NDT/NDI Review Flashcards
What are the two most common hardness testers used in industry, that we discussed in class?
- Brinell
- Rockwell
TYPE OF HARDNESS TESTER
Measures diameter of impression of hardened spherical ball;
Hydraulic actuation + Calibrated microscope
Brinell
TYPE OF HARDNESS TESTER
Measures depth indicated by dial;
Two penetrants = Diamond cone (for harder material) & Hardened steel ball (softer material).
Rockwell
The Hardness tester that uses a hardened spherical ball and measures the diameter of the penetration of the ball to determine hardness would be the?
Brinell Tester
3 tools that an AME should have to carryout visual inspections:
Bright light
Magnifying glass
Mirror
When inspecting for a surface defect using visual inspection and a flashlight, what angle’s to the inspection surface should the light be held at toward the face?
5-45 degree angle
What power magnifying glass should be used to confirm the existence of a crack(the most common one used in our industry)
10 power (10x)
What tool would an AME use to inspect the inside of an engine cylinder for corrosion or wear with the cylinder still installed on the engine?
Boroscope
What tool provides the user with an image on a screen and can be used to inspect areas not accessible with the naked eye or mirror?
Fiberoptic Scope (Boroscope) Videoscope
What type of NDT inspection can be used to detect CRACKS open to the surface only?
penetrant inspection
liquid penetrant
When looking for surface cracks it is important not to clean away paint or dirt using sanding, scraping, brushing or abrasive blasting, why?
these methods may close of the discontinuities on the surface and will hide any defects.
When using fluorescent penetrant what kind of light is needed to illuminate the penetrant?
black light
The recommended time that penetrant is left on the surface before it is cleaned off and developer applied is called what?
Dwell time
NDT method that detects cracks on or near the surface in ferrous metals such as engine crankshaft.
Magnetic particle Inspection
Ultrasonic inspection uses what form of energy moving through the specimen to detect flaws?
Sound Energy
When performing eddy current inspection a reference piece is used, what is the test piece made from?
A reference Standard (test pieces) is made from the same material as the item being tested.
3 basic ultrasonic inspection methods:
- Pulse Echo
- Through Transmission
- Resonance
What type of magnetism is used when looking for subsurface cracks?
Magnalo DC Inspection for SUBSURFACE cracks
Magnalo AC Inspection for SURFACE cracks
What kind of instrument is used to check a part for residual magnetism after inspection?
- Flux gauges
- Gauss
- Magnetic Field Strength Meter
Type of NDT method that can be used to determine a materials alloy and heat-treat condition?
Eddy Current
What are the two basic procedures used in ultrasonic inspection?
Immersion Testing
Contact Testing
What is the most accurate statement about a properly designed welded joint?
A properly designed joint weld is stronger than the base metal that it joins.
How much penetration should a butt weld have?
100% of the thickness of base metal
What two forms of NDT can be used to inspect bonded structures?
Ultrasonic inspection
What kind of weld joint requires the weld have 25% to 50% penetration of the base metal thickness?
fillet weld
What is the most basic method an AME can use to check for delamination of a bonded structure?
coin tap test
What kind of tests are used to determine a fabrics airworthiness?
Punch test and Pull/Grab test
Who is the governing body in Canada for NDT?
Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB)
Who is the certifying body for NDT in Canada?
National Non-Destructive Testing Certificaton Body (NNDTCB )
What are the four NDT methods that have alternate training requirements in the CARS that alleviates certification under the national standards?
- Liquid Penetrant
- Magnetic Particle inspection
- Eddy Current
- Ultrasonic inspections
What is the hardness tester that measures depth of penetration?
Rockwell tester
2 types of penetrators used with the rockwell tester?
- Diamond cone
- Hardened ball steel
What are two fabric puncture testers called we discussed?
sayboth and maule tester
When doing a tap test what defects can be detected?
delamination and debonding
What indicates a defective area when doing a tap test?
- flat or dead ring out
- dull sound
hairline cracks in plastic due to age exposure to sun and stress.
crazing
What optical device can be used to inspect the edge of a plastic window that is obscured by aircraft fairings or skin?
Prism inspection
What kind of material can liquid penetrant insp be used on to detect flaws?
- Nonporous materials>metals>ceramics, plastics -molded rubber,
- glass.
What is the limiting factor when using liquid penetrant insp?
Defect must be OPEN TO SURFACE in order to let penetrant get into the defect
How can liquid penetrant be applied?
Sprayed, brush, or submerged
What kind of material can magnetic particle insp be used on to detect defects?
method of detecting invisible cracks and other defects in ferromagnetic materials(ferrous metals), such as iron and steel.
What kind of particles are used when carrying out mag particle insp?
ferromagnetic particles
What kind of magnetism is used to detect surface cracks?
Magnaglow AC Magnetism Inspection
What is formed across a crack that particles are attracted to during mag particle insp?
A new North and South Pole
How is longitudinal magnetism created?
Run coil around an Iron Core and run current through that AC/DC = look for cracks perpendicular to length
How is circular magnetism created?
Pass current through AC/DC = magnetized circular. Detect cracks/faults run lengthwise of part
What must be done to a part after Mag particle insp?
Demagnetize to prevent disturbance from mag field)
Mag particle insp that used fluorescent dyed particles is referred to as what?
Magnaglo Inspection
What kind of material can eddy current insp be used on?
ferrous and non ferrous metals
What kind of preparation is required before doing eddy current insp?
Calibration/Reference Standard
What does a reference standard contain (test block)?
Contains known flaws or cracks
What is a reference standard made from?
Made from the same material as the item being tested.
______ ______ are induced in a test article when AC is applied to a test coil (probe). The AC in the coil induces an alternating magnetic field in the article, causing _____ _____ to flow in the article
Eddy currents, eddy currents
What influences the flow of eddy currents in a test piece?
Flaws in or thickness changes of test piece
The coil is located at the end of the test probe what measurement is taken from the coil that indicates a defect in the test material?
- Impedence (resistance of an electric circuit or component to Alternating Current)
- Variation
What kind of material can ultrasonic insp be used on?
all types
How many sides need to be accessible when using the pulse echo method of ultrasonic insp?
Only ONE side for pulse echo
The two procedures used for ultrasonic insp are?
- Immersion Testing (Immersed in liquid coupulant)
- Contact Testing (coupled by viscous material, liquid, or a paste wetting both face and search unit)
What procedure of ultrasonic insp is used best for field use?
contact testing
How many side need to be accessible when using the through transmission method of ultrasonic insp?
TWO opposite sides needed to be accessible
How many display patterns are used with ultrasonic insp?
There are three types of display patterns: “A” scan, “B” scan, and “C” scan.
When C/O Ultrasonic testing using the contact procedure(pulse echo) what is used between the transducer and the test material?
Viscous material, liquid, paste, or a gel that wets both face of transducer and material under examination
What form of NDT uses straight line and angle beam testing techniques?
Ultrasonic inspection
Xray insp can be used on what kinds of material?
Metal fabrications and non-metallic products
What will a crack or defect appear as on an xray?
Black line? Dark lines?
What form of ultrasonic insp can be use to check the thickness of pipes?
Resonance
What form of ndt can be used on whole airframe or engine structure?
Xray/Radiographic Inspection
