Neck

Question 1

What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 1

• Sternohyoid
• Sternothyroid
• Thyrohyoid
• Omohyoid (superior and inferior bellies)

Question 2

What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles?

Answer 2

• Geniohyoid
• Mylohyoid
• Stylohyoid
• Digastric (anterior and posterior bellies)

Question 3

Interruption of the sympathetic chain in the neck can result in a distinct condition known as what?

Answer 3

Horner’s syndrome

Question 4

What does the cervical sympathetic ganglia include?

Answer 4

• Superior ganglia (very large; supplies structures of head via internal carotid plexus)
• Middle ganglia
• Inferior ganglia

Question 5

Where do all lymph nodes of the neck eventually drain?

Answer 5

into deep cervical nodes

Question 6

Where does the majority of the body’s lymph drain?

Answer 6

Into the thoracic duct on the left

Question 7

What does the right lymphatic duct drain?

Answer 7

Lymph from the right upper limb, right side of head and neck, and right side of the thorax.

Question 8

What suspends the omohyoid muscle to the clavicle?

Answer 8

fascial sling

Question 9

Which are the superficial and deep infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 9

• Superficial: sternohyoid (most anterior) and omohyoid (directly posterior to sternohyoid)
• Deep: thyrohyoid and sternothyroid

Question 10

Innervation of omohyoid?

Answer 10

ansa cervicalis

Question 11

Innervation of thyrohyoid?

Answer 11

thyrohyoid branch of C1 via hypoglossal

Question 12

Innervation of sternothyroid?

Answer 12

ansa cervicalis

Question 13

Innervation of sternohyoid?

Answer 13

ansa cervicalis

Question 14

Innervation of anterior belly of digastric?

Answer 14

nerve to mylohyoid

Question 15

Innervation of posterior belly of digastric?

Answer 15

facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 16

Innervation of stylohyoid?

Answer 16

facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 17

Innervation of geniohyoid?

Answer 17

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 18

Innervation of mylohyoid?

Answer 18

nerve to mylohyoid

Question 19

Where is the internal jugular vein in relation to the anterior neck?

Answer 19

deep to SCM

Question 20

Which artery pierces the submandibular gland?

Answer 20

facial artery (very superficial)

Question 21

What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?

Answer 21

• Submandibular gland
• Submandibular lymph nodes
• Submandibular duct
• Lingual nerve (V3) and submandibular ganglion
• Mylohyoid nerve (V3)
• Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
• Facial artery
• Lingual artery

Question 22

What are the contents of the submental triangle?

Answer 22

Lymph nodes and small veins that unite to form anterior jugular

Question 23

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

Answer 23

• Superior portion of common carotid
• Large part of internal carotid
• External carotid and many of its branches
• Portions of cranial nerves X, XI, XII
• Sympathetic chain
• Cervical plexus (ansa)

Question 24

Which space contains suprahyoid muscles and which contains infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 24

• Suprahyoid: submandibular triangle

- Infrahyoid: muscular triangle

Question 25

Which is most superficial- sternohyoid or sternothyroid muscle?

Answer 25

sternohyoid

Question 26

What does the pretracheal fascia contain?

Answer 26

thyroid and parathyroid glands, trachea, esophagus

Question 27

What are the main functions of the hyoid bone?

Answer 27

tongue movement, vocalization, swallowing

Question 28

A large depression at the top of the sternum b/t the articulations and two clavicles; forms the apex of the anterior triangle.

Answer 28

jugular notch

Question 29

The carotid artery divides into internal and external branches where?

Answer 29

At hyoid bone

Question 30

Function of digastric muscle?

Answer 30

Stabilizes and raises hyoid bone; anterior/posterior movement of hyoid bone

Question 31

What pierces the thyrohyoid membrane?

Answer 31

internal laryngeal nerve (branch of the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve)

Question 32

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk and what do they supply?

Answer 32

- Inferior thyroid: thyroid and larynx - Transverse cervical: scalene and posterior triangle muscles, brachial plexus - Suprascapular: area above scapula and rhomboids - Ascending cervical: area around scalenes and anterior tubercles

Question 33

There are no lymph nodes above which point of the neck?

Answer 33

pericervical lymphatic collar

Question 34

During swallowing, which group of muscles contract and which are relaxed?

Answer 34

- Suprahyoids contract | - Infrahyoids are relaxed

Question 35

Each internal carotid artery enters the skull via______.

Answer 35

the carotid foramen

Question 36

Are the parathyroid glands located on the anterior or posterior aspect of the thyroid gland?

Answer 36

posterior aspect

Question 37

What are the anterior prevertebral muscles?

Answer 37

- Longus coli - Longus capitis - Rectus capitis anterior - Anterior scalene

Question 38

What are the lateral prevertebral muscles?

Answer 38

- Rectus capitis lateralis - Splenius capitis - Levator scapula - Middle and posterior scalenes

Question 39

The internal superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of which nerve and travels with which artery?

Answer 39

- Branch of vagus nerve (CN X) | - Travels w/ superior thyroid artery

Question 40

The external superior laryngeal nerve supplies which muscle?

Answer 40

cricothyroid