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Anatomy Exam #2 > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

A
  • Sternohyoid
  • Sternothyroid
  • Thyrohyoid
  • Omohyoid (superior and inferior bellies)
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2
Q

What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles?

A
  • Geniohyoid
  • Mylohyoid
  • Stylohyoid
  • Digastric (anterior and posterior bellies)
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3
Q

Interruption of the sympathetic chain in the neck can result in a distinct condition known as what?

A

Horner’s syndrome

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4
Q

What does the cervical sympathetic ganglia include?

A
  • Superior ganglia (very large; supplies structures of head via internal carotid plexus)
  • Middle ganglia
  • Inferior ganglia
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5
Q

Where do all lymph nodes of the neck eventually drain?

A

into deep cervical nodes

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6
Q

Where does the majority of the body’s lymph drain?

A

Into the thoracic duct on the left

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7
Q

What does the right lymphatic duct drain?

A

Lymph from the right upper limb, right side of head and neck, and right side of the thorax.

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8
Q

What suspends the omohyoid muscle to the clavicle?

A

fascial sling

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9
Q

Which are the superficial and deep infrahyoid muscles?

A
  • Superficial: sternohyoid (most anterior) and omohyoid (directly posterior to sternohyoid)
  • Deep: thyrohyoid and sternothyroid
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10
Q

Innervation of omohyoid?

A

ansa cervicalis

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11
Q

Innervation of thyrohyoid?

A

thyrohyoid branch of C1 via hypoglossal

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12
Q

Innervation of sternothyroid?

A

ansa cervicalis

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13
Q

Innervation of sternohyoid?

A

ansa cervicalis

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14
Q

Innervation of anterior belly of digastric?

A

nerve to mylohyoid

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15
Q

Innervation of posterior belly of digastric?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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16
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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17
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid?

A

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

18
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid?

A

nerve to mylohyoid

19
Q

Where is the internal jugular vein in relation to the anterior neck?

A

deep to SCM

20
Q

Which artery pierces the submandibular gland?

A

facial artery (very superficial)

21
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?

A
  • Submandibular gland
  • Submandibular lymph nodes
  • Submandibular duct
  • Lingual nerve (V3) and submandibular ganglion
  • Mylohyoid nerve (V3)
  • Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
  • Facial artery
  • Lingual artery
22
Q

What are the contents of the submental triangle?

A

Lymph nodes and small veins that unite to form anterior jugular

23
Q

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

A
  • Superior portion of common carotid
  • Large part of internal carotid
  • External carotid and many of its branches
  • Portions of cranial nerves X, XI, XII
  • Sympathetic chain
  • Cervical plexus (ansa)
24
Q

Which space contains suprahyoid muscles and which contains infrahyoid muscles?

A
  • Suprahyoid: submandibular triangle

- Infrahyoid: muscular triangle

25
Q

Which is most superficial- sternohyoid or sternothyroid muscle?

A

sternohyoid

26
Q

What does the pretracheal fascia contain?

A

thyroid and parathyroid glands, trachea, esophagus

27
Q

What are the main functions of the hyoid bone?

A

tongue movement, vocalization, swallowing

28
Q

A large depression at the top of the sternum b/t the articulations and two clavicles; forms the apex of the anterior triangle.

A

jugular notch

29
Q

The carotid artery divides into internal and external branches where?

A

At hyoid bone

30
Q

Function of digastric muscle?

A

Stabilizes and raises hyoid bone; anterior/posterior movement of hyoid bone

31
Q

What pierces the thyrohyoid membrane?

A

internal laryngeal nerve (branch of the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve)

32
Q

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk and what do they supply?

A
  • Inferior thyroid: thyroid and larynx
  • Transverse cervical: scalene and posterior triangle muscles, brachial plexus
  • Suprascapular: area above scapula and rhomboids
  • Ascending cervical: area around scalenes and anterior tubercles
33
Q

There are no lymph nodes above which point of the neck?

A

pericervical lymphatic collar

34
Q

During swallowing, which group of muscles contract and which are relaxed?

A
  • Suprahyoids contract

- Infrahyoids are relaxed

35
Q

Each internal carotid artery enters the skull via______.

A

the carotid foramen

36
Q

Are the parathyroid glands located on the anterior or posterior aspect of the thyroid gland?

A

posterior aspect

37
Q

What are the anterior prevertebral muscles?

A
  • Longus coli
  • Longus capitis
  • Rectus capitis anterior
  • Anterior scalene
38
Q

What are the lateral prevertebral muscles?

A
  • Rectus capitis lateralis
  • Splenius capitis
  • Levator scapula
  • Middle and posterior scalenes
39
Q

The internal superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of which nerve and travels with which artery?

A
  • Branch of vagus nerve (CN X)

- Travels w/ superior thyroid artery

40
Q

The external superior laryngeal nerve supplies which muscle?

A

cricothyroid

Anatomy Exam #2 (12 decks)

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