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Anatomy mod 3 > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis and Dermis

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2
Q

Is the epidermis innervated or inert?

A

inert

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3
Q

Is the epidermis waterproof or not?

A

waterproof

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4
Q

Is the epidermis vascular or non-vascular?

A

non-vascular

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5
Q

What is the dermis?

A

Dense connective tissue

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6
Q

Is the dermis vascular or non-vascular?

A

vascular

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7
Q

Is the dermis innervated or not?

A

innervated

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8
Q

What does the dermis do?

A

Strengthens and nourishes the epithelium

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9
Q

What are the two layers of fascia?

A

superficial and deep

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10
Q

What is superficial fascia ?

A

Subcutaneous tissue

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11
Q

3 functions of superficial fascia

A

distributes vessels and nerves, skin mobility and insulation

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12
Q

What does the deep fascia separate?

A

Superficial fascia from deep structures

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13
Q

Describe deep fascia

A

strong and protective

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14
Q

What type of tissue is superficial fascia in the neck?

A

subcutaneous adipose tissue

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15
Q

How are structures in the deep fascia of the neck compartmentalised?

A

deep layers (tubes) of bandaging

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16
Q

What do tubes of deep fascia run between and connect?

A

superior mediastinum and base of skull

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17
Q

How does infection in the neck tend to spread?

A

within fascial compartments by opening up potential spaces

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18
Q

What does deep fascia help prevent?

A

spread of infection from one compartment to another

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19
Q

What is superficial neck fascia?

A

adipose connective tissue

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20
Q

What does the superficial neck fascia lie between?

A

skin and deep neck fascia

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21
Q

What does the superficial neck fascia contain?

A

Sensory nerves, platysma muscles, blood vessels and lymphatics

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22
Q

What is the cervical plexus?

A

anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C2,C3 and C4

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23
Q

What can the anterior rami spinal nerves intertwine to form?

A

plexuses

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24
Q

What do sensory receptors in the skin respond to?

A

touch, temperature, pain

25
Q

How to sensory receptors in the skin respond?

A

triggering sensory action potential

26
Q

What is the cervical plexus sensory to?

A

skin and fascia of neck, shoulder and face (over angle of mandible)

27
Q

Name the 4 sensory nerves- cervical plexus?

A

great auricular, transverse cervical, lesser occipital and supraclavicular

28
Q

What is the nerve point?

A

where the cervical plexus nerves go deep, posterior to the middle of the sternocleidomastoids posterior border)

29
Q

What group does platysma belong to?

A

muscles of facial expression

30
Q

What group of muscles supply platysma?

A

Branch of CNVII

31
Q

Where do the superficial veins of the neck lie?

A

superficial fascia

32
Q

What system are the superficial veins part of?

A

Jugular venous

33
Q

Where do superficial jugular veins drain into?

A

internal jugular veins

34
Q

What are the superficial jugular veins called?

A

(right and left) external, anterior and superficial jugular communicating

35
Q

What is deep cervical fascia made of?

A

fibrous connective tissue

36
Q

What are the 3 layers of deep cervical fascia?

A

investing, pretracheal and prevertebral

37
Q

What deep cervical fascia layer contains carotid sheath?

A

prevertebral

38
Q

What muscles are in the investing layer of deep cervical fascia?

A

trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

39
Q

Which layer is immediately deep to superficial fascia?

A

investing

40
Q

What does the investing layer split superiorly to enclose?

A

submandibular and parotid salivary glands

41
Q

What does the pretracheal visceral part enclose?

A

thyorid gland, trachea and oesophagus

42
Q

What does the pretracheal muscular part enclose?

A

strap muscles

43
Q

What does the prevertebral layer enclsoe?

A

postural muscles and cervical vertebrae

44
Q

What are carotid sheaths?

A

tubular fascial bandages that run the full length of the neck

45
Q

What do carotid sheaths connect?

A

superior mediastinum to jugular foramina and carotid canals in base of skull

46
Q

where do carotid sheaths lie between?

A

investing, pretracheal and prevertebral

47
Q

What do carotid sheaths contain?

A

internal jugular veins, carotid arteries, vagus nerves, lymph nodes and lymphatics

48
Q

What is the buccopharyngeal fascia continuous with?

A

pretracheal fascia inferiorly

49
Q

Name the anterior triangles

A

submandibular, submental, muscular and carotid

50
Q

Clinical testing of spinal accessory

A

ask pt to shrug shoulders and turn head to look down towards opposite side

51
Q

What does the hypoglossal nerve supply?

A

motor supply to striated muscle of tongue except palatoglossus

52
Q

What does the carotid sheath contain?

A

internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, vagus nerve and deep cervical lymph nodes

53
Q

Motor fibres in ansa cervicalis

A

C1,C2 and C3

54
Q

What does ansa cervicalis supply?

A

strap muscles except thyrohyoid (c1)

55
Q

Nerve in posterior triangle?

A

spinal accessory

56
Q

contents of submandibular triangle

A

submandibular salivary gland, facial artery and vein, hypoglossal nerve and submandibular lymph nodes

57
Q

Contents of submental triangle

A

origin of anterior jugular veins, submental lymph nodes

58
Q

Contents of muscular triangle

A

strap muscles and ansa cervicalis

59
Q

carotid triangle contents

A

carotid sheaths

Anatomy mod 3 (8 decks)

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