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History of Architecture 1 > near east architecture > Flashcards

near east architecture Flashcards

1
Q

Near east is situated in ______ and ______

A

tigris and euphrates

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2
Q

Tigris and Euphrates is the ______

A

valley of twin rivers

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3
Q

near east is called the ______

A

fertile crescent

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4
Q

first group of city-states

A

eridu, ur, uruk

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5
Q

what is the firsy true city?

A

uruk

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6
Q

the whole district is alluvial

A

chaldaea or lower mesopotamia

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7
Q

where do thick mud or clay is formed

A

Tigris and Euphrates

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8
Q

what do the near east civilization worship?

A

heavenly bodies: sun and moon; powers of nature

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9
Q

walls are made of ______

A

ordinary sundried bricks

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10
Q

god of light and good

A

ormazd

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11
Q

god of darkness and evil

A

ahriman

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12
Q

what is the symbol ormazd

A

fire

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13
Q

who were the people that were sturdy, warlike but cruel people?

A

assyrians

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14
Q

it was calculated by rawlinson that has great platforms

A

mound of koyunjik

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15
Q

how many men constructed the mound of koyunjik for many years?

A

10000 men for 12 years

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16
Q

it is a wedge shape charatern written in clay tablets with triangular ended instrument

A

cuneiform

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17
Q

it reigned from 4500 BCE to 2000 BCE

A

summerian period

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18
Q

what are the city states of summerian period?

A

eridu, nippur, lagash, kish, ur, uruk

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19
Q

what is the population of summerian empire during 2800 BCE?

A

between 40000 and 80000 people

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20
Q

what is the building material of summerians?

A

mud

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21
Q

what is the trading system of summerians?

A

bartering

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22
Q

individuals could only rent land from _______

A

priests

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23
Q

what is the fabric city of summerians?

A

uruk and ur

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24
Q

it is the pyramidal stepped temple tower

A

ziggurat

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25
Q

what is the measurement of ziggurat’s base
for square and rectangle?

A

square: 170 sq ft. or 50 sq. m.
rectangle: 125x170 ft or 40x50 m

26
Q

it has 50000 population

A

white temple of uruk

27
Q

it is dedicated to the sky god: Anu

A

white temple of Uruk

28
Q

white temple of uruk is rested on a broad terrace with ________

A

13 m above the plan

29
Q

how many laborers constructed white temple of uruk and how many years it was finished?

A

1500 laborers of 10 hrs/day for 5 yrs to built

30
Q

it is one of the largest and best - preserved ziggurat

A

great ziggurat of ur

31
Q

who built the great ziggurat of ur?

A

King Ur-Nammu of 3rd dynasty

32
Q

great ziggurat of ur is dedicated to ______

A

Moon god Nanna

33
Q

what is the measurement of great ziggurat of ur?

A

l= 64 mnor 210 ft
w= 45 m or 140 ft
h= 30 m or 98 ft

34
Q

it reigned from 2350-2200 BCE

A

akkadian period

35
Q

the ruler of akkadian which he successfully centralized power in mesopotamia

A

Sargon the great

36
Q

Sargon replaced village based loyalty to ______ which diminshed the power of local chieftains

A

loyalty of ruler

37
Q

it reigned from 2000-1600 BCE

A

babylonian period

38
Q

who ruled the babylonian period?

A

hammurabi

39
Q

it is the period of great cultural development in engineer, astronomy, and literary sports

A

babylonian period

40
Q

they created the concept of counting and sexagesimal number system

A

babylonian

41
Q

what number is used because of its multiple divisors?

A

60

42
Q

it is constitution and law regulation civil life

A

law of hammurabi

43
Q

how many edicts are there in law of hammurabi?

A

282 edicts

44
Q

it is an epic written 4000 years ago

A

epic of gilgamesh

45
Q

it is a quadrangle sitting across and pierced by euphrates

A

city of babylonian

46
Q

it is procession street and had a pair of projecting towers on each wall

A

ishtar gate

47
Q

what are the animals shown in ishtar gate?

A

lions, bulls and dragons

48
Q

it is called marvel of mankind which dedicated to queen amytis by king nebuchadezzar II

A

Hanging garden of Babylon

49
Q

it is established 1st true empire in 1350-612 BCE

A

assyrian empire

50
Q

what are the cities established by assyrian empire?

A

Assyria and Khorsabad

51
Q

assyrian discovered ______ for weaponry

A

iron

52
Q

it is located in khorsabad and has 10 hectares

A

palace of sargon

53
Q

it reigned from 539-530 BCE

A

persian empire

54
Q

this empire has no architectural of their own

A

persian empire

55
Q

the new cities in persian empire

A

sisa and persopolis

56
Q

it has no lessnthan 8 different buildings

A

persopolis

57
Q

what is the measuremnt of persopolis?

A

l= 1500 ft
w= 1000 ft

58
Q

it is used for audience and throne hall

A

hall of hundred columns

59
Q

how many stone doors and windows are there in hall of hundred columns?

A

44

60
Q

it is built during 485 BCE which is used for throne room and no enclosing walls

A

hypostyle hall of xerxes

History of Architecture 1 (2 decks)

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