NCSF Anatomy Flashcards
Initial abduction (0-30%) of the humerus is caused by the _______ muscle, which also serves to stabilize the shoulder joint
Supraspinatus muscle
Increasing the length of the _________ will increase the difficulty of an exercise
Resistance Arm
The ______ consists of a single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates.
Motor Unit
The ______ causes trunk rotation and lateral flexion
External Oblique
During an abdominal curl-up, it is important that the pelvis remains tilted _________ during abdominal flexion due to the fact that the abdominals connects to the pelvis, not the femur
Posteriorly
The primary muscle(s) trained during the supine pullover exercise include ____________.
Latissimus dorsi and the pectoralis major
An anterior pelvic tilt would cause an increased ______ spinal curvature of the lumbar spine
Lordotic
During the proper performance of the back squat, the erector spinae is performing a(n) _________ muscle contraction during the downward phase of the movement.
Isometric
What is the innermost layer of the abdominal wall and serves as the primary abdominal stabilizer of the spine?
Transverse abdomonis
Beyond ______ degrees of abdominal flexion, the ______ muscles are activated and take over the role of the primary mover.
30, Hip Flexor
While the prime movers, or agonist muscle groups, concentrically contract, the __________ muscles lengthen.
Antagonist
The four muscles that make up the rotator cuff are ________, __________, _________, __________.
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, Teres minor.
The ________ is the primary muscle that extends the hip during the squat and modified deadlift.
Gluteus Maximus
The _________ serves to externally rotate the humerus.
Teres Minor
The _________ is commonly trained using the shrug exercise, but also assists with pulling movements.
Trapezius
____________ is an unnatural movement for the shoulder joint that often leads to injury.
Hyperflexion
The movement of the bone laterally or away from its natural anatomical position is termed ___________.
Abduction
The ______ is best trained when the knee is extended.
Gastrocnemius
The ________ is the prime mover in a calf exercise when the knee is flexed, such as in the seated calf raise.
Soleus
The prime mover in the upright row is the _______, as the movement is abduction in the frontal plane.
Deltoid.
The ________ is the primary muscle group involved in hip flexion.
Iliopsoas.
A point of articulation between to or more bones
Joint
Consists of two bones that are united by fibrous tissue and exhibit little or no movement
Fibrous Joints
Unite two bones by means of either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
Cartilaginous Joints
Contains synovial fluid and allows for considerable movement between articulating bones
Synovial Joints
A tough, elastic fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, outer ear, and larynx.
Hyaline Cartilage
