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HESI Review > NCLEX Reveiw > Flashcards

NCLEX Reveiw Flashcards

1
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A 
Physiologic
Safety
Love and Belonging
Esteem
Self-actualization
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2
Q

Nursing Process

A 
Assessment
Diagnosis (Analysis)
Planning
Implementation 
Evaluation
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3
Q

ABCs

A

Airway
Breathing
Circulation

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4
Q

Normal Hgb for male and female

A

Male: 14-18
Female: 12-16

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5
Q

Normal Hct for male and female

A

Male: 42-52
Female: 37-47

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6
Q

Normal RBCs for male and female

A

Male: 4.7-6.1 million
Female: 4.2-5.4 million

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7
Q

Normal WBCs

A

4.5-11 k

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8
Q

Platelets

A

150-400 k

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9
Q

Monitor PT when taking which medication?

A

Coumadin/Warfarin

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10
Q

Normal PT (Prothrombin Time)

A

11-12.5 sec

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11
Q

Monitor PTT when taking which medication?

A

Heparin

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12
Q

Normal PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)

A

60-70 sec

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13
Q

Normal BUN

A

10-20

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14
Q

Creatinine

A

0.5-1.2

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15
Q

Glucose

A

70-100

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16
Q

Cholesterol

A

< 200

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17
Q

Bilirubin in Newborn

A

1-12

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18
Q

Phenylalanine in Newborn and Adult

A

Newborn: < 2
Adult: < 6

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19
Q

Na

A

135-145

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20
Q

K

A

3.5-5.5

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21
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Less than 3.5, Prominent U waves, Depressed ST segment, Flat T waves

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22
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Greater than 5.5, Tall T waves, Prolonged PR interval, wide QRS

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23
Q

Ca

A

8-10.5

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24
Q

Hypocalcemia

A

Less than 8, Muscle spasms, convulsions, cramps/tetany, (+) Trousseau’s/Chvostek’s, prolonged ST interval, prolonged QT segment

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25
Q

Mg

A

1.5-2.5

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26
Q

Cl

A

96-106

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27
Q

Phosphorus

A

3-4.5

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28
Q

Albumin

A

3.5-5

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29
Q

Specific Gravity

A

1.005-1.030

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30
Q

Dilantin

A

10-20

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31
Q

Lithium

A

0.5-1.5

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32
Q 
ABGs
CO2
HCO3
O2
O2 Sat
A

CO2: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26
O2: 80-60
O2 Sat: 95-100%

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33
Q

Digoxin antidote

A

Digiband

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34
Q

Coumadin

A

Vitamin K (Keep PT and INR at 1-1.5 x normal)

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35
Q

Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate

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36
Q

Opiates

A

Narcan (Naloxone)

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37
Q

Cholinergic Meds

A

Atropine

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38
Q

Methotrexate

A

Leucovorin

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39
Q

Universal (Standard) Precautions

A

HIV initiated
Wash hands, wear gloves, gowns for splashes, masks/eye protection, don’t recap needles, mouthpiece/Ambu-bag for resuscitation, refrain from giving care if you have skin lesion

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40
Q

Droplet (Respiratory) Precautions

A

Wear mask
Sepsis, scarlet fever, strep, 5th disease, pertussis, pneumonia, Diphtheria, epiglottitis, rubella, rubeola, meningitis, mycoplasma, adenovirus, rhinovirus, RSV, TB

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41
Q

Rifampin

A

For treatment of TB Rust/orange/red urine and body fluids

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42
Q

Pyridium

A

For treatment of bladder infection

Orange/red/pink urine

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43
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale

A

< 8 = coma

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44
Q

Myesthenia Gravis

A

Neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and rapid fatigue of any muscles under voluntary control. Antibodies bind to ACh receptors and prevent muscle contraction.

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45
Q

Myesthenic Crisis

A

Weakness with change in vitals

*Give more medication

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46
Q

Cholinergic Crisis

A

Weakness with no change in vitals

*Reduce medications

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47
Q

Diabetic Coma vs. Insulin Shock

A

Give glucose FIRST, if no help, give insulin

48
Q

Fruity breath

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

49
Q

Acid/Base Balance: Diarrhea

50
Q

Acid/Base Balance: Vomiting

51
Q

Skin tastes salty

A

Cystic Fibrosis

52
Q

Contraindications with Liptor or Statin meds

A

No grapefruit juice

53
Q

When would you hold Digoxin?

54
Q

Stay in bed for 3 hours after first ACE inhibitor dose

55
Q

With Ca Channel Blockers, avoid what juice

A

Grapefruit juice

56
Q

Prevention of Pulmonary air embolism

A

Trendelenburg + On left side

57
Q

Primary concern with Head Trauma and Seizures

A

Maintain Airway

58
Q

Discomfort relief between Peptic Ulcer and Gastric Ulcer

A

Feed a duodenal ulcer (pain relieved from food)

Starve a gastric ulcer

59
Q

Observations for Acute Pancreatitis

A

Bluish discoloration of flanks (Turner’s Sign), Bluish discoloration of pericumbelical region (Cullen’s Sign), Board like abdomen with guarding.
Self digestion of pancreas by trypsin

60
Q

If food residual is greater than 100mL

A

Hold tube feeding

61
Q

Gullian-Barre Syndrome

A

Weakness progresses from legs upward - Respiratory Arrest

62
Q

Trough draw

A

~ 30 min before scheduled administration

63
Q

Peak draw

A

30-60 min after drug administration

64
Q

MAOIs caution with food that contain….?

A

Tyramine = hypertensive crisis

65
Q

MAOIs medications

A

Nardil, Marplan, Parnate

66
Q

Phenothiazines common s/e

A

EPS, Photosensitivity

67
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics

A

Work on (+)/(-) symptoms and have less EPS

68
Q

Benzodiazepines are used for

A

Alcohol withdrawal and Status Epilepticus

69
Q

Alcohol deterrence

A

Antabuse, avoid anything/everything with alcohol

70
Q

S/S of Alcohol withdrawal

A

Depression, fatigue, anxiety, disturbed sleep

71
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Acidosis

Too much CO2 retained

72
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Alkalosis

Too much CO2 blown

73
Q

Opiate overdose sign

A

Pinpoint Pupils

74
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Kidney stone

75
Q

Flank Pain

A

Stone in kidney or upper ureter/bladder

76
Q

With renal failure, restrict what intake?

77
Q

Hyperkalemia observations

A

Dizzy, weak, nausea, cramps, arrhythmias

78
Q

Pre-renal problem

A

Interference with renal perfusion

79
Q

Intra-renal problem

A

Damage to renal parenchyma

80
Q

Post-renal problem

A

Obstruction in UT anywhere from tubules to urethral meatus

81
Q

3 Phases of Renal Failure

A

Oligouric, Diuretic, Recovery

82
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

A

Moon face, hyperglycemia, acne, hirsutisim, buffalo hump, mood swings, weight gain.
Adrenal suppression, delayed growth in kids

83
Q

Addison’s Crisis

A

Medical emergency
Vascular collapse, hypoglycemia, tachycardia
Administer IV glucose + corticosteroids

84
Q

Aldactone (Spironolactone)

A

K+ sparing diuretic

85
Q

Aldactone and ACE inhibitor

A

Monitor for hyperkalemia

86
Q

MI tx

A

Nitro

No digoxin, BB, or atropine

87
Q

When are you able to resume sex after an MI?

A

When able to climb 2 slights of stairs without exertion

88
Q

TB tx and cautions

A

Multidrug regimen for 9 months.
Rifampin reduces effectiveness of OCs and turns pee orange
Isoniazide (INH) increases Dilantin blood levels

89
Q

Early signs of cerebral hypoxia

A

Restlessness and Irritability

90
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Confusion, HA, irritable, nausea, swelling, tremors, hunger, slurring

91
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

weakness, syncope, polydipsia, polyuria, blurred vision, fruity breath

92
Q

What type of isolation precaution

HIV

93
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Multidrug-resistant (MRSA)

A

Standard/Contact

94
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Candidiasis (Thrush)

95
Q 
What type of isolation precaution
Varicella Zoster (Chicken Pox)
A

Airborne and contact

96
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Clostridium Difficile Enterocolitis (C.Diff)

97
Q 
What type of isolation precaution
Infectious Mononucleosis (Mono)
98
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Rubella

99
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Meningococcal Meningitis

A

Droplet for 24 hrs

100
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Impetigo

A

Contact for 24 hrs

101
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Seasonal Influenza

102
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Rubeola (Measles)

103
Q

What type of isolation precautions

Tuberculosis (TB)

104
Q 
What type of isolation precautions
Infectious Parotitis (Mumps)
A

Droplet for 9 days

105
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Rotavirus

106
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

107
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Tetanus

A

Standard- not transmitted person to person

108
Q

What type of isolation precaution

E. coli

A

Standard- contact for diapered incontinent persons

109
Q 
What type of isolation precaution 
Herpes zoster (Shingles) Localized
A

Standard- localized

110
Q 
What type of isolation precaution 
Herpes zoster (Shingles) Disseminated disease
A

Airborne and contact

111
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

112
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Lice (head)

A

Contact- isolation up to 24 hrs

113
Q

What type of isolation precaution

Lyme disease

A

Standard- not transmitted person to person

114
Q

Early sign and symptom of hypoxia think…

A

Restless and tachycardia

115
Q

What is the desired urine output for an adult and child? Think mL/kg

A

Adult: 0.5mL/kg
Child: 1mL/kg

116
Q

Minimum urine output per hour?

HESI Review (4 decks)

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