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NCLEX Flashcards

1
Q

Oxytocin is used to

A

Induce or augment labor

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2
Q

MMR vaccine

A

Prevent rubella

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3
Q

Etanercept is used to

A

Slow the progression of arthritis

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4
Q

Prolonged use of this med may cause Cushing’s syndrome

A

Methylprednisolone

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5
Q

Sulfa-

A

Sulfonamides - Antibiotics, UTIs
Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfasoxazole

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6
Q

Antidote for opioids

A

Naloxone

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7
Q

-Mycin

A

Aminoglycosides/macrolides - Antibiotics
Erythromycin, Vancomycin, Tobramycin

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8
Q

Anti-platelet (used to prevent MI and CVA) SE: Bleeding and hemorrhage

A

Clopidogrel

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9
Q

Diverticulitis diet

A

Clear liquids to high fiber

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10
Q

-Profen

A

NSAIDs
Ibuprofen, Fenoprofen, Ketoprofen

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11
Q

Cef- or Ceph-

A

Cephalosporins - antibiotics (skin infection, resistant bacteria, meningitis, and other infections)

Cefadroxil, Cefixime, Cefalor
Cephalexin, Cephapirin, Cephradine

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12
Q

Smoking cessation aid (used to aid efforts to stop smoking) SE: change in appetite, unusual dreams

A

Varenicline

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13
Q

Antidote for magnesium

A

Calcium gluconate

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14
Q

This med might be used to lower serum potassium levels (DM med)

A

Regular insulin

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15
Q

Antidysrhythmic (used for A-fib, V-tach) SE: lung damage, heart failure, liver and thyroid toxicity

A

Amiodarone

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16
Q

Lipid ranges

A

LDL = <110 mmol/L
HDL = >40 mmol/L
Total = < 170 mmol/L

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17
Q

Valacyclovir is used to

A

Decrease symptoms of herpes zoster

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18
Q

A woman who has trichamoniasis infection takes

A

Metronidazole

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19
Q

Mood Stabilizer (used for BPD) SE: tremors, polyuria; Toxicity: GI upset, CNS changes, convulsions, coma, death

A

Lithium

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20
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitor (used for GERD, gastric ulcer) SE: HA, diarrhea, osteoporosis

A

Esomeprazole

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21
Q

A client who has asthma is instructed to take ____ two hours before exercising to prevent bronchospasms

A

Montelukast

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22
Q

-Terol

A

Bronchodilators
Albuterol, Bitolterol, Levabuterol, Pirbuterol

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23
Q

This med is given subcutaneously and has no peak action time (DM med)

A

Glargine

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24
Q

Antidote for lead

A

Succimer

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25
Q

Quetiapine is used to

A

Treat bipolar disorder

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26
Q

Clopidogrel is used to

A

Prevent an MI or stroke

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27
Q

-Triptan

A

Anti-migraines
Naratriptan, Rizatriptan

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28
Q

Rifa-

A

Antituberculars
Rifamate, Rifampin, Rifapentine, Rifater

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29
Q

-Actone

A

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Aldactone, Spironolactone

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30
Q

Piperacillin/Tazobactam is used to treat

A

Bacterial infections

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31
Q

Meloxicam may be used to

A

Relieve pain from OA or RA

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32
Q

-Azole

A

Antifungals
Butoconazole, Econazole, Fluconazole

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33
Q

Trousseau’s sign

A

Indicates low calcium and magnesium
Positive = the blood pressure cuff makes the hand flex forward and look like a claw

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34
Q

Montelukast is used to

A

Prevent bronchospasm

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35
Q

Tiotropium is used to

A

Treat COPD

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36
Q

-Vir

A

Antivirals
Abacavir, Zanamivir

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37
Q

-Sone
-Lone

A

Corticosteroids (anti-inflammatory and immune suppressant)
Cortisone, Dexamethasone, Prednisone
Methylprednisolone, Prednisolone

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38
Q

A pt who has a-fib is prescribed ____ to prevent thrombosis.

A

Warfarin

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39
Q

Antipsychotic (used for schizophrenia, acute psychosis, Tourettes) SE: neutropenia, high risk of EPS

A

Haloperidol

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40
Q

aPTT range

A

30-40 seconds
On heparin aPTT 1.5-2.5 times normal range

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41
Q

This med is used to treat C. Dif. most often

A

Vancomycin

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42
Q

Hold this med 48 hours before and after use of a contrast dye (DM med)

A

Metformin

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43
Q

Airborne precaution diseases

A

MTV
Measles
TB
Varicella

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44
Q

-Ine

A

Stimulants
Amphetamine, Caffeine, Terbutaline, Theophylline

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45
Q

-Floxacin

A

Fluoroquinolones - Antibiotics;
Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin

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46
Q

Oxybutynin is used to

A

Prevent urinary incontinence

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47
Q

Hydromorphone is used for

A

Moderate to severe pain
- Analgesic

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48
Q

Insulin, rapid acting (used for type 1&2 diabetes mellitus) SE: hypoglycemia

A

Aspart/Lispro

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49
Q

-Pam
-Lam

A

Benzodiazepines (treat severe anxiety or insomnia, muscle spasms and seizures
Diazepam, Lorazepam
Alprazolam, Midazolam

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50
Q

-Triptyline

A

Tricyclics (antidepressants)
Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline, Protriptyline

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51
Q

Hemoglobin range

A

12 - 16 g/dL

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52
Q

Calci-

A

Calcium and Vitamin D supplements
Calciferol, Calcitriol, Ergocalciferol

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53
Q

-Zoline

A

Nasal Decongestants
Oxymetazoline, Xylometazoline

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54
Q

Serum creatinine range

A

0.6-1.2 mg/dL

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55
Q

-Ciclovir

A

Antivirals
Famciclovir, Ganciclovir, Acyclovir

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56
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

Indicates internal bleeding
Positive =a bluish color around naval
Ex: ectopic pregnancy or acute pancreatitis

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57
Q

Narcotic analgesic (used for chronic pain not responding to other analgesics) SE: addiction, respiratory depression

A

Fentanyl

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58
Q

Electrolyte relationships

A

Sodium + K = Inverse
Mag + Phos = Inverse
Ca + Phos = Inverse
K + Mag = Reciprocal
Ca + Vit D = Reciprocal
Ca + Mag = Reciprocal

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59
Q

Sedative-hypnotic (used for insomnia) SE: changes in behavior and mental health, sleep walking

A

Zolpidem

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60
Q

A pt who has paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia should receive (IV dysrhythmic)

A

Adenosine

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61
Q

What should the nurse monitor with Zolpidem?

A

Sleep patterns

62
Q

Antidote for Benzos

A

Flumazenil

63
Q

Gout diet

A

Avoid purines

64
Q

This med should not be taken with tadalafil

A

Nitroglycerin

65
Q

-Setron

A

5-HT3 receptor blocker (anti-emetics)
Dolasetron, Granisetron, Ondansetron

66
Q

What should the nurse monitor with Prednisone?

A

Delayed wound healing

67
Q

HbA1c range

68
Q

A man who has urinary hesitation and dysuria is prescribed _____ to relieve symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

A

Dutasteride (urinary retention med)

69
Q

A pt who has muscle spasms is prescribed

A

Cyclobenzaprine

70
Q

-Pril

A

Ace inhibitors
Captopril, Lisinopril, Enalapril, Quinapril

71
Q

Colony stimulating factor (used for anemia from chronic kidney disease, perioperative) SE: blood clots

72
Q

Babinski’s reflex

A

Normal in a baby <6 months old
The big toe dorsiflexes (or fans up and out) when the sole of the foot is stimulated

73
Q

BUN range

74
Q

Phosphorus range

A

3.0-4.5 mg/dL

75
Q

-Ase

A

Thrombolytics (clot busters)
Altaplase, Eminase, Retavase, Streptokinase

76
Q

Gabapentin was created for

A

Epilepsy
- But is often used to treat neuralgia

77
Q

-Dronate

A

Bisphosphonates - treats osteoporosis or osteopenia (slows down bone breakdown)
Alendronate, Etidronate, Pamidronate, Risedronate

78
Q

Atorvastatin is used to

A

Prevent heart disease

79
Q

Cholinesterase inhibitor (used for mild to severe Alzheimer’s disease) SE: may decrease reaction time

80
Q

McBurney’s sign

A

Indicates appendicitis
Positive = tenderness in the lower right quadrant of abdomen

81
Q

Cholecystitis diet

82
Q

WBC range

A

5,000 - 10,000

83
Q

-Lol

A

Beta blockers (prevents epi from doing its thing); treat angina, high BP, abnormal rhythms
Atenolol, Propranolol, Sotalol, Metoprolol

84
Q

Liver Function Tests (LFTs) ranges

A

ALP: 40-120 u/L
ALT: 7-56 u/L
AST: 10-40 u/L

85
Q

Hematocrit range

86
Q

ACE inhibitor (used for HTN, MI) SE: persistent cough, angioedema

A

Lisinopril

87
Q

Valsartan is used to

A

Lower blood pressure

88
Q

Dumping syndrome diet

A

Small, frequent meals

89
Q

Corticosteroid (used for seasonal and perennial rhinitis) SE: nausea, dizziness, epistaxis

A

Fluticasone

90
Q

Magnesium range

A

1.5-2.0 mEq/L

91
Q

-Caine

A

Local anesthetics
Bupivacaine, Cocain, Lidocaine, Xylocaine

92
Q

Parkland Burn Formula

A

4ml * kg * % TBSA

1/2 given over the first 8 hrs
1/2 given over the next 16 hrs

93
Q

Pancreatitis diet

A

NPO, TPN may be used

94
Q

Duloxetine is used to

A

Treat depression

95
Q

-Azosin

A

Alpha blockers (prevent norepi from doings its thing)
Doxazosin, Prazosin, Terazosin

96
Q

Brudzinski’s sign

A

For meningitis
Positive = the hips flex when the neck is flexed forward while laying supine

97
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor (used for erectile dysfunction) SE: flushing, erection lasting >4 hours, MI

A

Sildenafil

98
Q

Antidote for heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

99
Q

Nonselective Beta Blocker (used for HTN, dysrhythmias, migraine, many others) SE: bradycardia, hypotension

A

Propranolol

100
Q

Anticonvulsant (used for neuralgia, partial seizures, fibromyalgia) SE: changes in behavior or mood, muscle twitching, confusion

A

Pregabalin

101
Q

-Zine

A

Phenothiazines (antipsychotics)
Chlorpromazine, Perphenazine, Prochlorperazine

102
Q

RBC range

A

4.5 - 5.5 million

103
Q

Esomeprazole is used to

A

Treat GERD

104
Q

Kernig’s sign

A

For meningitis
Positive = Pain in the hamstring muscles when extending the leg or flexing the hip

105
Q

-Barbital

A

Barbiturates (sedative-hypnotics)
Amobarbital, Pentobarbital, Secobarbital

106
Q

Calcium range

A

9 - 10.5 mg/dL

107
Q

Methotrexate is a

A

DMARD = disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (used for people with RA)

decrease pain and inflammation, reduce or prevent joint damage, and preserve the structure and function of the joints

108
Q

A pt who has epilepsy takes

A

Phenytoin ( keep levels between 10-20 mcg/mL)

109
Q

A patient taking allopurinol should decrease

A

Intake of purines

110
Q

SSRI (used for depression, OCD, PTSD, panic attacks) SE: weight changes, drowsiness, loss of libido, hallucinations, insomnia

A

Sertraline

111
Q

Bisphosphonate (used for osteoporosis) SE: jaw problems, pain in bones, muscles and joints

A

Risedronate

112
Q

-Prazole

A

Proton pump inhibitors
Lansoprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole

113
Q

What should the nurse monitor with Olanzapine?

A

Mood (Can cause mood changes)

114
Q

-Stigmine

A

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (alzheimers/dementias, Myasthenia Gravis)
Neostigmine, Physostigmine, Pyridostigmine

115
Q

What should the nurse monitor with Glipizide?

A

Blood glucose

116
Q

-Sartan

A

Angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) - HF, High BP
Candesartan, Losartan, Telmisartan, Valsartan

117
Q

Calcium channel blocker (used for HTN, angina, A-fib, A-flutter, SVT) SE: heart failure, peripheral edema

118
Q

Loop diuretic (used for renal failure and heart failure) SE: hypokalemia, ototoxicity

A

Furosemide

119
Q

-Semide

A

Loop Diuretics
Furosemide, Torsemide

120
Q

Pregabalin is used to

A

Treat neuropathy

121
Q

____ may be given for antidepressant induced insomnia

122
Q

Cort-

A

Corticosteroids (anti-inflammatory)
Cortisone, Hydrocortisone

123
Q

What is rhabdomyolysis?

A

Skeletal muscle breaks down and releases a protein that damages the kidneys
(Can be fatal)

124
Q

Antidote for acetaminophen

A

Acetylcysteine

125
Q

What should the nurse monitor with Warfarin?

126
Q

-Statin

A

Most common lipid/cholesterol lowering BP meds
Rosuvastatin, Atorvastatin, Simvastatin

127
Q

-Thiazide

A

Thiazide diuretics
Benzthiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide

128
Q

Moro reflex

A

The baby thinks they are falling they will put arms out and then pull arms in as if they are “startled”

129
Q

Antidote for digitalis

A

Digoxin immune fab

130
Q

Antidote for warfarin

131
Q

Methylergonovine is used to

A

Treats severe bleeding of the uterus
Ex: postpartum mom with twins

132
Q

-Cillin

A

Penicillins - Antibiotics
Amoxicillin, Penicillin, Ampicillin

133
Q

Albumin range

A

3.5-5.5 g/dL

134
Q

Platelet range

A

150,000 - 400,000

135
Q

Glucose fasting range

A

70-105 mg/dL

136
Q

Rhabdo s/s

A

Weakness
Swelling (fluid shift)
Dark urine + decreased output
Confusion
Arrythmia (electrolyte imbalance)

137
Q

-Tidine

A

H2 receptor antagonists (anti-ulcer)
Cimetidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine, Ranitidine

138
Q

____ is checked every 4-6 hours when TPN is initiated
A. WBC
B. Total lipids
C. Blood glucose

A

C. Blood glucose

139
Q

Tramadol is used for

A

Pain control
- Do not take with alcohol

140
Q

Statin (used to lower cholesterol and LDL and to raise HDL) SE: Rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity

A

Atorvastatin

141
Q

Atypical antipsychotic (used for schizophrenia, BPD, major depression, autism) SE: headache, agitation, EPS (low risk)

A

Aripiprazole

142
Q

Fluoroquinolone (used for pneumonia, sinusitis, skin infection) SE: tendonitis, photosensitivity

A

Levofloxacin

143
Q

____ is prescribed to treat heart failure

144
Q

Chvostek’s sign

A

Indicates low calcium and magnesium
Positive = tap the cheek and the facial muscles twitch

145
Q

INR range

A

.8 - 1.1
Therapeutic range = 2-3

146
Q

Budesonide/formoterol is used to

A

Prevent acute asthma attacks
- It is inhaled

147
Q

What should the nurse monitor with Digoxin?

148
Q

Anticoagulant (used for DVT prevention) SE: bleeding, neurological impairment

A

Enoxaparin

149
Q

-Dipine
-Zem

A

Calcium channel blockers - treats angina and lowers bp
Amlodipine, Felodipine, Isradipine, Nifedipine
Diltiazem (Cardizem)

150
Q

Antimycobacterial (used for TB, some other infections) SE: hepatotoxicity

151
Q

Urine Specific Gravity

A

1.005 - 1.030

152
Q

Types of prevention

A

Primary = Prevention
Secondary = Spot (detect)
Tertiary = Treat (manage disease)

NCLEX (2 decks)

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