NCLEX-LPN _ BURNS Flashcards
WHAT SHOULD WATER TEMP BE SET AT TO PREVENT BURNS FOR ELDERLY AND CHILDREN ?
NO HIGHER THAN 120 DEGREE F.
WHY DOES PLASMA LEAK INTO SURROUNDING TISSUE AFTER A BURN ?
INCREASED CAPILLARY PERMIABILITY
WHEN DOES THE MAJORITY OF VASCULAR SEEPAGE INTO SURROUNDING TISSUES OCCURE AFTER A BURN ?
FIRST 24 HOURS
WATCH FOR SHOCK
AFTER A BURN, WHY DO THE FOLLOW PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OCCUR ?
- INCREASED PULSE
- DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUT
- DECREASED URINE OUTPUT
REACTION TO FVD
PLASMA SEEPING INTO SURROUNDING TISSUE, BODY TRYING TO MAINTAIN VOLUME AND PRESSURE
WHY IS ADH SECRETED AFTER A BURN ?
RETAIN WATER BY NOT URINATING TO MAINTAIN VOLUME AND PRESSURE
WHY IS ALDOSTERONE SECRETED AFTER A BURN ?
RETAIN WATER AND SODIUM TO MAINTAIN VOLUME AND PRESSURE
WHAT IS THE TREATMENT FOR A BURN ?
- STOP THE BURN PROCESS
- COOL NO MORE THAN 10 MINUTES
- REMOVE JEWELRY
- COVER
- TREAT FOR SHOCK
WHAT IS THE #1 CAUSE OF DEATH IN RELATION TO BURN ACCIDENTS ?
INHALATION INJURY
WHAT ARE THE TWO MOST COMMON CAUSES OF INHALATION INJURY / DEATH ?
CARBON MONOXIDE / HYDROGEN CYANIDE
WOULD A PERSON WHO EXPERIENCED AN INHALATION INJURY / ACCIDENT BE AT A GREATER OR LESSER RISK OF EXPOSURE SEVERITY IN AN ENCLOSED SPACE?
GREATER SEVERITY DUE TO HIGHER CONCENTRATION IN AN ENCLOSED SPACE
WHAT A PRIMARY HEALTHCARE PROVIDER DO TO A PATIENT WHO HAS BEEN BURNED ON THIER FACE, NECK AND CHEST ?
INTUBATE TO PROTECT THE AIRWAY
WHAT ARE THE FOLLOWING S/S OF ?
- SINGED NOSE / FACIAL HAIR
- SOOT ON FACE
- COUGHING UP DARK / BLACK SECRETIONS
- DIFFICULTY SWALLOWING
- WHEEZING / HORESNESS
- BLISTERS AROUND THE MOUTH
- ACCESSORY MUSCLE BREATHING WITH STRIDOR
INHALATION INJURY
IF A BURN PATIENT’S BREATHING IS SHALLOW, WHAT ARE THE Y RETAINING ?
WHAT ACID BASE IMBALANCE WOULD THEY HAVE ?
RETAINING CO2
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
HOW SHOULD SYSTEMIC ABX THERAPY BE MANAGED FOR A BURN PATIENT ?
BROAD SPECTRUM ABX ONLY USED UNTIL WOUND CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY RESULTS HAVE BEEN REPORTED TO PREVENT SUPER INFECTIONS or ABX RESISTANT BACTERIA
WHAT LABS VALUES SHOULD BE MONITORED WHEN TREATING A PATIENT WITH MYCIN ABX ?
CREATININE / BUN
WHY IS THE INCREASE IN CREATININE and/or BUN IN A PATIENT BE TREATED WITH A MYCIN ABX ?
CAN LEAD TO OTOTOXICITY and/or NEPHROTOXICITY
WHAT CAN BE USED AS A TOPICAL TREATMENT FOR BURNS THAT PROVIDES A UNIFORM AMOUNT OF ________ PROVIDING BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS ?
SILVER IMPREGNATED DRESSINGS
HOW LONG CAN SILVER IMPREGNATED DRESSING BR LEFT IN PLACE ?
3 - 14 DAYS DEPENDING ON THE CLINICAL SITUATION
WHY IS IMPORTANT TO CHECK A BURN PATIENT FOR SULFATE ALLERGIES PRIOR TO USING ANTIMICROBIAL CREAMS ?
MANY CONTAIN SULFATES
WHAT CLINICAL PRACTICE IS CRITICAL IN WHEN TREATING BURN PATIENTS ?
ASEPSIS
HOW DO YOU APPLY A TOPICAL AGENT TO A BURN ?
THIN LAYER USING STERILE GLOVES AND APPLICATOR
SUTILAINS (TRAVASE) and/or COLLAGENASE (SANTYL) ARE EXAMPLES OF WHAT TYPE OF TOPICAL AGENTS ?
ENZYMATIC DEBRIBEMENT AGENTS
DO NOT USE ENZYMATIC DEBRIDEMENT AGENTS ON …….. ?
- FACE
- PREGNANT
- OVER LARGE NERVES
- BODY AREAS OPEN TO CAVITIES
WHERE ARE AUTOGRAFTS OBTAINED FROM ?
FROM PATIENT’S OWN HEALTHY DONOR SITE
IN A WELL NOURISHED HEALTHY PATIENT, HOW SOON CAN A DONOR HARVEST SITE BE RE-HARVESTED ?
12 - 14 DAYS
WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO A BURN PATIENT’S CALORIC NEEDS ?
THEY WILL GO UP
HOW LONG POST BURN SHOULD A BURN PATIENT’S CALORIC NEEDS BE ADJUSTED ?
1 -2 DAYS POST BURN
WHAT TWO DIETARY SUBSTANCES ARE VITAL TO PROMOTING HEALING IN A BURN PATIENT ?
PROTEIN / VITAMIN C
WHAT SPECIFIC LAB WORK WOULD YOU LOOK AT TO ENSURE PROPER NUTRITION AND A POSITIVE NITROGEN BALANCE IN A BURN PATIENT ?
PREALBUMIN
HOW OFTEN IS AN IN DWELLING CATHETER CHECKED FOR A BURN PATIENT ?
EVERY HOUR
WHY IS IT POSSIBLE TO NOT SEE ANY URINE FLOW WHEN PLACING A CATHETER FOR A BURN PATIENT?
KIDNEYS ARE RETAINING FLUID TO MAINTAIN CIRCULATORY PRESSURE or THEY ARE NOT BEING PERFUSED.
WHAT DRUG IS GIVEN TO A BURN PATIENT TO HELP FLUSH THE KIDNEYS ?
MANITOL
KIDNEY FAILURE CAN RESULT IF THERE IS NO URINE FLOW or IF URINE OUTPUT IS LESS THAN ___________ ?
30mL / HR
AFTER ABOUT 48 HOURS, A BURN PATIENT WILL BEGIN TO DIURESE.
WHY ?
FLUID VOLUME IS BEGINNING TO RETURN TO THE VASCULAR SYSTEM.
ONCE FLUID BEGINS TO RETURN TO THE VASCULAR SYSTEM AFTER ABOUT 48 HOURS IN A BURN PATIENT, WHAT IS A SECONDARY CONDITION TO BE CAUTIOUS OF ?
FLUID VOLUME OVER LOAD
WHAT ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE ARE BURN PATIENTS AT RISK FOR ?
HYPERKALEMIA
WHY ARE BURN PATIENTS AT RISK FOR HYPERKALEMIA ?
CELLS LYSE DURING BURN PROCESS RELEASING INTERNAL CONTENTS CONTAINING HIGH LEVELS OF POTASSIUM. SERUM POTASSIUM LEVELS INCREASE AS URINE OUTPUT DECREASES.
WHAT GI ISSUES CAN OCCURE IN BURN PATIENTS ?
STRESS ULCERS
WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR A STRESS ULCER ?
CURLING’S ULCER
WHY WOLD THE FOLLOWING MEDICATIONS BE GIVEN TO A BURN PATIENT ?
- MAGNESIUM CARBONATE (GAVISCON)
- PANTAPROZOLE (PROTONIX)
- FAMOTIDINE (PEPCID)
TO PREVENT STRESS / CURLING’S ULCERS
WHY WOULD A PCM HAVE A BURN PATIENT NPO AND HAVE AN NG TUBE CONNECTED TO SUCTION ?
PATIENT CAN DEVELOPE A PARALYTIC ILEUS
