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101a Vocab > NCLEX generics > Flashcards

NCLEX generics Flashcards

1
Q

prochlorperazine

A

Compazine; antiemetic

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1
Q

alendronate; risedronate

A

Bone resorption inhibitors take in am before food with a full glass of water and remain upright for 30 min

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2
Q

clonidine

A

antiHTN avoid EtOH, hi Na foods, smoking change position slowly

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3
Q

tamoxifen

A

antineoplastic for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer tumors GI upset–with food, antiemetic can cause vag bleeding, hot flashes-stops after tx

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3
Q

meclizine

A

antiemetic; tx of vertigo and motion sickness

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3
Q

flurbiprofen

A

inhibition of intraop miosis

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4
Q

folic acid

A

treatment of anemia, liver disease, alcoholism, bowel obstruction, def in pregnancy hi folic acid foods: bran, yeast, dried beans, nuts, fruits, fresh veg, asparagus

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6
Q

dabigatran

A

Pradaxa anticoagulant

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7
Q

insulin isophane

A

NPH; onset 1 hour, peak 4-12 h

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8
Q

levonorgestrel

A

Mirena IUD (5 years) ; po emergency contraceptive monitor for PID and bg in DM pts

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8
Q

estradiol

A

treatment of menopause symptoms, inoperable breast cancer (non est dep) atrophic vaginitis osteoporosis prevention contact md if over 5 lbs/week wt gain may increase risk of endometrial/ovarian cancer and CV events

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9
Q

vancomycin

A

glycopeptide abx Can cause hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, tinnitus, and red man syndrome

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9
Q

acarbose

A

OHA; take with first bite of food

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9
Q

travoprost

A

antiglaucoma ophthalmic pressure on tear ducts 1 min stop if eye inflamm occurs; may cause itching and discomfort

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10
Q

probenecid

A

antigout and increase PEN levels in gonorrhea tx avoid purine foods and alcohol

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10
Q

albuterol

A

sympathomimetic bronchodilator rescue asthma inhaler, prevention EIA po: take with food (twf) pt-take radial pulse

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11
Q

diazepam

A

Valium; benzo

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11
Q

carbidopa/levodopa

A

dopaminergic replacement for Parkinson’s take with food change positions slowly can darken body secretions and increase LFTs can cause twitching, mental/mood changes, dizziness and arrythmias

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12
Q

nabumetone

A

NSAID

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12
Q

indapamide

A

thiazide diuretics

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13
Q

hydroxychloroquine

A

Plaquenil antimalarial, tx of SLE and RA

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13
Q

beta blockers

A

SE: bradycardia, cold extremeties oHoTN bronchospasm heart block can worsen HF and mask hypoglycemia in diabetics Don’t d/c abruptly check pulse-hold for less than 50 and call MD

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13
Q

insulin regular

A

onset 30-60 min; peak 2-4 hrs

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13
Q

nitrofurantoin

A

urinary anti-infective (Macrobid);

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15
Q

hydroxyzine

A

antihistamine itching, anxiety, n/v, sedation

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16
Q

tamsulosin

A

Flomax; alpha adrenoceptor antagonist.; treats BPH by decreasing spasms; change positions slowly

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17
Q

CCBs

A

amlodipine nifedipine diltiazem verapamil decrease workload of heart, coronary vasodilator SE: flushing edema avoid OTC cold meds and caffeine monitor HR

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17
Q

doxepin

A

TCA

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17
Q

benztropine

A

anticholinergic; treatment of Parkinson’s, EPS and acute dystonia taper to d/c change positions slowly antidote: physostigmine

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17
Q

caffeine/ergotamine

A

treats vascular HA take at onset/prodromal stage–abortive toxic ergotism:n/v/d, confusion

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17
Q

tiotropium ipratropium

A

anticholinergic; COPD maintenance, bronchodilator for bronchospasm rinse mouth after inhalation–can cause dry mouth, thrush 10-12 GOW/day

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18
Q

lactulose

A

laxative used for chronic constipation and to decrease ammonia level

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19
Q

sucralfate

A

antiulcer med

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21
Q

isoniazid

A

antitubercular can cause peripheral neuropathy and liver damage

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22
Q

methylphenidate

A

ADHA, narcolepsy, depression in elderly taper to d/c; don’t take too close to bedtime decrease caffeine

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22
Q

norethidrone

A

progestin OCP mgmt of uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, endometriosis may cause wt gain; contact md if over 5 lbs/week avoid smoking

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23
Q

ticlodipine

A

plt aggregation inhibitor

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23
Q

hyoscyamine

A

anticholinergic; treats spastic d/o and urinary incontinence

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25
Q

zidovudine

A

AZT antiviral HIV med GI upset/insomnia resolve after 3-4 weeks

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26
Q

levobunolol

A

topical ophthalmic beta blocker; glaucoma, ocular HTN pressure on tear duct 1 min report SOB, cp, palpitations; diabetics monitor BG for HoGly

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27
Q

potassium

A

do not infuse faster than 10 mg/hr in adults IV infusions may sting/ monitor for extravasation hyperkalemia: lethargy, confusion, GI s/s, decreased UOP hypokalemia: fatigue, weakness, polyuria/dipsia, cardiac changes avoid otc antacids, salt substitutes

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28
Q

chlordiazepoxide

A

Librium; benzo

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29
Q

tolterodine

A

Detrol; anticholinergic used to treat overactive bladder

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29
Q

general NSAIDS

A

take with food, upright 30 min avoid alcohol, other NSAIDS, ASA, steroids (some just caution) monitor for blurred vision, tinnitus, fluid retention, melena can increase CV thrombotic events, GI bleed/ulcer

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29
Q

baclofen

A

skeletal muscle relaxant (reduce spasticity in MS, SCI, muscle rigidity) take with food, avoid CNS depressants taper to d/c

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31
Q

topiramate

A

Topamax anticonvulsant, antimigraine

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31
Q

indomethacin

A

NSAID antirheumatic take with food, upright 30 min avoid alcohol, other NSAIDS, ASA

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31
Q

selegiline

A

indirect-acting dopaminergic agent Parkinson’s, adjust to L/C taper to d/c (r/f parkinsonian crisis) avoid MAOIs and tyramine foods

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33
Q

doxycycline

A

tetracycline abx avoid milk and food high in Ca

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35
Q

prednisone hydrocortisone methylprednisolone

A

corticosteroids AE: PUD/perf depression HTN, fluid retention n/d hyperglycemia immunosuppression slow healing weight gain Diet: Hi PRO, Ca&D, low Na take with food, milk, antacids

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36
Q

amitriptyline

A

TCA; avoid alcohol, take hs; anticholinergic effects, arrythmias

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37
Q

lidocaine

A

antiarrythmic-PVCs monitor BUN/creat and for rales

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38
Q

ferrous sulfate

A

upright 15-30 min to avoid esophageal erosion; take 1 hour before bedtime with or without food; avoid within 2 hours of antacids, eggs, milk, coffee/tea Stools with turn black/green; call md for blood streaks

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39
Q

niacinamide

A

treatment of pellagra, hi cholesterol may cause HA, flushing, oHotn take with food, ASA/NSAIDSto reduce flushing change positions slowly

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40
Q

triamcinolone

A

Nasacort; steroid asthma inhaler

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40
Q

phenytoin

A

Dilantin anticonvulsant, TGN, migraines, Bell’s palsy Can cause gingival hyperplasia, increased BG and turn body fluids pink/re/brown Taper to d/c Long term supplement folic acid

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41
Q

triamcinolone

A

topical anti-inflammatory-steroid

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42
Q

metformin

A

biguanide OHA take with meal to decrease GI distress danger of lactic acidosis toxicity–need good hepatic and renal function (monitor) ; stop med with dehydration, infection and 48h before contrast dye

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43
Q

theophylline

A

treatment of asthma, COPD bronchospasm methylxanthine bronchodilator take with full glass water on empty stomach avoid otc meds with ephedrine, alcohol, smoking, caffeine can cause sinus tach, watch for toxicity (n/v, anxiety, convulsions)

44
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

A

Bactrim; sulfonamide abx take with full glass water, photosensitivity

46
Q

insulin aspart

A

rapid acting; onset 15 min, peak 1-3 h

47
Q

ibuprofen

A

NSAID antirheumatic take with milk/food caution with ASA allergy monitor for blurred vision, tinnitus, fluid retention

47
Q

naproxen

A

NSAID antirheumatic with food

48
Q

brimonidine

A

antiglaucoma ophthalmic WAIT 15 MIN TO PUT IN CONTACTS

49
Q

etodolac

A

NSAID antirheumatic toxicity: blurred vision, tinnitus can increase CV thrombotic events, GI bleed/ulcer

51
Q

promethazine

A

Phenergan; antiemetic used for motion sickness, allergies, pre/post op sedation

52
Q

cyanocobalamin hydroxocobalamin

A

vitamin B12 replacement; pernicious anemia foods hi in B12: meats, seafood, egg yolk, ferm cheese

53
Q

divalproex

A

Depakote anticonvulsant and antimania, antimigraine

54
Q

amiodorone

A

treats ventricular arrythmias Watch for pulmonary toxicity and neurotoxicity (tingling, weakness, tremors) HR before admin photosensitivity can increase AST, ALT

55
Q

temazepam zaleplon zolpidem

A

hypnotics used short term for insomnia Short term only, avoid CNS depressants

56
Q

dicyclomine

A

anticholinergic; IBS tx take 30 min before meals and hs

57
Q

bupropion duloxetine mirtazapine trazodone venlafaxine

A

novel antidepressants

58
Q

colchicine

A

antigout increase fluids and avoid purine foods and grapefruit abd cramps is sign of toxicity

60
Q

statins

A

take 1 h before or 4 h after other meds can cause hypoprothrombinemia–watch for bleeding monitor liver enzymes and muscle pain avoid grapefruit

61
Q

ergocalciferol

A

vitamin D replacement; rickets, psoriasis,RA, hypoparathyroid may cause metallic taste, dry mouth

62
Q

dipyridamole

A

plt aggregation inhibitor

64
Q

sulfasalazine

A

antiulcer med; treats IBS and arthritis

65
Q

pregabalin

A

Lyrica anticonvulsant and neuropathic pain

65
Q

diclofenac

A

NSAID, antirheumatic , post op cataract inflam, dysmenorrhea take with full glass water and upright 30 min

66
Q

metaxalone

A

skeletal muscle relaxant avoid CNS depressants and activities that require alertness until effects are known

68
Q

metronidazole

A

antiprotozoal urine dark red/brown no alcohol-Disulfiram Rxn

69
Q

disulfiram

A

with alcohol causes flushing, cp/arrythmias, HoTN, seiaures, throbbing HA, sweating also avoid cough syrup, vinegar, lotions with alcohol begin tx 12h after last drink

71
Q

amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin

A

aminoglycoside abx danger of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity/vertigo/tinnitus dont use in pregnancy

71
Q

metoclopramide

A

Reglan; increases gastric emptying

72
Q

glimepiride glyburide glipizide

A

Sulfonylurea OHAs take 30 min before meal

73
Q

carbamazepine

A

Tegretol; bipolar d/o, seizures, TGN, neuropathy can cause myelosuppression, photosensitivity, and diplopia

74
Q

donepezil

A

AD treatment–stabilizes, relieves symptoms

75
Q

eletriptan

A

antimigraine can cause coronary artery vasospasm–call 911/MD for cp or SOB call for AMS, tachcardia, faintness, sweating, ataxia (r/f MI, VT, VFib)

76
Q

dorzolamide dorzolamide/timolol

A

antiglaucoma ophthalmic; ocular HTN; lowers IOP; sulfonamide may cause stinging, blurred vision, tearing, and photophobia, and bitter taste but only stop med if eye inflamm occurs pressure on tear ducts 1 min

78
Q

levothyroxine

A

replacement thyroid hormone (T4) take same time daily avoid hi I foods and iodized salt

80
Q

fluocinonide

A

topical anti-inflammatory-steroid

81
Q

cromolyn

A

opthtalmic, treats conjunctivitis, keratitis no soft contacts

82
Q

carisoprodol

A

skeletal muscle relaxant avoid CNS depressants and activities that require alertness until effects are known can cause dependence

83
Q

lamotrigine

A

Lamictal anticonvulsant

84
Q

hydralazine

A

antiHTN take PO dose with food.

85
Q

lithium

A

bipolar agent-mood stabilizer level:0.6-1.2 (1-1.5) increase fluids and adequate salt intake s/s toxicity: v/d, weakness, drowsiness, ataxia

86
Q

chlorthalidone

A

thiazide diuretic

88
Q

metolazone

A

thiazide

89
Q

methotrexate

A

antineoplastic used to treat RA, psoriasis, and cancer don’t take with ASA or NSAIDS can cause alopecia, anorexia, mouth sores, nvd monitor for pulmonary toxicity (dry cough)

90
Q

zolmitriptan

A

acute migraine avoid tyramine foods, alcohol, and decrease caffeine can cause serotonin syndrome when used with antidepressants

92
Q

phentermine

A

appetite suppressant

93
Q

methocarbamol

A

skeletal muscle relaxant avoid CNS depressants and activities that require alertness until effects are known can give IV/IM/PO metallic taste and green/black urine

94
Q

timolol

A

topical ophthalmic beta blocker; glaucoma, ocular HTN pressure on tear duct 1 min WAIT 15 MIN TO PUT IN CONTACTS

96
Q

buspirone

A

antianxiety med Avoid EtOH, CNS depressants, demerol, MAOIs, and grapefruit juice

97
Q

ketoconazole

A

topical antifungal

99
Q

fluconazole

A

antifungal can increase PT with coumadin monitor BG in DM pts

100
Q

dig therapeutic level

A

0.5-2

101
Q

cromolyn sodium inhaler

A

antiinflammatory, mast cell stabilizer asthma prophylaxis not for acute attacks notify MD for wheezing, resp distress

103
Q

sotalol

A

antiarrythmic

104
Q

alprazolam

A

Xanax; benzodiazepine can cause dependance; don’t d/c abruptly, can cause seiaures

106
Q

acyclovir valacyclovir

A

Zovirax Valtrex antiviral increase fluids

107
Q

cyclobenzaprine

A

skeletal muscle relaxant; relieves muscle spasms from acute conditions avoid CNS depressants and activities that require alertness until effects are known

109
Q

amphotericin B

A

antifungal

110
Q

hydrocodone

A

antitussive; pain relief can cause dependency long term withdrawal: n/v/abd cramps, faintness, anorexia

111
Q

albuterol/ipratropium inhaler

A

COPD assess for allergy to soy, atropine, peanuts avoid OTC cough/allergy meds may cause nervousness/tremors, dry mouth, photophobis, tachycardia

112
Q

terbutaline

A

sympathomimetic bronchodilator; asthma, COPD bronchospasm mgmt inhaled: short term po: long term teach pt radial pulse

114
Q

doxazosin prazosin terazosin

A

alpha adrenergic receptor blockers–oHotn prec treats HTN, CHF after MI, CV risk reduction Contact MD for edema, SOB, dry cough avoid salt subs

115
Q

insulin glargine

A

long acting;

116
Q

procainamide

A

treats lethal ventricular arrythmias and maintains NSR after conversion of atrial arrythmia

117
Q

carbamazepine

A

Tegretol anticonvulant can cause myelosuppression, take with food, no grapefruit

118
Q

allopurinol

A

antigout increase fluids and take with food, avoid alcohl, organ meats gravy, legumes

119
Q

oxybutinin

A

anticholinergic; antispasmodic treatment of neurogenic bladder

121
Q

nortriptyline

A

TCA

122
Q

NSAIDS

A

can cause blurred vision, tinnitus, edema, hematuria (kidney damage)-call MD take with food, avoid EtOH (can cause GI bleed)

123
Q

valsartan

A

ARB treats HTN, CHF when pt can’t have ACE inhibitor avoid salt subs

124
Q

desogestrel….(various)/ethinyl estradiol

A

OCP; treatment of endometriosis, hypermenorrhea contact MD for unusual bleeding, severe HA, SOB changes in vision, chest.leg pain (r/f clots) avoid smoking–increases r/f CV events stop 1 week before surgery may cause contact lens intolerance St. Johns wort, many abx can decrease effectiveness

125
Q

olanzepine

A

Zyprexa; antipsychotic

127
Q

finasteride

A

testosterone inhibitor; treats BPH (Proscar) and alopecia (Propecia)

128
Q

narcan

A

reverse narcotic depression; opioid antagonist may increase PTT/ monitor for bleeding withdrawal of narcotic dependent pts: restlessness, muscle spasms, tearing

129
Q

misoprostol

A

Cytotec; ulcer prevention during NSAID therapy; take with meals and hs

130
Q

montelukast

A

allergy and asthma prophylaxis; leukotriene inhibitor notify MD for wheezing, resp distress can increase r/t neuropsychiatric events

132
Q

rivaroxaban

A

Xarelto anticoagulant

133
Q

flunisolide

A

steroid inhaler, asthma

134
Q

clomiphene

A

ovulation stimulant can cause vasomotor flushes, heavy menses, depression, HA, wt gain, constipation, enlarged ovaries report abn bleeding, pelvic pain, menopause symptoms, wt gain or decreased UOP immediately, monitor for visual disturbances

135
Q

benzonatate

A

antitussive; Tessalon avoid CNS depressants toxicity: convulsions, trembling

136
Q

clarithromycin erythromycin

A

macrolide abx

137
Q

salsalate

A

salicylate antirheumatic

138
Q

guaifenesin

A

expectorant take with fgw

139
Q

cimetidine famotidine

A

antiulcer meds, decrease acid production avoid EtOH, ASA, and caffeine, which increase acid production

140
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

thiazide diuretic can cause hypokalemia and hyperglycemia, and confusion in elderly

141
Q

imipramine

A

TCA

142
Q

esomeprazole omeprazole lansoprazole pantoprazole

A

PPI; take before meals

143
Q

citalopram escitalopram fluoxetine paroxetine sertraline

A

SSRI; take in am

144
Q

ciprofloxacin levofloxacin

A

Cipro Levaquin Fluoroquinolone abx May cause photosensitivity, tendon rupture

145
Q

salmeterol

A

sympathomimetic bronchodilator; long term asthma control, prevention EIA bronchospasm prevention COPD NOT a rescue inhaler contact MD for more than 4 uses for 2 days

146
Q

piroxicam

A

NSAID antirheumatic

101a Vocab (9 decks)

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