Ethics Quiz Flashcards
“The unexamine life is not worth living” Moral reasoning and critical thinking were big with him.
Socrates
A systematic reflection on morality; the study of values in human conduct or the study of right conduct
Ethics
This is made up of your own values and duties you have adopted as relevant
personal morality
A shred belief about values and duties that may be culturally, ethnically, or geographically generat
Societal morality
Societal morality usually springs from
religious or philosophical beliefs about god/gods
Values and duties that only apply to members of a group, not others in society
Group Morality
offers a decision making framework for organizing thinking in a dilemma; critical, rational, defensible approach
Ethics
Veracity
the duty to tell the truth
Fidelity
the duty to keep one’s promise
Reparation
the duty to make up for a wrong
Gratitude
the duty to make up for a good
Utility
the greatest good or harm for the greatest number (usefulness of the action)
Generality
must not refer to specific people or situations
Universality
the same principle must hold for everyone regardless of time, place, or persons involved
Causistry
resolving of specific cases of conscience, duty, or conduct through interpretation
Disclosure, comprehension, voluntary, competency are needed for
informed consent
Confidentiality
Holding information entrusted in the context of special relationships as private
serve as guides to organizing and understanding ethically relevant information in a dilemma; propose how to resolve competing claims; universal in nature but not absolute–have exceptions
Ethical principles
Four bioethical principles
Autonomy
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Justice
Beneficence
the duty to do good, promote the welfare of others
Nonmaleficence
the duty to do no harm; avoid unnecessary suffering or risk of injury, act of killing
Justice
the equitable distribution of risks and benefits; right to decent minimum health care, fair and equal distribution of scarce resources, non-discriminatory treatment
autonomy
being one’s own person without constraints by another’s actions; freedom to make decisions about personal goals
Four elements of autonomy
Respect for persons
One must be able to determine personal goals
One had the capacity to decide on course of action
One has the freedom to act on their choices
Informed consent, respect for informed refusal, and respect for confidential information relate to principle of
autonomy
Deliberate overriding of a patient’s opportunity to exercise autonomy because of a perceived obligation of beneficience
Paternalism
metaphor used as a warning with no justification or logical evidence to back it up; a situation that could hypothetically slip toward a morally unacceptable situation
slippery slope argument
