mandible
Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
Structures at the levels of the neck
C1. open mouth
C2 superior cervical ganglion
C3 Hyoid
C4 biforcation carotid and thyroid cartilage
C6 Cricoid cartilage, middle cervical ganglion
C7 inferior cervical ganglion
Contents of the anterior triangle
Muscles:
hyoid bone
Carotids and internal jugular vein
Which deep muscles are in the following groups?
Suprahyoid
Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid, stylohyoid, , Digastric
Infrahyoid
Thyroihyoid, Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid
TOSS My Gravy Spoon Darling
What about the innervation of the suprahyoid
Innervation
Anterior: Myolohyoid and the anterior belly of digastric via V3
Posterior: Stylohyoid and the posterior belly of digastric via Facial Nerve
EXCEPTION: Geniohyoid C1 fibres via the Hypoglossal Nerve
What about the innervation of the infrahyoid
Innervation of
Omohyoid, Sternohyoid and the sternohyoid via Ansa cervicalis
EXCEPTION: Thyrohyoid muscle C1 fibres via the Hypoglossal Nerve
Borders of the posterior triangle
Clavicle
The posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
the anterior border of the trapezius
contents of the posterior triangle
SUbclavian artery and vein external jugular vein Accessory nerve brachial plexus Phrenic nerve Vagus nerve
Anatomical position of the scalene muscles from anterior to posterior
carotid sheath with its contents Subclavian vein Phrenic nerve Scalenus anterior brachial plexus roots and Subclavian artery Scalenus medius
Where does the spinal accessory nerve exit, innervate and how would you test it?
exist the skull at the jugular foramen
-> innervates sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius
raise shoulders
Where does the vagus nerve exit, innervate and how would you test it?
Jugular foramen
innervates the larynx, Heart, lungs and the GI tract
Where does the phrenic nerve exit, innervate and how would you test it?
C3,C4,C5 innervate the diaphragm
lies anterior scalenus muscles
enters thorax between the subclavian artery and vein
What 2 arteries supply the thyroid gland
Superior thyroid artery - external carotid
inferior thyroid artery - subclavian artery
it also innervates the superior oesophagus and the trachea
What arteries drain the thyroid gland
Superior and middle drain into the jugular vein
inferior thyroid vein drains into the brachicephalic trunk
Where is the brachial plexus in relation to the scalene muscles
between Scalenus Anterior and Scalenus Medius
PLacement, use and complications of a central line
placed into thte neck
thorax
groin
What are the branches of the subclavian artery
vertebral artery
internal thoracic
inferior thyroid artery
Complication nerve damage air embolism thrombosis infection
