Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NCLEX > Klimek Lectures > Flashcards

Klimek Lectures Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NCLEX-PN® flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards
1
Q

pH

A

As the pH goes, so goes my patient, except K+

Alkalosis = excited = overventilated
Acidosis = shut down = underventilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff’s

A

Vitamin B deficiency
Amnesia and confabulation
Any brain damage is permanent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Uppers/Downers

A

Caffeine, Cocaine, PCP/LSD, Methamphetamine, Adderall
Everything else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

A mean old Mycin for a mean old infection
IV or IM, never PO (except with hepatic encephalopathy and pre-op bowel surgery)
Mycin = mice ears = ototoxicity
Ear is shaped like a kidney = also nephrotoxic (monitor creatinine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sublingual/IV/IM peak levels

A

Sub = 5-10 minutes after dissolved
IV = 15-30 minutes after drug is finished
IM = 30-60 minutes after injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Same goes for beta blockers
Valium for the heart / depressant
A/AA/AAA
- Antihypertensive
- Anti Angina
- Anti Atrial Arrhythmic (A flutter + A fib)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

EKG words

A

QRS depolarization = ventricular
P wave = atrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SVT treatment

A

ABCD
Adenosine
Beta Blocker
Calcium channel blocker
Digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Asystole treatment

A

Epi then Amiodarone (asystole backwards)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chest tube bubbles

A

Water seal continuous = bad
Water seal intermittent = good
Suction chamber continuous = good
Suction chamber intermittent = bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Congenital heart defects

A

TRouBLe
R-L shunting
Blue/cyanotic
All CHD start with T

Trouble or not, all patients will have
- Murmurs + echo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

VarieD PictureS Of A RancH
Ventricular Defects
Pulmonary Stenosis
Overriding Aorta
Right Hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insulin

A

R - Onset 1 hr, Peak 2 hr, Duration 4 hr
N - Onset 6 hr, Peak 8-10 hr, Duration 12 hr
Humalog/Lispro - Onset 15 min, Peak 30 min, Duration 3 hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Low glucose in type 1

A

Insulin shock
Can cause permanent brain damage
Drunk in shock
Treat w/ sugar/rapidly metabolized carb + protein/starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DKA

A

1# cause = acute upper respiratory infection in the last 10 days
S/S = DKA
- Dehydration
- Ketones, Kussmaul, High K+
- Acidosis, Acetone breath, Anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HHNK

A

High glucose in type 2 = severe dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A1C

A

Normal = 6 -
Out of control = 8+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lithium Levels

A

For mania
Therapeutic = .6 - 1.2
Toxic = 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Digoxin

A

For A fib + CHF
Therapeutic = 1-2
Toxic = 2+
Get apical pulse before giving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Aminophylline

A

Bronchodilator
Therapeutic = 10-20
Toxic = 20+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Wrong direction, right rate
GERD symptoms when supine after eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Acute dumping syndrome

A

Right direction, wrong rate
ADS
- Abdominal distress
- Drunk
- Shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

HH + ADS treatment

A

HOB = HH/high ADS/low
Fluids w/ meal = HH/high ADS/low
Carbs = HH/high ADS/low
Protein = HH/low ADS/high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Kalemias

A

Same as prefix, except HR + urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Calcemias

A

Opposite of prefix
Hypocalcemia
- Chvosteks sign = cheek tap
- Trousseaus sign = BP cuff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Magnesemias

A

Opposite of prefix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Natremia

A

HypO = Overload (crackles, distended neck vein)
HypEr = dEhydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Electrolyte imbalance signs

A

Earliest sign = paresthesia
Universal sign = Paresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Thyroidism

A

= Metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Graves disease (run yourself into the grave)
Weight loss, diarrhea, heat intolerance, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), irritable, etc.
Treatment = Radioactive iodine + PTU (puts thyroid under) + surgical removal (most common)
PTU = immunosuppressant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Thyroidectomy

A

Total = needs lifelong hormone replacement + at risk for hypocalcemia
Subtotal = at risk for thyroid storm

Post op risks (12-48 hrs)
Total = tetany
Subtotal = storm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Thyroid storm

A

Medical emergency
S/S
- Stroke level high BP
- Severe tachycardia
- Extremely high fever (105+)
- Delirious
Treatment = get temp down and O2 up
Will either come out of it on their own or die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Hashimoto’s disease
S/S
- Hypotension, bradycardia, weight gain, constipation, cold intolerance, dull+slow
Treatment = thyroid replacement
NEVER sedate these patients
Clarify NPO orders (never hold thyroid meds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Adrenal Cortex diseases

A

Start with A or C
Addison’s = Under secretion
Cushings = Over secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Addison’s

A

Hyperpigmented + terrible stress response (glucose + BP drop instead of rising)
Treat w/ glucocorticoids (-sones)
Add-A-Sone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Cushing’s

A

Cushy=more/excess
Moon face, hirsutism, gynecomastia (man boobs), buffalo hump, trunkal obesity + thin extremities, bruise easily, immunosuppressed, increased glucose, water and sodium retention, excrete K+
** Same side effects for steroid use**
Treatment = Cut it out (can lead to Addison’s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Droplet

A

Flu, meningitis, diphtheria, pertussis, mumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Airborne

A

MMR, TB, Chicken pox (varicella), SARs

39
Q

0-6 months

A

Best = musical mobile
Next = large + soft

40
Q

6-9 months

A

Best = Cover/uncover toy
Next = Firm but large

41
Q

9-12 months

A

Best = verbal toy

42
Q

1-3 years

A

Best = push/pull toys
Parallel play

43
Q

Preschoolers

A

Cooperative play

44
Q

Creatinine

A

Level D
best indicator of kidney function
.6-1.2

45
Q

INR

A

Monitors coumadin levels
Normal = 2-3
4+ = level C (bleeding risk)
- Hold coumadin
- Assess for bleeding
- Prepare to give Vit K
- Call dr

46
Q

K+

A

Normal = 3.5-5
3.5- = level C
- Assess heart
- Prepare to give K+
- Call dr
5.4-5.9 = level C
- Hold K+
- Assess heart
- Prepare Kayexalate/D5W
- Call dr
6+ = level D
- Do all of the above at once

47
Q

pH

A

Normal = 7.35-7.45
In the 6’s = level D
- Check vitals
- Call dr

48
Q

BUN

A

Normal = 10-20
Elevated = level B
- Check for dehydration

49
Q

Hgb

A

Normal = 12-18
8-11 = level B
- Monitor for anemia or malnutrition
8- = level C
- Assess for bleeding
- Prepare for transfusion
- Call dr

50
Q

CO2

A

Normal = 35-45
In the 50’s = level C
- Assess RR
- Do pursed lip breathing
- If not resolved, call dr
In the 60’s = level D
- Assess RR
- pursed lip breathing (for anxiety)
- Prepare to intubate + ventilate
- Call RT then dr

51
Q

Hct

A

Level B
Normal = 36-54 (3xhgb)

52
Q

PO2

A

Normal = 80-100
70-77 = level C = sign of respiratory insufficiency
- Assess RR
- Prepare O2
- If not resolved, call dr
60- = level D = sign of respiratory failure
- Assess RR
- Give O2
- Prepare to intubate +ventilate
-Call RT then dr

53
Q

BNP

A

Best indicator of CHF
Normal = - 100
100+ = level B

54
Q

Sodium

A

Normal = 135-145
Abnormal = level B
UNLESS change in LOC, then level C

55
Q

WBC

A

Normal = 5k - 11k
- 5k = level C
- Neutropenic precautions

56
Q

ANC

A

Normal = 500
- 500 = level C
- Neutropenic precautions

57
Q

CD4

A

Normal = 200
-200 = AIDS = level C
- Neutropenic precautions

58
Q

Platelets

A

Normal = 150k - 400k
-90k = level C
- Assess for bleeding
- Initiate bleeding precautions
-40k = level D (can spontaneously bleed to death)
- Same as above

59
Q

RBCs

A

Normal = 4 - 6

60
Q

Laminectomy

A

Removal of vertebral spinous processes

61
Q

Pre-op laminectomy assessments

A

Cervical = diaphragm (breathing) + arms
Thoracic = cough (abd muscles) + bowel sounds
Lumbar = Bladder/urine output + legs

62
Q

Laminectomy post-op

A

Rules
- Do not dangle/sit on the side of the bed
- Limit sitting to 20-30 minutes
Complications
- Cervical = pneumonia
- Thoracic = pneumonia + paralytic ileus
- Lumbar = urinary retention + problems w/ legs

63
Q

Laminectomy d/c

A

Temporary (6 week) restrictions
- Don’t sit longer than 30 minutes
- Lie flat + log roll
- Don’t lift more than 5 lbs
- No driving
Permanent restrictions
- Never lift by bending at the waist
- Never lift things above the head
- No horse riding, off trail bike riding, jerky rollercoasters, etc.

64
Q

Pregnancy weight gain

A

Ideal = week # - 9
Total = 25-31 lbs
1st trimester = 1 lb/month (3 lbs total)
2nd/3rd = 1 lb/ week

65
Q

Pregnancy complications

A

Morning sickness - 1st trimester
Urinary incontinence - 1st + 3rd trimester
Dyspnea - 2nd + 3rd trimester
Back pain - 2nd + 3rd trimester

66
Q

Station (labor)

A

Presenting part to ischial spine (narrowest part baby has to pass through
Negative = above
Positive = below
Engagement = at ischial spine = 0

67
Q

Lie (labor)

A

Mom’s spine + baby’s spine
Vertical lie = good l I
Transverse lie = bad l–

68
Q

Presentation (labor)

A

The part that enters the birth canal first
- ROA + LOA = most likely answers

69
Q

Stages of labor

A

Stage 1 = labor (includes all 3 phases of labor)
Stage 2 = Delivery of baby
Stage 3 = Delivery of placenta
Stage 4 = Recovery (2 hours; to monitor bleeding)

70
Q

Phases of labor

A

LATent (LAT = order)
Active
Transitional

Active labor
Dilated 5-7 cm
Contraction frequency = 3-5 min
Contraction duration = 30-60 seconds
Intensity = moderate
(less = latent; more = transition

71
Q

Postpartum

A

2 hours after delivery of placenta

72
Q

Contractions

A

Should not be longer than 90 seconds or closer than every 2 min
If they are, TROUBLE

73
Q

Prolapsed cord

A

Cord is presenting part
High priority
Push head back in off cord
Position knee to chest
Prep for C-section

74
Q

All labor complications

A

LION Pit
Left side
Increase IV
Oxygen
Notify provider
Stop pitocin if in crisis

75
Q

Delivery of placenta

A

Check umbilical for AVA
2 arteries 1 vein

76
Q

Tocolytics

A

Stop contractions
Terbutaline (can’t give w/ cardiac disease)
Nifedipine (can give w/ cardiac disease)

77
Q

Oxytocics

A

Stimulate labor
Oxytocin + cervidil (SE = uterine hyperstimulation)

78
Q

Fetal lung development

A

Betamethasone

79
Q

Birth complications for baby

A

Cephalohematoma = bleeding in the skull; does not cross the suture line
Caput succedaneum = fluid in the skull; can cross the suture line

80
Q

Rules for priorities

A

1 - Acute beats chronic
2 - Fresh post-op (<12 hrs) beats medical or other surgical patients
3 - Stable beats unstable
4 - The more vital the organ, the higher the priority

81
Q

Organ priority

A

Brain - Lungs - Heart - Liver - Kidney - Pancreas

82
Q

Black tag patients

A

Pulseless
Breathless
Fixed and dilated pupils

83
Q

Psych drug SE’s

A

ALL psych drugs cause
- Hypotension
- Weight changes

Anticholinergic (dry mouth)
Blurred vision + bladder retention
Constipation
Drowsiness
EPS
“F”otosensitivity
aGranulocytosis

84
Q

Phenothizines

A

Typical antipsychotics
All end in -zine
Large doses = antipsychotics Small doses = antiemetics
SE’s = A-G

85
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants

A

NSSRI’s
Mood elevators to treat depression
SE’s = A-E (Euphoria)

86
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Antianxiety meds/minor tranqs
Pam or lam
Cannot take for more than 6 weeks - 3 months
SE’s = A-D

87
Q

MAOI’s

A

Antidepressants
SE’s = A-D
Avoid tyramine
- Salad BAR (Banana, avocado, raisins + any dried fruits)
- No organ meats or preserved meats
- No aged cheese
- No alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, licorice, soy sauce

88
Q

Lithium

A

Treats mania
SE’s = Peeing (polyuria), Pooping (diarrhea), Paresthesia (tingling/numbness)
Toxicity = Tremors, metallic taste, severe diarrhea, other neuro signs
Only works when sodium is controlled

89
Q

Prozac

A

SSRI
SE’s = A-D
Causes insomnia = give before noon
Causes SI when changing dose in adolescent or young adult

90
Q

Haldol

A

Typical antipsychotic
Tranq
SE’s = A-G
Elderly patients may develop neuroleptic malignant syndrome

91
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

Can look similar to EPS but will have high fever (104+)
Is a medical emergency

92
Q

Clozapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic
Treats severe schizophrenia
SE = G
Can only be prescribed for 7 days (then get WBC drawn for 4 weeks, then 1/month for 6 months, then every 6 months

93
Q

Zoloft

A

SSRI
Antidepressant
SE’s = SAD Head
Sweating
Apprehensive
Dizzy
Headache
Can interact w/ St. John’s Wort (serotonin syndrome) + warfarin

94
Q

Before changing an answer

A

Explain why new answer is superior to first pick. If you can’t do this, don’t change your answer

NCLEX (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions