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Anatomy > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Hyoid bone

A

does NOT articulate w/ skeleton

invovled with swallowing, vocalization, tongue movement

fractured when strangled

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2
Q
A

red = investing (superficial fascia)

purple = infrahyoid fascia

blue = pretracheal fascia and buccopharyngeal fascia

brown = carotid sheath

yellow = prevertebral/deep fascia

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3
Q

Investing layer of fascia

A

sleeve that binds all strs in neck

surrounds SCM and trapezius

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4
Q

Pretracheal fascia

A

covers thyroid, parathyroid, trachea, esophagus

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5
Q

Carotid sheath

A

carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus n.

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6
Q

Prevertebral (deep cervical) fascia

A

covers vertebral musculature

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7
Q

Borders of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Superior: inferior border of the mandible

Anterior: anterior median line

Posterior: SCM

*ant/pos bellies of digastric and superior belly of omohyoid further divide triangle…

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8
Q

Name the triangles of the anterior neck.

A

green - carotid

purple - submandibular

blue - muscular

red - submental

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9
Q

Submandibular triangle boundaries

A

Anterior: anterior belly of digastric

P/I; posterior belly of digastric

S: inf. border of mandible

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10
Q

Submental triangle boundaries

A

*only UNPAIRED triangle*

L/R: L/R anterior belly of digastric

inferior: hyoid bone

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11
Q

Muscular triangle boundaries

A

A: anterior median line

P/S: superior belly of omohyoid muscle

P: SCM

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12
Q

Carotid triangle boundaries

A

A/I: superior belly of omohyoid m.

A/S: posterior belly of digastric m.

P: SCM

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13
Q

3 muscles off of the styloid process

A

Styloglossus (VII), stylopharyngeus (IX), and Styloglossus (XII)

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14
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

digastric (anterior and posterior bellies), stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

*aka submandibular triangle

  • connect skull to hyoid bone
  • raise hyolaryngeal complex during swallowing and vocalization, raise hyoid and base of tongue

*mylohyoid, geniohyoid, anterior belly of digastric - also specifically help with jaw opening (mandible depression)

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15
Q

Innervation of the strap muscles

A

Facial n. (CN VII)

posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid mm.

N. to mylohyoid (V3)

anterior belly of digastric, mylohyoid mm.

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

sternohyoid, sternothryoid, inferior belly of omohyoid, superior belly of omohyoid mm.

C1 (traveling w/ CN XII)

thyrohyoid, geniohyoid mm.

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16
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid m. (superior and inferior bellies), sternohyoid m., thyrohyoid m., sternothyroid m.

lower hyoid or thyroid cartilage or stabilize them when talking

are located inferior to the hyoid bone or insert on the inferior aspect of the hyoid bone.

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17
Q

Contents of submandibular triangle

A
  1. submandibular gland
  2. submandibular lymph nodes
  3. N. to mylohyoid (V3)
  4. Facial a. (and v.) w/ submental branch

*a = deep to submandibular gland, v = superficial

  1. Lingual a. (deep to hyoglossus)
  2. Submandibular duct
  3. Hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
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18
Q

Facial a. and facial v. in relation to submandibular gland

A

Facial VEIN passes superficial to submandibular gland, facial ARTERY passes deep/through the gland

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19
Q

Digastric m.

A

Contains intermediate tendon that is attached to hyoid via a fascial sling and separates into

ANTERIOR BELLY (CN V3 - n. to mylohyoid)

POSTERIOR BELLY (CN VII)

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20
Q

Mylohyoid m.

A

one of the SUPRAhyoid mm.

forms floor of oral cavity, has central raphe

raises floor of oral cavity + tongue when swallowing

N; n. to mylohyoid (CN V3)

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21
Q

Geniohyoid m.

A

*one of the suprahyoid mm.

DEEP to mylohyoid

N: C1 root of ansa cervicalis (travels w/ CN XII)

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22
Q

Submental triangle

A

UNPAIRED // centrally located

boundaries =

L/R: L/R anterior belly of digastric

I: hyoid bone

Contents:

lymph nodes

small veins that unite to form anterior jugular vein

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23
Q

Carotid triangle contents

A

superior portion of common carotid a.

large part of internal carotid a.

external carotid a. (+ many of its branches)

internal jugular v.

vagus n. (CN X) + all the branches

Cervical sypathetic trunk

CN XI

CN XII

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24
Q

Internal carotid artery

A

No major branches in neck

Branches in head to supply orbit, pituitary gland, and cerebrum

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25
Q

Branches of external carotid

A

Superior thyroid a.

Ascending pharyngeal a.

Lingual a.

Facial a.

Occipital a.

Posterior auricular a.

Superficial temporal a. (w/ transverse facial a. branch)

Maxiallary a.

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26
Q

Superior thyroid a.

A

*branch of external carotid*

Thyroid gland, infrahyoid region + larynx

*superior laryngeal a. branches from superior thyroid artery - this artery piereces the thyrohyoid membrane w/ the internal laryngeal n.

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27
Q

What two structures pierce the thyrohyoid membrane

A

superior laryngeal a.

internal laryngeal n.

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28
Q

Ascending pharyngeal a.

A

*branch of external carotid a.

to pharynx, prevertebral mm., meninges, tympanic membrane, soft palate

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29
Q

Lingual a.

A

*branch of external carotid a.

to tongue & oral mucosa, suprahyoid region, sublingual gland, tonsils

***RUNS DEEP TO HYOGLOSSUS M.

30
Q

Occipital a.

A

*branch of external carotid a.

31
Q
A

anterior belly of digastric m.

32
Q
A

mylohyoid m.

33
Q
A

stylohyoid m.

34
Q
A

posterior belly of digastric m.

35
Q
A

hypoglossal n.

36
Q
A

ansa cervicalis

37
Q
A

phrenic n.

38
Q
A

vagus n.

39
Q
A

common carotid a.

40
Q
A

sternothyroid m.

41
Q
A

sternohyoid m.

42
Q
A

mylohyoid m.

43
Q
A

anterior belly of digastric m.

44
Q
A

thyrohyoid m.

45
Q
A

omohyoid m.

46
Q
A

posterior belly digastric m.

47
Q
A

facial a.

48
Q
A

hypoglossal n.

49
Q
A

ansa cervicalis

50
Q
A

vagus n.

51
Q
A

common carotid a.

52
Q
A

deep temporal a.

53
Q
A

posterior superior alveolar a.

54
Q
A

maxillary a.

55
Q
A

lingual n.

56
Q
A

Chorda tympani n.

57
Q
A

inferior alveolar n.

58
Q

Facial a.

A

to submandibular gland, lips, nose, facial muscles, and angle of the eye

*runs DEEP to submandibular gland

59
Q

Posterior auricular a.

A

to tympanic membrane, ear, posterior scalp

60
Q

Superficial temporal a.

A

to parotid gland, ear, face, zygomatic & temporal regions of the face

**GIVES OFF transverse facial a before ascending

61
Q

Maxillary a.

A

infratemporal fossa, nasal cavity, superior pharynx

62
Q

Where does the vagus n. run?

A

Between the internal carotid a. and the internal jugular v. w/in the carotid sheath

63
Q

Where does the spinal accessory nerve run?

A

enters carotid triangle from BEHIND posterior belly of digastric and runs to posterior aspect of SCM

64
Q

Where does hypoglossal nerve run?

A

Enters carotid triangles from behind the posterior belly of digastric, then runs anterior to exit triangle and “loops” into the floor of the mouth

65
Q

Vagus n. runs beteween

A

Internal carotid a. and internal jugular v.

*internal jugular vein is LATERAL

**vagus runs DEEP to both of these + in the middle

66
Q

Draw the vagus n. + decribe branches

A
67
Q
A
68
Q
A
69
Q
A
70
Q
A

Anatomy (10 decks)

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