NCE Questions Flashcards
In what ways is the premature infant different from the full-term infant?
Premature infants have immature organ systems and are prone to complications such as anemia, apnea, bradycardia, temperature instability, and intraventricular hemorrhage.
The ratio of minute ventilation to FRC is 2-3 times higher in the newborn. What is the clinical significance of this?
They have diminished apneic reserve and thus rapidly desaturate during periods of apnea for hypoventilation. An increased MV/FRC also results in more rapid inhalational induction and faster emergence in the newborn compared to the adult.
What is the normal HR range of the term infant? What are the normal HR ranges though childhood development?
Term infant: 100-160 bpm. 3-6 months: 90-120 bpm. 6-12 months: 80-120 bpm. 1-3 years: 70-110 bpm. 3-6 years: 65-110 bpm. 6-12 years: 60-95 bpm. > 12 yrs: 55-85 bpm
What is the caloric need in relation to BSA for the full-term infant? At what age does caloric need in relation to BSA peak and how does this compare to adult caloric need?
The caloric need in relation to BSA for a full-term infant is about 30 kcal/m2 per hour. In increases to about 50 kcal/m2 per hour by 2 years of age and then decreases gradually to the adult level of 35-40 kcal/m2 per hour.
