NCSF Bioenergetics

Question 1

An energy substrate produced during the metabolic breakdown of glucose

Answer 1

Lactic Acid

Question 2

Consists of a glycerol and three fatty acids bound together in a single large molecule; an important energy source forming much of the fat stored in the body.

Answer 2

Triglycerides

Question 3

Basic organic molecules consisting of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen that combine to form proteins

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

Compounds of protein that carry fats and fat-like substances such as cholesterol in the blood

Answer 4

Lipoproteins

Question 5

A blood protein produced in the liver that helps to regulate water distribution in the body.

Answer 5

Albumin

Question 6

An energy substrate deemed as the end-product in glycolysis.

Answer 6

Pyruvate

Question 7

A unit measuring the energy value of foods

Answer 7

Calorie

Question 8

A protein that catalyzes a biochemical reaction or change

Answer 8

Enzyme

Question 9

A unit of energy equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius at one atmospheric pressure.

Answer 9

Kilocalorie

Question 10

An intracellular organelle responsible for generating most of the ATP required for cellular operations.

Answer 10

Mitochondria

Question 11

The buffered form of lactic acid which can serve as an additional energy source.

Answer 11

Lactate

Question 12

An organic compound found in muscle tissue and capable of providing rapid energy for muscular contractions.

Answer 12

Creatine Phosphate

Question 13

An enzyme present in muscle and other tissues that catalyzes the reversible conversion of ADP and phosphocreatine into ATP and creatine.

Answer 13

Creatine Kinase

Question 14

The component to fatigue generally described as a reduction in the neural drive or were-bsed motor command to working muscles which results in a decline in the force output.

Answer 14

Central Fatigue

Question 15

In the absence of freely available oxygen, the process of energy production in the body is known as _________.

Answer 15

anaerobic metabolism

Question 16

The metabolic process that breaks down carbs and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and releases energy for the body in the form of ATP:

Answer 16

Glycolysis

Question 17

An enzyme capable of breaking down a lipid in a process known as Lipolysis

Answer 17

Lipase

Question 18

Identify the number of calories per gram as established by the Atwater general factors for the following:

1. Proteins
2. Fats
3. Carbohydrates
4. Alcohol

Answer 18

1. Proteins 4
2. Fats 9
3. Carbs 4
4. Alcohol 7

Question 19

What type of acid is associated with a burning sensation in active tissue during high intensity exercise?

a. Fatty acid
b. Citric acid
c. Lactic acid
d. Amino acids

Answer 19

C. Lactic acids

Question 20

High intensity anaerobic exercise may be limited by contractility inhibition due to the presence of which of the following:

a. Hydrogen ions
b. Nitrogen ions
c. Carbon dioxide
d. All of the above

Answer 20

A. Hydrogen ions

Question 21

Improved glucose-sparing associated with endurance training enhances the ability of the muscle to use which of the following fuel sources?

a. Proteins
b. Lipids
c. Amino Acids
d. Carbohydrates

Answer 21

B. Lipids

Question 22

Even with sufficient levels of oxygen and lipids to meet the intensity demand of work, significant fatigue will ensue when ________ becomes depleted.

a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Amino Acids
d. Creatine

Answer 22

A. Carbohydrates

Question 23

What is the primary energy source used to fuel a 3RM squat?
A. Stored ATP
B. Creatine Phosphate
C. Glycogen
D. Lactate

Answer 23

B. Creatine Phosphate

Question 24

For optimal performance, what is the minimal rest interval between sets for vertical jump based on proper ATP replenishment?

a. 30 seconds
b. 90 seconds
c. 120 seconds
d. 3 minutes

Answer 24

B. 90 seconds